Chapter 19-A&P 2

A typical adult hematocrit is

45

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. What does this mean?

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Coagulation

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

Coagulation would be prevented.

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.

Monocytes

Which of the following is NOT a feature of RBC morphology? a. a convex shape allowing for more efficient transport of oxygen b. a large surface area-to-volume ratio c. ability to form stacks known as rouleaux d. ability to bend and flex when entering capillaries

a convex shape allowing for more efficient transport of oxygen

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

a superficial vein.

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

albumin

The condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is reduced, owing to a low blood hemoglobin concentration, is called

anemia

Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics? a. RBCs have no surface antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma. b. RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies. c. RBCs have the A and the B surface antigens and the plasma has anti-A and anti-B antibodies. d. RBCs have the Rh positive antigens and the anti-D plasma antibodies. e. RBCs have the A antigen and the plasma has the anti-B antibody.

b. RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.

Consider the following results from a blood lab test. Which value is most likely abnormal? a. RBCs — 5.2 million/µl b. hemoglobin — 10.7 g/100 ml c. platelets — 280,000/µl d. hematocrit — 44 percent e. leukocytes — 8600/µl

b. hemoglobin — 10.7 g/100 ml

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

basophils

A substance that activates plasminogen such as t-Pa might be useful to

cause blood clots to dissolve faster.

A person with a type A positive blood can safely receive blood from all of these donors EXCEPT __________. a. A positive b. A negative c. O positive d. B positive

d. B positive

Which of the following statements about blood is false? a. Blood is about 55 percent plasma. b. Blood contains buffers that control pH. c. Cells in blood comprise the formed elements. d. The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0. e. Blood is more viscous than water.

d. The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0.

The process of fibrinolysis

dissolves clots.

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except a. high altitude. b. anemia. c. when blood flow to the kidneys is disrupted. d. as a consequence of hemorrhage. e. periods of fasting.

e. periods of fasting

The process of red blood cell production is called

erythropoiesis

Which of these phases is NOT part of hemostasis?

erythropoiesis phase

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

hematocrit.

The waste product bilirubin is produced from

heme molecules lacking iron.

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

immunoglobulins.

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

iron

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?

liver

The blood cells involved in specific immunity are the

lymphocytes.

Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn?

mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of

neutrophils.

The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are

neutrophils.

The function of platelets is to assist in the

process called hemostasis.

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the

red bone marrow.