Chapter 23 Digestive system

Which of the following describes gastric function?

All of the above

Which group is incorrect?

Biliary tree structures: cystic duct, portal vein, common bile duct

Which of the following does not directly connect to the duodenum?

Cecum

Which of the following is a hormone?

Cholecytokinin

Which of the following form(s) the large intestine?

Colon

Which of the following is true of lipase?

Digests fats

The wall of which structure secretes the disaccharidases?

Duodenum

Which condition is associated with the base of the esophagus, fundus of the stomach, and diaphragm?

Hiatal hernia

Which of the following is true of the salivary glands?

Include the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.

Which of the following is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices?

Increased portal vein pressure

Which of the following does not communicate with the common bile duct?

Portal vein

Which condition is most likely to be caused by pyloric stenosis?

Projectile vomiting

Which enzyme is found in saliva?

Ptyalin

Which of the following is true of the appendix

RLQ

Which of the following is (are) true of cholecystokinin (CCK)?

Secreted by the walls of the duodenum in response to the presence of fat

Which of the following is not a function of the liver?

Secretes cholecystokinin and secretin

Which group is incorrect?

Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum

Which structure is located between the common bile duct and the duodenum?

Sphincter of Oddi

Which of the following produces amino acids as its end product of digestion?

Trypsin

Which statement is true?

Trypsin is an enzyme that digests protein.

Which of the following is characteristic of bile?

Two of the above

The canaliculi, hepatic duct, and cystic duct

Two of the above are true.

The pancreas

Two of the above are true.

What is the most important nerve of the digestive tract?

Vagus

Which of the following produces the disaccharides as its end products of digestion?

amylase

Pain in the RLQ is most characteristic of

appendicitis

The cystic duct, common bile duct, and hepatic ducts

are parts of the biliary tree

The splenic flexure does not involve the

ascending colon

Which structure is located between the cecum and the transverse colon

ascending colon

Cholecystokinin regulates the secretion of

bile

Emulsification is most associated with which substance?

bile

The liver lobule secretes

bile

Fat digestion is accomplished by

bile and lipase

Relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi allows

bile to enter the duodenum from the common bile duct

The appendix

can rupture and cause peritonitis.

The appendix is attached to which structure?

cecum

The stomach mixes and mashes a bolus of food that is called

chyme

The sigmoid is part of the

colon

The gallbladder

contracts in response to cholecystokinin.

The stomach

delivers chyme to the duodenum.

Amylases

digest carbohydrates.

Lipases, proteases, and amylases are

digestive enzymes

Lactose intolerance is a _____ problem.

disaccharidase

Sucrase, maltase, and lactase are

disaccharidases

The ampulla of Vater and the sphincter of Oddi are located between the common bile duct and what structure?

duodenum

The common bile duct empties its contents into the

duodenum

The wall of which structure secretes cholecystokinin?

duodenum

What is the site of most chemical digestion?

duodenum

Which structure contains the villi, microvilli, and brush border cells?

duodenum

What is the site of absorption for most end products of digestion

duodenum and jejunum

The common bile duct

empties bile into the duodenum.

Which flap of tissue prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages?

epiglottis

Which of the following is caused by portal hypertension?

esophageal varices

The hepatic flexure does not involve the

esophagus

What is the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?

esophagus

Chyle and bile are most related to

fat and lacteal.

The elimination of gas that is produced during digestion and released from the anus is called

flatulence

Which surgical procedure is most likely to cause dumping syndrome?

gastrectomy

Gingiva refers to the

gums

Gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin are

hormones

Peristalsis

is caused by contraction of smooth muscle.

The duodenum

is the site where most digestion and absorption occur.

Obstruction of the common bile duct causes

jaundice

Chyle is found in the

lacteals

The cecum is part of the

large intestine

The cecum, colon, and rectum are parts of which structure?

large intestine

The portal vein carries blood that is rich in digestive end products to which organ?

liver

The word hepatic refers to the

liver

This organ synthesizes clotting factors, stores vitamins, detoxifies drugs, and helps regulate blood glucose levels.

liver

What is the chief organ of drug detoxification?

liver

Which organ produces bile and secretes it into the hepatic ducts?

liver

What is the sphincter that allows food to enter the stomach from the esophagus?

lower esophageal sphincter

Which structure prevents gastric reflux?

lower esophageal sphincter

Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?

mechanical digestion

Impaired hepatic function

often causes plasma drug levels to increase to toxic concentrations

Which membrane resembles an apron draped over the abdominal organs?

omentum

Which of the following refers to the roof of the mouth?

palate

Bile is not found in which structure?

pancreas

Which organ secretes the most potent of the digestive enzymes?

pancreas

A paralytic ileus is caused by a cessation of

peristalsis

Which of the following best describes why food moves through the digestive system from the mouth toward the anus?

peristalsis

Which of the following is most related to esophageal reflux?

pyrosis

Which of the following structures allow(s) the stomach to expand?

rugae

Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular refer to

salivary glands.

Hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, and gastrin are

secreted by the stomach.

Paralytic ileus is the

slowing or cessation of GI motility

A drug that blocks vagal activity

slows GI motility and reduces GI secretion

Which of the following best describes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?

small intestine

The vagus nerve

speeds up gut motility and secretion

An antacid drug exerts its effect in the

stomach

Food moves through the esophagus to the

stomach

The fundus, body, and pylorus are parts of the

stomach

The primary function of which organ is to deliver chyme to the duodenum at the proper rate?

stomach

The pyloric sphincter is located between the duodenum and what structure?

stomach

Deglutition refers to

swallowing

Deciduous, baby, and milk are descriptive for which structure(s)?

teeth

Enamel, dentin, and cementum are related to which structure?

tooth

Which of the following is a digestive enzyme?

trypsin

Which of the following is least characteristic of glucose?

trypsin

Which of the following is least related to fat digestion?

trypsin