Chapter 3 AP Bio

A. always contain carbon

Organic compounds A. always contain carbon B. are synthesized by only animal cells C. always contain nitrogen D. always contain oxygen

B. hydrolysis

The results of dehydration synthesis can be reversed by A. condensation B. hydrolysis C. polymerization D. the addition of an amino group

D. AGCTACC

What is the complementary sequence to the DNA stramd TCGATGG? A. TCGATCC B. GGTAGCT C. AGCUACC D. AGCTACC

A. two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis

A disaccharide forms when A. two monosaccharides join by dehydration synthesis B. two starches join by dehydration synthesis C. two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis D. two starches join by hydrolysis

D. polysaccharide

A molecule with the formula C55H110O55 is probably a(n) A. oil B. steroid C. protein D. polysaccharide

B. the chemical properties of their R groups

Amino acids can be distinguished from one another by A. the number of R groups found on the amino acid molecules B. the chemical properties of their R groups C. the type of bond between the R group and the rest of the amino acid molecule D. the chemical properties of their amino and carboxyl groups

A. unsaturated

Fatty acids with double bonds between some of their carbons are said to be A. unsaturated B. saturated C. completely hydrogenated D. monoglycerides

B. amino acids

Glucose molecules are to starch as _____ are to proteins A. oils B. amino acids C. fatty acids D. monosaccharides

B. amino group to carboxyl group

How are these two amino acids attached together? A.amino group to amino group B. amino group to carboxyl group C. carboxylic group to carboxylic acid group D. through a hydrolysis reaction

B. -ose

Many names for sugars end in the suffix A. -acid B. -ose C. -hyde D. -ase

D. link amino acids

Peptide bonds A. are used to form amino acids B. form between fatty acids C. are formed by a hydrolysis reaction D. link amino acids

C. freezing

Proteins cannot be denatured by A. heat B. changes in pH C. freezing D. changes in salt concentration

A. the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein

Proteins differ from one another because A. the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein B. the peptide binds linking amino acids differ from protein to protein C. each protein contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules D. the number of nucleotides founds in each protein varies from moleule to molecule

A. CH2O

The molecular formula of most monosaccharides represents a multiple of A. CH2O B. CH3O C. CHO D. CHO2

B. the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain

The primary structure of a protein is A. an alpha helix or a pleated sheet B. the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain C. composed of two or more polypeptide chains D. maintained by hydrogen bonds

D. glycogen; starch

The storage form of carbohydrates is _______ in animals and ________ in plants A. starch; glycogen B. glycogen; cellulose C. cellulose; glycogen D. glycogen; starch

D. to speed up chemical reactions

What is the general function of enzymes within a cell? A.to promote the synthesis B. to induce chemical reactions C. to stop chemical reactions D. to speed up chemical reactions

A. amino acid

Which of the following contains a carboxyl and an amino group? A. amino acid B. fat C. sugar D. vinegar

B. DNA, nucleotides

Which of the following correctly pairs a polymer and its monomer? A. cellulose, amino acids B. DNA, nucleotides C. collagen, nucleic aacids D. RNA ribose

D. -COOH

Which of the following is a carboxyl group? A.-C-O B. -OH C. -NH2 D. -COOH

C. fungi and insects

Which of the following organisms contain the polysaccharide chitin? A. animals and plants B. plants and bacteria C. fungi and insects D. insects and plants

A. hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds

Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false? A. hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds B. hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atom C. hydrocarbons consist of atoms linked by single and double bonds D. hydrocarbons can form straight, branched or ringed structures

B. carbon has the ability to bond with up to six other atoms

Which of the following statements regarding carbon is false? A. carbon has a tendency to form covalent bonds B. carbon has the ability to bond with up to six other atoms C. carbon has the capacity to form single and double bonds D. carbon has the ability to bond together to form branched, or unbranched "carbon skeletons"

C. an enzyme

Which of the following would be correctly classified as a protein? A. chlesterol B. starch C. an enzyme D. cellulose

A. -NH2

Which on of the following is an amino group? A. -NH2 B. -OH C. -COOH D. -CO

C. cellulose, starch, and glycogen

Which one of the following lists contains only polysaccharides? A. sucrose, starch, and cellulose B. starch, amino acids, and glycogen C. cellulose, starch, and glycogen D. fructose, cellulose, and glucose

D. they are monomers used to build proteins

Which one of the following statements about enzymes is false? A. they increase the rate of chemical reactions B. they function as chemical catalysts C. they regulate virtually all chemical reactions in a cell D. they are monomers used to build proteins

D. Monomers are joined together by the process of hydrolysis

Which one of the following statements about the monomers and polymers found in living organisms is false? A. cells typically make all of their macromolecules from a set of 40-50 common monomers and a few other ingredients that are rare B. The monomers used to make polymers are essentially universal C. Monomers serve as building blocks for polymers D. Monomers are joined together by the process of hydrolysis

C. steroids

Which one of the following substances is made of lipids? A. DNA B. cellulose C. steroids D. enzymes

C. monosaccharides

Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein. After eating a Yummie cake, what molecule do you expect to be most abundant in your digestive system? A. amino acids B. cellulose C. monosaccharides D. triglycerides

A. the protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment

Your first big biology exam is coming up in a few days, and in order to prepare for late-night study sessions, you buy a box of Yummies, a delicious type of snack cake. After checking out the nutrition facts label on the side of the box, you discover that a single Yummie cake contains 4.5 grams of total fat, 27 grams of carbohydrate, 0 grams of fiber, and 1 gram of protein. The pH of the stomach is extremely acidic (~ pH 2). If you ate a Yummie cake, what do you think would happen to the protein that you ingested as it passes through the stomach? A. the protein would become denatured due to the acidic environment B. The protein would form longer proteins via dehydration synthesis reactions C. The protein would speed up digestion because it is an enzyme D. The protein would get broken down via dehydration synthesis reactions