Chapter 13
1. Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to play a role in determining who someone will form a relationship with? a. Diversity b. Proximity c. Similarity d. Reciprocity
a. Diversity
When Steven runs alone, he usually runs a mile in 8 minutes. However, when other people are around, Steven runs a mile in 7 minutes. What phenomenon best describes Steven's improved performance? a. Social facilitation b. The bystander effect c. Social interference d. Altruism
a. Social facilitation
Beliefs about the personal traits and behaviors of individuals who belong to specific groups are called: a. Stereotypes b. Social inferences c. Fundamental attributions errors d. Self-fulfilling prophesies
a. Stereotypes
The Dribblers new basketball coach really doesn't expect much and is convinced they will never make the playoffs. During the regular season, the coach seldom offers praise for a really outstanding play, and after a particularly bad loss, the coach is prone to make statements such as "What can you expect; the other team was really good." In response to the coach's lack of confidence, the team ends up at the bottom of their division. This situation illustrates the concept of: a. A self-serving bias b. A self-fulfilling prophecy c. The fundamental attribution error d. Stereotypes
b. A self-fulfilling prophecy
Barry is sometimes very agreeable in meetings, but other times he refuses to go along with anything that is suggested. In this example, Barry's behavior has: a. High consensus b. Low consistency c. Low distinctiveness d. Low consensus
b. Low consistency
When people first meet individuals who are physically attractive, they usually assume that compared to someone with average looks, the attractive individual is: a. Less intelligent, but higher in self-monitoring b. More intelligent, better adjusted, and more socially aware c. More intelligent, but more likely to have personal problems d. Lower in self-monitoring and more popular
b. More intelligent, better adjusted, and more socially aware
Svetlana just heard that her neighbor, Bart, was involved in an automobile accident at a nearby intersection. If Svetlana concludes that Bart's children distracted him, and this caused the accident, she has made: a. An attributional error b. An internal attribution c. An external attribution d. A self-serving attribution
c. An external attribution
Ebony thinks the idea her boss has proposed for increasing sales is really stupid. She listens as six of her coworkers praise the idea, and when her boss asks Ebony for her opinion, she says: "The idea is great! I wish I would have thought of it." The process that would best explain why Ebony said the plan was great, even though she thought it was stupid, is: a. Social facilitation b. Cognitive dissonance c. Conformity d. Obedience
c. Conformity
General knowledge structures about social experiences or people are called: a. Attributions b. First impressions c. Social schema d. Stereotypes
c. Social schema
Prejudice involves a. Behaving negatively toward members of a group b. Experiencing cognitive dissonance in interactions with someone from an out-group c. Central processing of information about out-group members d. Holding a negative attitude toward members of a group
d. Holding a negative attitude toward members of a group
When Jeffrey was in Iraq, the colonel who was in command of his unit told the troops to destroy all the homes in the towns they passed through. Jeffrey didn't think that this was the right thing to do, but he followed the colonel's orders. The process that best explains Jeffrey's actions in this instance is: a. Social facilitation b. Normative conformity c. Informal conformity d. Obedience
d. Obedience
Stereotypes can lead people to: a. Place too much emphasis on the differences that exist within groups b. Respond negatively to self-fulfilling prophecies c. Respond positively to self-fulfilling prophecies d. Place too little emphasis on the differences that exist within groups
d. Place too little emphasis on the differences that exist within groups