Chapter 2
Which of the following statements are true about the classical perspective of management? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. It assumed that people were rational. 2. It had two branches - scientific and administrative. 3. It focused on employee job satisfaction and engagement. 4. It emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently.
1, 2, 4
What are issues with the classical viewpoint? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. It fails to account for the importance of human needs. 2. It is especially behavioral. 3. It is overly mechanistic. 4. It views humans as cogs in a machine. 5. It is too difficult to use and has fallen out of favor in modern times.
1, 3, 4
What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management? 1. Anthropology 2. Accounting 3. Economics 4. Sociology 5. Physics 6. Psychology
1, 3, 4, 6
What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint? 1. Finished products 2. Raw materials 3. Labor 4. Employee satisfaction
1, 4
Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory? 1. Henri Fayol 2. Lillian Gilbreth 3. Frank Gilbreth 4. Frederick Taylor 5. Charles Clinton Spaulding 6. Max Weber
1, 5, 6
What are the two branches of the classical viewpoint of management? 1. behavioral 2. administrative 3. scientific 4. contingency
2, 3
What are issues with the classical viewpoint? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. It is especially behavioral. 2. It is too difficult to use and has fallen out of favor in modern times. 3. It fails to account for the importance of human needs. 4. It views humans as cogs in a machine. 5. It is overly mechanistic.
2, 3, 4, 5
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs? 1. Profit 2. Money 3. People 4. Feedback 5. Equipment 6. Technology
2, 3, 5
A learning organization: (Choose every correct answer.) 1. focuses on creating more efficient processes to manage labor costs 2. actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself 3. is likely to have a bureaucratic structure 4. is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge
2, 4
What are the contemporary approaches to management? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. Scientific management 2. Shared value and sustainable development 3. Evidence-based management 4. High-performance practices 5. Learning organizations
2, 4, 5
In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry? (Choose every correct answer.) 1. Recognize the physical motions employees use to complete a task. 2. Identify ways managers can encourage employees to take desired actions. 3. Recognize the psychological conditions necessary for employees to do their best work. 4. Identify the people who are best suited for a job. 5. Identify the ways people emotionally connect to products and services.
2,3,4
who was the first to identify the major functions of management? hint: administrative management
Fayol
whose ides were these: - organizations operating as "communities" with managers and subordinate working together in harmony - conflicts resolved by having managers and workers talk over differences and find solutions that satisfy both parties - work process under control of workers with relevant knowledge, rather than managers
Follett
hypothesis stating that employees work harder if they receive added attention, if they think managers care about their welfare and if supervisors pay special attention to them
Hawthorne effect
Improve an organization's ability to effectively attract, select, hire, develop and retain high-performing personnel
High-performance work practices (HPWPs)
who came up the hypothesis known as the Hawthorne effect?
Mayo
who realized that managers need to be aware of their attitudes toward employees? hint: Theory X and Theory Y
McGregor
who is known as the "father of industrial psychology?
Munsterberg
the creator and inventor of modern management; his theories form the bedrock on which corporate America was built
Peter Drucker
what is one well known company that uses Gilbreths' management principles by automating physical production processes to increase efficiencies?
Tesla
who's ideas on management had an important influence on the structure of large corporations, such as Coca Cola? ex. bureaucratic features
Weber
What organization launched the PRME?
United Nations
what type of management is concerned with managing the total organization?
administrative management
The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement?
behavioral
Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?
behavioral science
What is the focus of PRME?
business education
A system that has little interaction with its environment
closed system
theory; the study of how order and pattern arise from very complicated, apparently chaotic systems
complexity theory
_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development.
contemporary
viewpoint that emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to- that is, be contingent on- the individual and the environmental situation
contingency viewpoint
Renata is using the systems perspective to analyze her company. Which of the following should be included in her input analysis?
equipement
Branch of quantitative management; translation of principles based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process
evidence-based management
A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.
interrelated
In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.
feedback
Tyrone is reviewing customer response forms and learns that while some people like the company's new outerwear designs, the majority of customers do not. Which part of a system is Tyrone using to get his information?
feedback
In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.
outputs
Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.
human relations
Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.
individual workers
According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning
inputs into outputs
what are the four parts of a system?
inputs, transformational processes, outputs, and feedback
A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge.
learning
The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.
manage work more efficiently
Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.
management
One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____.
mechanistic
System that continually interacts with its environment
open system
A branch of quantitative management; focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively
operations management
The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.
psychology
The application to management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations. Two branches of _______________ ______________ are operations management and evidence-based management
quantitative management
The collection of parts making up the whole system
subsystems
The sequence of suppliers that contribute to creating and delivering a product, from raw materials to production to final buyers
supply chain
Shared value and __________________ development consider environmental and social effects of business as well as profit.
sustainable
the ides that two or more forces combined create and effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects
synergy
A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n) _____.
system
Perspective that regards the organization as a system of interrelated parts
system viewpoint
Administrative management is concerned with managing ________.
the total organization
