Chapter 2 : Hardware (ALA)

A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a ___.

Tablet

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its ___.

Footprint

Digital device manufactures include separate chips of storage (nonvolatile) that contain instructions not designed to be rewritten or removed. An example of these instructions includes the basic input-output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate from the hard drive and is referred to as ___ -only memory (ROM).

Read

Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app.

This PC

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.

file transfer protocol (FTP)

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

much smaller than computer's RAM

A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:

single-core processor

Solid ___ Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.

state

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

storage

Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to ___ data.

store

The most powerful computers, ___, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

supercomputers

Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive? - A universal serial bus (USB) port - A wireless mouse - An optical drive - An operating system

- A universal serial bus (USB) port - An operating system

Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive? - Commonly found in desktop computers - Reads data with lasers - Uses magnetically charged plates to store data - Uses solid-state electronic circuitry to store data

- Commonly found in desktop computers - Uses magnetically charged plates to store data

Which three of the following devices are computers? - Gaming platform - Smartphone - Switch - Laptop

- Gaming platform - Smartphone - Laptop

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer. - Comes with an integrated, physical, keyboard - Has as a touchscreen - Is highly mobile - Usually has a mobile operating system

- Has as a touchscreen - Is highly mobile - Usually has a mobile operating system

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers? - Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad - Mobile - Must have an optical drive - Full operating system

- Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad - Mobile - Full operating system

Which three of the following are common types of servers? - Network Server - File Server - Web Server - Personal Server

- Network Server - File Server - Web Server

Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD). - Uses lasers to read information - No moving parts - Uses magnets to store information - Extremely fast

- No moving parts - Extremely fast

Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___

2-in-one

Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5.

AMD

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .

Apps (applications)

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

Cache

One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app.

Cleanup

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

Clock rate

The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called ___.

Color depth

A personal computer with a separate system unit (chassis or tower) and a relatively large footprint is called a ___.

Desktop

Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

Disk cache

Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).

False

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.

L1

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a ___.

Mainframe

The devices shown in the image (iPod, Chromecast, Roku, etc.) are referred to as Personal ___ Players.

Media

In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the ___.

Monitor/screen/display

___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.

Overclocking

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.

Personal

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

Processing

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

The person in the image is installing ____ into a laptop computer.

RAM

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal ___ Bus.

Serial

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___.

Server

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

Single-core processor

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

Smartphone

The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2 - process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide ___

Storage/ability to store

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

System

A highly mobile, touch-screen enabled device that is larger than a smartphone and popular with those who use a computer while walking around is a ___ computer.

Tablet

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.

Gigabytes

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players. - All-in-one computers are hinged computers. - An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. - All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor. - All-in-one computers are designed to be highly mobile so that they can be used by people on the go.

- An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. - All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.

____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

Which three of the following devices are computers? - Modem - Laptop - Smartphone - Desktop

- Laptop - Smartphone - Desktop

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers? - Kilobytes - Terabytes - Gigabytes - Megabytes

- Terabytes - Gigabytes

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU? - The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. - The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor. - The CPU is made up of the computer's RAM and ROM. - CPU is the abbreviation for Computer Processing Unit.

- The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. - The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.

Which three of the following are external storage devices? - Universal serial bus (USB) drive - Random access memory - External hard drive - Optical (DVD) drive

- Universal serial bus (USB) drive - External hard drive - Optical (DVD) drive

Match the following: - Web Server, File Server, Network Server - Used to control access to resources on the Web, Used for data storage, Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

- Web Server - Used to control access to resources on the Web. - File Server - Used for data storage. - Network Server - Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

All-in-one

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

All-in-one

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

CPU

Hard drive ___ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

Capacity/space/size

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

Computer

This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a ___ computer.

Desktop

Match the location of the motherboard in each device. - Desktop, Laptop, Smartphone - In tower or chassis, Beneath the keyboard, Behind the touchscreen

Desktop - In tower or chassis Laptop - Beneath the keyboard. Smartphone - Behind the touchscreen

Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

Embedded

The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.

Embedded

___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer ___.

Hardware

The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___.

Hardware

Because users typically do not want the signal to pass through walls, television remotes usually use what wireless technology?

Infrared

Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market.

Intel

The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___

Intel

A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___

Keyboard

Memory located directly on the processor itself

L1 cache

Memory located next to the processor

L3 cache

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ___ computer.

Laptop

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

Laptop

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.

Machine

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

Not saved

Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.

Nvidia

This would plug into a computer's USB ___.

Port

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.

hyperthreading

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ___-core processor.

multi

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a ___.

computer/laptop

Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed? - Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. - Clock speed is measured in Megabits per second (Mbps). - Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking. - The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second.

- Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. - Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking. - The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second.

Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?

Fetch, decode, execute, and store