Chapter 12 Biology
According to Chargaff's rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?
A=T, and C=G
Which of the following researchers used radioactive markers in experiments to show that DNA was the genetic material in cells?
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
The Hershey-Chase experiments on bacteriophages showed that genetic information is carried in
DNA
The enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA is called
DNA polymerase
The main enzyme involved in linking individual nucleotides into DNA molecules is
DNA polymerase
What was the significance of the radioactive isotopes Hershey and Chase chose?
Phosphorus is abundant in DNA, while sulfur is abundant in protein
The technique Franklin used to study DNA was
X-ray diffraction
In base pairing between DNA strands, hydrogen bonds are formed between
adenine and thymine
A nucleotide does NOT contain
an amino acid
Before DNA could definitively be shown to be the genetic material in cells, scientists had to show that it could
carry and make copies of information
In prokaryotes, DNA molecules are located in the
cytoplasm
Nucleotides are joined together to form the DNA chain by links between
deoxyribose molecules and phosphate groups
Avery's team repeated Griffith's experiments because the wanted to
determine which molecule in the heat-killed bacteria was the transformation factor.
In eukaryotes, DNA replication begins at
dozens or even hundreds of places on the DNA molecule
In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the
nucleus
All nucleotides contain each of the following EXCEPT a
protein
Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA in a process called
replication
The diagram shows the process of DNA
replication
What radioactive isotopes were used in the Hershey-Chase experiments?
sulfur-35 and phosphorus-32
DNA at the tips of chromosomes are known as
telomeres
The process by which one strain of bacterium is apparently changed into another strain is called
transformation
Bacteriophages are
viruses that kill bacteria
The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from
weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.