Chapter 25- Urinary System- Label, Match, T/F, Fill in

4) Fill in the blank- The area between the ureters and urethra is called the ________ in a bladder.

trigone

1) Fill in the blank- The capillary bed that surrounds the descending and ascending loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons is called the ________.

vasa recta

10) True/False- In the absence of hormones, the distal tubule and collecting ducts are relatively impermeable to water.

TRUE

12) True/False- The urethra contains an internal sphincter of smooth muscle.

TRUE

14) True/False- Aldosterone is a hormone that causes the renal tubules to reclaim sodium ions from the filtrate.

TRUE

18) True/False- Incontinence is the inability to control voluntary micturition

TRUE

17) Match the following- Proximal convoluted tubule. A) Site at which most of the tubular reabsorption occurs. B) Blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells. C) Site of filtrate formation. D) Site that drains the distal convoluted tubule.

A

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 2) Afferent arteriole

A

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 6) Structure most closely associated with granular cells

A

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 9) Is composed of simple squamous epithelium

A

19) Match the following- Peritubular capillaries A) Site at which most of the tubular reabsorption occurs. B) Blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells. C) Site of filtrate formation. D) Site that drains the distal convoluted tubule.

B

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 3) Collecting duct

B

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 8) Podocyte

B

18) Match the following- Glomerulus A) Site at which most of the tubular reabsorption occurs. B) Blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells. C) Site of filtrate formation. D) Site that drains the distal convoluted tubule.

C

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 1) Glomerulus

C

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 10) Collecting duct cells

C

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 15) Cells that are most affected by ADH

C

20) Match the following- Collecting duct A) Site at which most of the tubular reabsorption occurs. B) Blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells. C) Site of filtrate formation. D) Site that drains the distal convoluted tubule.

D

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 5) Peritubular capillaries

D

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 11a) Distal convoluted tubule cells

D

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 16) Almost no water is absorbed in these cells

D

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 4) Loop of Henle

E

Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 7) Medulla of the kidney

E

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 11) Proximal convoluted tubule cells

E

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 12) Filtrate at the site of these cells is about the same osmolarity as blood plasma

E

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 13) Cells that are the most active in reabsorbing the filtrate

E

Using Figure 25.2, match the following: 14) Cells that reabsorb virtually all the nutrients

E

1) True/False- If the GFR is too low, needed substances may pass so quickly through the renal tubules that they are not absorbed and instead are lost in the urine.

FALSE

11) True/False- The collecting duct is impermeable to water in the presence of ADH.

FALSE

13) True/False- Angiotensin II is a substance made by the body to lower blood pressure during stress.

FALSE

15) True/False- Blood pressure in the renal glomerulus is lower than in most parts of the body in order to conserve body water.

FALSE

16) True/False- The proximal convoluted tubule is the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct.

FALSE

17) True/False- Urea is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle

FALSE

19) True/False- The myogenic mechanism reflects the tendency of vascular smooth muscle to stretch.

FALSE

20) True/False- An excessive urine output is called anuria.

FALSE

22) True/False- The trigone is so named because of the shape of the urinary bladder.

FALSE

24) True/False- The macula densa cells are chemoreceptors that respond to changes in the urea content of the filtrate.

FALSE

27) True/False- Having a kinked ureter is called renal ptosis

FALSE

9) True/False- Glomerular filtration is an ATP-driven process

FALSE

2) True/False- In the kidneys, the countercurrent mechanism involves the interaction between the flow of filtrate through the loop of Henle of the juxtamedullary nephrons (the countercurrent multiplier) and the flow of blood through the limbs of adjacent blood vessels (the countercurrent exchanger). This relationship establishes and maintains an osmotic gradient extending from the cortex through the depths of the medulla that allows the kidneys to vary urine concentration dramatically

TRUE

21) True/False- Tubular secretion is effective in controlling blood pH.

TRUE

23) True/False- Atrial naturetic peptide inhibits sodium reabsorption.

TRUE

25) True/False- Blood in the urine may be a symptom of bladder cancer.

TRUE

26) True/False- Obligatory water reabsorption involves the movement of water along an osmotic gradient.

TRUE

3) True/False- The ureter transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

TRUE

4) True/False- Water reabsorption through the proximal convoluted tubule is termed obligatory water reabsorption, whereas water reabsorption through the distal convoluted tubule is termed facultative water reabsorption

TRUE

5) True/False- The position of the kidneys behind the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity is described by the term retroperitoneal.

TRUE

6) True/False- The entire responsibility for urine formation lies with the nephron.

TRUE

7) True/False- Urine is 95% water by volume.

TRUE

8) True/False- The act of emptying the bladder is called voiding

TRUE

6) Fill in the blank- The presence of pus in the urine is a condition called ________.

pyuria

5) Fill in the blank- The ________ mechanism is the general tendency of vascular smooth muscle to contract when stretched.

myogenic

3) Fill in the blank- The need to get up in the middle of the night to urinate is called ________.

nocturia

7) Fill in the blank- Sodium-linked water flow across a membrane is called ________ water reabsorption.

obligatory

2) Fill in the blank- Urine crystals in the renal pelvis are called ________.

renal calculi