Chapter 2 : The Human Body

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Superior

" toward the head " means what

Heart

A patient presents at the emergency department with a gunshot wound to her mediastinum. She is bleeding profusely. What major organ is probably damaged

Axillary

A patient recently diagnosed with breast cancer is scheduled for a lymph node biopsy to check for cancer spread into nearby lymph nodes. What part of the body will be checked first ?

Deep

Away from body's surface

Inferior (caudal)

Away from head or toward lower body

Anatomical position

Body erect, feet pointing toward, palms facing anteriorly, arms at side

Distal

Body part away from point of reference

Proximal

Body parts closest to point of reference

Lateral

Body parts located away from midline ( to the side)

Wrist

Carpal tunnel syndrome is due to inflammation of a nerve in this part of the body

Midsagittal

Cutting an organ into two equal halves (right and left) requires an what incison

Midsagittal (Median plane)

Divide the body into right and left halves

Frontal plane (coronal plane)

Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

Transverse (Horizontal)

Dividing the body into superior and inferior sections

Median plane

Diving the body into left and right halves

Peripheral

Extremities (arms and legs) surrounding or outer regions of body

Trendelenburg

Head of bed is lower than feet

Central

Locations near the center of the body (torso and head)

Dorsal recumbent

Lying on back with knees flexed and feet flat on bed or table

Sole of foot

Many people who stand for long periods of time suffer pain due to plantar fasciitis. Where is the pain?

Medial

Middle of midline of the body

External

Outside

Lithotomy

Patient is placed on back with feet elevated usually in stirrups

Prone

Patient lying face downward, on stomach

Supine

Patient lying face upward , on back

Superficial

Scratch on the surface of the skin is called an _____ wound

Fowler's

Sitting in bed with head of bed elevated

Internal

Structures on inside

Abdominopelvic cavity

The cavity that contains digestive organs such as stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen

Pericardial cavity

The cavity that contains the heart

Thoracic cavity

The cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and large blood vessels

Posterior and Anterior

The frontal plane divides the body into which sections

Thoracic

The mediastinum is a subdivision of which cavity?

Superior

The nose is ______ to the mouth

Transverse

The plane that divided the body into superior and inferior regions is called

Heart, lungs, and esophagus

The thoracic cavity contains what organs?

Posterior (dorsal)

Toward back of body

Superficial

Toward body's surface

Anterior (ventral)

Toward front of body

Superior (cranial/cephalic)

Toward head or upper body

Anterior

What is another term for ventral

Cranial and spinal

What is in the dorsal cavity

Popliteal region

What is the clinical name For behind the knees?

Occipital

What is the clinical name for back of the head

Diaphragm

What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

Lungs

What structures are confined in the pleural cavities?

Antecubital

What term refers to the area anterior to the elbow, marked by a slight depression?

Right and left upper quadrants

Where are the kidneys? ( What quadrants?)

Armpit

Where is the axillary located?

Pelvic

Which cavity are the reproductive organs in?

Cranial

Which cavity is the brain in

Pericardial

Which cavity is the heart in?

Thoracic

Which cavity is the lungs in

Spinal

Which cavity is the spinal cord in

Abdominopelvic

Which cavity is the stomach in

Proximal

Which is nearest to the point of origin?

Transverse

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

Fowler's

Which position is best for eating in a hospital bed

Prone

Which position is best for giving a back massage

Supine

Which position is best for watching the stars at night

Fowler's

Which position is best for watching tv

Left upper

Which quadrant is the spleen in?

Superficial

Wound near surface


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