Chapter 26: Reproduction Part 3
How long does it take a fertilized zygote to reach the uterus after fertilization
4 days
When does implantation normally occur
7 days after fertilization
What is true or hCG
allows corpus luteum to continue producing progesterone which tapers as the placenta begins to produce it; stimulates fetal testes to produce testosterone; it is the main chemical detected by pregnancy test kits
What are the main materials that a newborn receives from colostrum
antibodies
A hollow ball of cells formed from a zygote is called
blastocyst
The outer later of the blastocyst forms the _____ while the inner layer forms the _____
chorion; embryo
What are the fingerlike projections of the preplacental cells that penetrate the endometrium
chorionic villi
What is the thin, low-fat secretion produced by mothers immediately after birth
colostrum
How do the blood vessels of the chorionic villi come in direct contact with maternal blood
enzymes from chorionic villi break down maternal BVs
The placenta takes over production of what two hormones from the corpus luteum as the fetus develops
estrogen and progesterone
If a woman does not breastfeed her child, it cannot receive antibodies from her and will not develop immunities; true or false
false
In the wall of the placenta, maternal and embryonic blood mix freely; true or false
false
Mammary glands enlarge and begin to produce milk as a result of estrogen and progesterone; true or false
false
The placenta receives the majority of maternal cardiac output; true or false
false
The signal that starts the onset of parturition are well known to scientist who study it; true or false
false
What are important ingredients contained in mothers milk
fat, sugar, water, protein and vitamins
What processes occur between the chorionic villi and maternal blood in the uterus
gas, nutrient and waste exchange
What are symptoms of menopause
hot flashes and reduction in breast size
Why would milk production be considered as excretion rather than secretion
its going to the outside of the body
What are the possible complications of abnormal/premature separation of the placenta
massive blood loss and death
The ceasing of menstrual cycles in later years is referred to as
menopause
What is the scientific term for the birth process
parturition
What type of mechanism controls the progress of parturition
positive feedback loops
What secretory structure controls milk production? how
prolactin via the anterior pituitary
How does the blastocyst become embedded in the wall of the endometrium
secretes enzymes (like parasite)
What are the effects of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy
suppress ovulation; helps develop breasts for milk production; prevents premature contractions of the uterus
The production and movement of milk is similar to the production and movement of
sweat
Why is SERM therapy better than estrogen replacement in post menopausal woman
there are no detrimental effects on breasts and uterus like with estrogen replacement therapy
Both oxytocin and CRH are possible causes of the onset of parturition; true or false
true
Immunity is conferred from the mother to the offspring both before and after birth; true or false
true
The placenta is a structure grown by the mother to assist her developing fetus receive the nutrients it need; true or false
true
The way that a growing fetus receives nutrients from its mother is exactly the same way that a parasite receives its nutrients from a host; true or false
true
The way that antibodies move into the fetal blood is similar to how nutrients move into its blood; true or false
true
What is the sequence of vessels that fetal blood moves through as it leaves the fetus and then returns
umbilical arteries to placental capillaries and back to umbilical veins
