Chapter 2 : The Human Body
Superior
" toward the head " means what
Heart
A patient presents at the emergency department with a gunshot wound to her mediastinum. She is bleeding profusely. What major organ is probably damaged
Axillary
A patient recently diagnosed with breast cancer is scheduled for a lymph node biopsy to check for cancer spread into nearby lymph nodes. What part of the body will be checked first ?
Deep
Away from body's surface
Inferior (caudal)
Away from head or toward lower body
Anatomical position
Body erect, feet pointing toward, palms facing anteriorly, arms at side
Distal
Body part away from point of reference
Proximal
Body parts closest to point of reference
Lateral
Body parts located away from midline ( to the side)
Wrist
Carpal tunnel syndrome is due to inflammation of a nerve in this part of the body
Midsagittal
Cutting an organ into two equal halves (right and left) requires an what incison
Midsagittal (Median plane)
Divide the body into right and left halves
Frontal plane (coronal plane)
Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
Transverse (Horizontal)
Dividing the body into superior and inferior sections
Median plane
Diving the body into left and right halves
Peripheral
Extremities (arms and legs) surrounding or outer regions of body
Trendelenburg
Head of bed is lower than feet
Central
Locations near the center of the body (torso and head)
Dorsal recumbent
Lying on back with knees flexed and feet flat on bed or table
Sole of foot
Many people who stand for long periods of time suffer pain due to plantar fasciitis. Where is the pain?
Medial
Middle of midline of the body
External
Outside
Lithotomy
Patient is placed on back with feet elevated usually in stirrups
Prone
Patient lying face downward, on stomach
Supine
Patient lying face upward , on back
Superficial
Scratch on the surface of the skin is called an _____ wound
Fowler's
Sitting in bed with head of bed elevated
Internal
Structures on inside
Abdominopelvic cavity
The cavity that contains digestive organs such as stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen
Pericardial cavity
The cavity that contains the heart
Thoracic cavity
The cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and large blood vessels
Posterior and Anterior
The frontal plane divides the body into which sections
Thoracic
The mediastinum is a subdivision of which cavity?
Superior
The nose is ______ to the mouth
Transverse
The plane that divided the body into superior and inferior regions is called
Heart, lungs, and esophagus
The thoracic cavity contains what organs?
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward back of body
Superficial
Toward body's surface
Anterior (ventral)
Toward front of body
Superior (cranial/cephalic)
Toward head or upper body
Anterior
What is another term for ventral
Cranial and spinal
What is in the dorsal cavity
Popliteal region
What is the clinical name For behind the knees?
Occipital
What is the clinical name for back of the head
Diaphragm
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
Lungs
What structures are confined in the pleural cavities?
Antecubital
What term refers to the area anterior to the elbow, marked by a slight depression?
Right and left upper quadrants
Where are the kidneys? ( What quadrants?)
Armpit
Where is the axillary located?
Pelvic
Which cavity are the reproductive organs in?
Cranial
Which cavity is the brain in
Pericardial
Which cavity is the heart in?
Thoracic
Which cavity is the lungs in
Spinal
Which cavity is the spinal cord in
Abdominopelvic
Which cavity is the stomach in
Proximal
Which is nearest to the point of origin?
Transverse
Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
Fowler's
Which position is best for eating in a hospital bed
Prone
Which position is best for giving a back massage
Supine
Which position is best for watching the stars at night
Fowler's
Which position is best for watching tv
Left upper
Which quadrant is the spleen in?
Superficial
Wound near surface
