Chapter 12, Lesson 1

In the late 1000s and early 1100s, a wave of ____________ enthusiasm led to a rise in monasteries and monastic ______________.

religious, orders

__________ monks preached simplicity, took vows of poverty, and aided the poor, while _________ also lived in poverty and battled ________.

Franciscian, dominican, heresy

The abbess __________ was an important contributor to a type of music known as ______ chant.

Hildgard of Bingen, gregorian

The ___________ Controversy, which was initiated by a decree from Pope Gregory VII in 1075, ended in an 1122 compromise called the _____________________.

Investiture, concord of worms

In the 1200s, Pope _____________ used tools such as the ________________ to bring the Church to the height of its political power.

Innocent III, interdict

The _________ order of monks was one of the first to take their religion to people outside the monastery.

cistercians

The church's ________ sometimes used _______ to extract confessions of heresy and used executions to punish it.

inquisition, torture

Christians also made _____ to shrines, the greatest of which, they believed, was the Holy City of _____.

pilgramage, Jerusalem

In Europe, pilgrims often traveled to Rome or Santiago de Compostela, which housed the ________ of several of the _____________.

relics, apostles

In the Middle Ages, the church played a large role in everyday life; the ____________ guided people from birth to death, and included baptism, the Eucharist and marriage.

sacraments

Medieval Christians dedicated churches to _________ and venerated ________, objects connected with saints.

saints, relics

Medieval Popes controlled the ________________ in Italy, and bishops often _________ to nobles.

territories, vassals