Chapter 4 Activities

Place theory states that

each frequency produces vibrations at a particular spot on the basilar membrane.

Jamie scored low on the sensation seeking index. He would find the sensory deprivation challenge

fairly tolerable.

The principle by which individuals organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out and those that are left over is called the

figure-ground relationship.

The number of full sound waves or cycles per second is called

frequency.

Information about movement, posture, and orientation is provided via the ______ senses.

kinesthetic

The ____________ senses provide information about movement, posture, and orientation.

kinesthetic

Differences in both the timing and intensity helps us _________ a sound.

localize

High sensation seekers tend to have ______ of MAO in their bloodstream compared with low sensation seekers.

low levels

Pressure against the skin is called __________ energy.

mechanical

Our eyes capture light __________ much like a camera.

mechanically

The simultaneous distribution of information across different neural pathways is called _____.

parallel processing

Middle Ear

Eardrum Hammer, anvil, and stirrup

__________ is the number of full sound wavelength cycles that pass through a point in a given time.

Frequency

The theory of hearing that states that each frequency produces vibrations at a particular spot on the basilar membrane is known as

place theory.

Light enters the eyeball and hits cells on the back of the __________ creating a crude blurry image.

retina

The process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment and transforming those energies into neural energy is known as _____.

sensation

The personality dimension that refers to the tendency to seek out thrilling and exciting activities, to take risks, and to avoid boredom is known as

sensation seeking.

Researchers in _________ and ________ may conduct research in broad areas like audiology, ophthalmology, and neurology.

sense; perception

The specialized cells that detect stimulus information and transmit it to afferent nerves and the brain are called ______ ____________

sensory; receptors

The theory that focuses on decision making about stimuli in the presence of uncertainty is _____ theory.

signal detection

The absolute threshold is the __________ amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect.

smallest

The absolute threshold is the _____.

smallest intensity of a stimulus that must be present for the stimulus to be detected half of the time

The sound reaching one ear is more intense than the sound reaching the other ear because of the _______ __________.

sound; shadow

The _____ theory of color vision outlines three types of cones that work together to form color vision.

trichromatic

The figure-ground relationship is the principle by which

we organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out (figure) and those that are left over (background).

Which of the following researchers has spent more than 30 years researching the personality trait that he has come to call "sensation seeking"?

Marvin Zuckerman

______ energy represents pressure against the skin.

Mechanical

Sensation and perception researchers represent a broad range of specialties, including which of the following?

Ophthalmology Audiology Neurology

______ __________theory focuses on decision making about stimuli under the condition of uncertainty.

Signal; detection

Papillae are bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds, the receptors for taste.

TRUE

Sensory receptors are specialized cells that detect stimulus information and transmit it to sensory (afferent) nerves and the brain.

TRUE

In the "Set It Off" Challenge, participants watched a video, and many of them missed the gorilla that walked across the screen. Why did they miss such an obvious occurrence?

They were focused on counting the number of passes the basketball players in yellow made to each other, while trying to ignore the players in dark blue.

The nerve that carries neural impulses to the area of the brain that processes sound is called the

auditory nerve.

Why do we tend to pay attention to one thing at a time in our visual field?

Because there is a limit to how much visual information our brain can process.

Which of the following is an example of sensory adaptation?

Becoming used to the sound of a bubbling aquarium after spending an hour in the room with it

___________ is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment.

Sensation

What is the process of focusing awareness on a narrowed aspect of the environment called?

Attention

_____________ is the process of focusing awareness on a narrowed aspect of the environment.

Attention

The ______ _______ carries neural impulses to the area of the brain that processes sound.

Auditory; Nerve

Which of the following everyday practices have a protective effect on vision?

Avoiding high-fat foods Eating a diet rich in vitamins A, E, and C

Which of the following statements regarding light are correct?

It is described in terms of wavelength. It is a form of electromagnetic energy. It travels in waves.

_____________ is a form of electromagnetic energy that can be described in terms of wavelengths.

Light

Inner Ear

Oval window Cochlea Basilar membrane

_____________ processing is the simultaneous distribution of information across different neural pathways.

Parallel

Which of the following is part of the outer ear?

Pinna

Outer Ear

Pinna Auditory canal

Sensory adaptation is _____.

a change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level of surrounding stimulation