Chapter 28. The Female Reproductive System (Sections 1-4) Homework Assignment

Place the following structures in the order that they carry an unfertilized ovum from production to the body's exterior.

1. Ovary 2. Infundibulum 3. Ampulla 4. Isthmus 5. Fundus 6. Body 7. Cervical canal 8. Opening of cervix 9. Vagina 10. Vaginal orifice

Read each of the descriptions below. Then, click and drag each to the appropriate category to identify whether it pertains to the male sexual response, the female sexual response, or both.

Female: orgasmic platform, tenting effect Male: Orgasm presents gametes, refractory period after orgasm Both: possible ejaculation, postorgasmic perspiration, erectile tissue, vasocongestion

Read each of the descriptions below. Then, click and drag each into the appropriate category to identify whether it pertains to climacteric or menopause.

Oogenesis begins before a girl is born with the formation of oogonia from germ cells. Oogonia multiply until the fifth month. Within six months after birth, each will transform into a primary oocyte. Most of these will degenerate, a process called atresia. In adolescence, FSH stimulates primary oocytes to complete meiosis I, resulting in a polar body and a secondary oocyte. If the secondary oocyte is ovulated and fertilized, it will undergo meiosis II and be ready to donate its DNA to an offspring.

Complete each of the following statements by dragging the word or phrase into the proper position.

The earliest noticeable sign of puberty is thelarche, the onset of breast development. This is soon followed by pubarche, the appearance of pubic and axillary hair, sebaceous glands, and axillary glands. The very first menstrual bleeding is termed menarche. A midlife change when hormone secretion begins to wane is called the climacteric. This leads to the permanent cessation of menstrual cycles called menopause.

Complete each of the following statements by dragging the word or phrase into the proper position.

The female external genitalia, as well as the anus, are contained within an area known as the perineum. The anterior boundary is the pubic symphysis. The posterior landmark of the perineum is the inferiormost section of the coccyx. The four bony landmarks can be bisected by drawing a line between the ischial tuberosities, resulting in an anterior and posterior triangle. The anterior triangle is known as the urogenital triangle because of the location of the urethral orifice and the reproductive organs. The posterior triangle is known as the anal triangle and is defined by the ischial tuberosities and the coccyx.

In order to complete each sentence, click and drag each word or phrase from the left into the appropriate blank on the right.

A female is born with approximately 2 million eggs, each within its own follicle. When there are about 1,000 follicles left, climacteric begins. The remaining follicles secrete less estrogen and progesterone. The uterus, vagina, and breasts then begin to atrophy. Sudden vasodilation of cutaneous arteries may cause hot flashes.

Complete each of the following statements by dragging the word or phrase into the proper position.

Secretions of the female reproductive system mostly serve to lubricate the reproductive organs involved with intercourse. The mucosa located on the wall of the vagina produce a serous fluid called vaginal transudate. The greater vestibular glands are similar to the bulbourethral glands of the male and deposit fluids into the vestibule and the labia minora. Additional lesser vestibular glands are located more anteriorly and secrete fluids onto the vestibule near the clitoris.

Complete each of the following statements by dragging the word or phrase into the proper position.

The hypothalamus secretes GnRH, resulting in secretion of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. FSH in females circulates to the ovaries where it induces folliculogenesis. As a result, granulosa cells within a developing follicle secrete estrogen. Rising levels of this hormone then induce the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. A spike in LH then causes ovulation, after which the remaining follicle cells form a corpus luteum. The corpus luteum then secretes progesterone, which moves the uterus into its last stage before menses.