Chapter 32 Orthopedic Injuries

14. You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a dislocated shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious anterior bulge to the area of injury. You should: A) assess distal pulse, motor, and sensory functions. B) gently attempt to move his arm toward his body. C) place a pillow under his arm and apply a swathe. D) flex his arm at the elbow and then apply a sling.

A

1. A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n): A) total loss of function in a bone. B) break in the continuity of the bone. C) disruption in the midshaft of a bone. D) abnormality in the structure of a bone.

B

11. Bone marrow produces: A) cartilage. B) blood cells. C) lymphocytes. D) electrolytes.

B

13. A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a __________ fracture. A) greenstick B) pathologic C) transverse D) comminuted

B

9. Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain? A) Cardiac B) Skeletal C) Smooth D) Autonomic

B

10. Atrophy is a condition that occurs when: A) increased use of skeletal muscle causes an increase in its strength. B) the tendons that attach muscle to bone become stretched or injured. C) muscle decreases in size and function. D) carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other wastes accumulate in the muscle.

C

2. With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the: A) area of obvious deformity over the site of impact. B) exact part of the bone or joint that was disrupted. C) area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury. D) part of the body that sustained secondary injury.

C

6. In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity? A) When distal circulation and neurological functions are absent B) If transport time to the hospital is greater than 20 to 30 minutes C) If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain D) If a traction splint will be used to immobilize the injured extremity

C

12. Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called: A) bursa. B) tendons. C) cartilage. D) ligaments.

D

15. When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed: A) into a fist. B) in a straight position. C) in an extended position. D) in a functional position.

D

3. An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which: A) bone ends protrude through the skin. B) a large laceration overlies the fracture. C) a bullet shatters the underlying bone. D) the overlying skin is no longer intact.

D

4. A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should: A) apply manual stabilization to both of her femurs. B) administer oxygen and perform a rapid assessment. C) assess for a carotid pulse and assist her ventilations. D) stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.

D

5. A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should: A) assess distal pulses as well as sensory and motor functions. B) manually stabilize the leg above and below the site of injury. C) gently manipulate the injured leg until the numbness dissipates. D) control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing.

D

7. The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is: A) aggravation of the injury or worsened pain. B) reduction in circulation distal to the injury site. C) compression of nerves, tissues, and vasculature. D) delaying transport of a critically injured patient.

D

8. A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the: A) pelvic girdle. B) femoral shaft. C) pubic symphysis. D) proximal femur.

D