Web Design Midterm
how you comment in CSS
/* comment */
(see 1st directory) How many hidden files are displayed?
1 (file names that start with a dot → .DS_Store)
The "Desktop Metaphor" was invented in 1970 by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC Sir Tim Berners Lee at CERN in 1989 Vannevar Bush of the US Office for Scientific Research in 1945 Sergei Brin at Google in 2007
1970 by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC
The hexadecimal number 1b is the same as the decimal number... 11 21 27 111
27
(see 1st directory) How many directories are in this listing? 0 2 9 10
9 (start with 'dr')
The tag used to indicate the version of HTML used by any given hypertext document is... <html> <!DOCTYPE> <cite> <div>
<!DOCTYPE>
Which is the correct code for a link from a page hosted on the i6.cims.nyu.edu server to Wikipedia.org's home page? <a href="/wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a> <a href="www.wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a> <a href="wikipedia.org/index.html">Click to go to Wikipedia</a> <a href="http://wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a> <a href="sftp://wikipedia.org/index.html">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
<a href="http://wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
how to stop other content from piling up on the nav and image (when using div)
<div class = "clear" />
Which type of HTML element(s) could the following CSS code select for? header div.pub h1#magazine_heading { ... } <header> <div> <h1> <header>, <div>, and <h1>
<h1> (the last thing in the list of elements)
give a list tag an id
<li id ="item3" >
The HTML element used to indicate a set of navigation links is... <a> <li> <ul> <nav>
<nav>
The important distinction when choosing between <ol> and <ul> elements when writing HTML code is... <ol> lists have default padding-left of 10px, while <ul> lists do not Items in <ol> lists have numbers whereas items in <ul> lists have bullets <ol> lists contain items with an important order, whereas <ul> lists do not <ol> lists can be customized to show Armenian characters instead of bullet points, whereas <ul> lists cannot. There is no distinction between <ol> and <ul> elements in HTML
<ol> lists contain items with an important order, whereas <ul> lists do not
The tag used to indicate the most important content on a given web page is... <h1> <aside> <section> <header>
<section> (or <article>)
Which technology innovator was the first major figure to take a public stand against the free sharing of software? Vannevar Bush Alan Kay Bill Gates Metallica Mark Zuckerberg
Bill Gates
The hexadecimal code #0000ff represents which color in CSS? Blue Red Green Fuchsia None of the above
Blue (First 2 #s = how much red, second 2 #s = Green, 3rd 2 #s = blue (RRGGBB))
how to return to home directory
Cd
taking read permission away from everyone else
Chmod o - r
giving everyone else read permissions
Chmod o+r
HTML is intended to be used to indicate... (select all that apply) content presentation interactive behavior responsive design
Content
All operating systems include a Graphical User Interface does an operating system do? (select all that apply) That's true That's false
FALSE
GNU stands for: Generally Not Useful Got New Unix GNU's Not Unix Gimp Nodes Unite
GNU's Not Unix
The hexadecimal color code "#00ff00" represents the color: Red Green Blue Yellow
Green
Allowing users to be able to see a hamburger icon, and click it to show the primary navigation requires: HTML-only HTML and CSS HTML and Javascript Javascript-only
HTML and CSS
Which of the following are hardware? (select all that apply) Operating system Hard drive Applications Processor Display (e.g. a monitor, projector, etc)
Hard Drive Processor Display
The acronym, HTML, stands for Hyperdocument Transfer Markup Language Hidden Terminal Markdown Language Hypertext Markup Language Hypertext Transfer Markup Language
Hypertext Markup Language
What does an operating system do? (select all that apply) Interfaces with hardware Manages running processes Manages available memory Include the ability to organize data in a file system
Interfaces with hardware Manages running processes Manages available memory Include the ability to organize data in a file system
Copyleft (select all that apply) Is an official legal term in US law Is designed to respect the right of every software maker to earn a living Is encouraged by GNU Is exemplified by Linux
Is encouraged by GNU Is exemplified by Linux
Wireframe diagrams
Laying out blueprint of your page (just on paper), not drawing out your entire design
Google's Android operating system for mobile devices is based on Linux. However, Google does not pay royalties to the creators of Linux. Why is this possible? 1. It is not legal... Google is breaking copyright law, but nobody has sued them... yet. 2. Linux is released under the GNU General Public License that allows commercial reuse of the Linux code. 3. Linus Torvalds and Richard Stallman decided to grant Google a perpetual license to Linux for free, since Google gives away so much for free to the public good. 4. Sergey Brin, a founder of Google, is also the creator of the Linux kernel. Richard Stallman, the founder of GNU, has been hired by Google.
Linux is released under the GNU General Public License that allows use of the Linux code (Google is giving away their services for free)
Which of the following design trends can trace their origin to the popularity of mobile devices? ... (select all that apply) Longer scrolling web pages Larger fonts on web pages Fewer links on web pages Fewer pages on web sites
Longer scrolling web pages Larger fonts on web pages Fewer pages on web sites
Approximately what percentage of web pages are viewed by people on mobile devices? Fewer tan 25% Between 25 to 50% More than 50% More than 75% Over 100%
More than 50%
How might one create a breakpoint-based responsive design? Intelligent use of HTML inline elements Multiple CSS media queries Use of multiple <section> elements Use of percentages instead of absolute values in width settings
Multiple CSS media queries
(see 1st directory) Assuming these files are on a web server within in a directory beneath the web root, would the file, student_websites_summer2015.txt be visible through a web browser? Yes No
No → it doesn't allow others read permission on the file -rw-r-----
Global navigation:
Primary navigation → secondary navigation → tertiary navigation→ nth navigation
Three types of permission
Read permission (r) Write permission (w) Execute permission (x)
The Linux operating system was the result of a project to develop a free clone of UNIX spearheaded by Linus Torvalds Richard Stallman Steve Jobs Bill Gates
Richard Stallman
The two general categories of responsive design layouts on the web are: Tiling layouts Scaling layouts C-clamp layouts Breakpoint-based layouts Cheerio layouts
Scaling layouts Breakpoint-based layouts
The difference between serif and sans-serif fonts is... (select all that apply) Serif fonts have small decorative lines attached to the end of the stroke of letters, whereas sans-serif fonts do not. Sans-serif fonts have small decorative lines attached to the end of the stroke of letters, whereas serif fonts do not. Serif fonts can be scaled to be larger or smaller, whereas sans-serif fonts cannot. Sans-serif fonts can be scaled to be larger or smaller, whereas serif fonts cannot.
Serif fonts have small decorative lines attached to the end of the stroke of letters, whereas sans-serif fonts do not.
Sitemap: Folksonomy
Similar to Faceted Classification is the concept of a Folksonomy (or Tagsonomy). Tags are arbitrary keywords that users of many social networking sites attach as labels onto any piece of content. Folksonomies, in their purest state, are entirely user-generated, meaning that there is no top-down control or limit to the number or variety of tags that can be used.
The World Wide Web was invented by Vannevar Bush in 1945 Bill Gates in 1971 Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989 Mark Zuckerberg in 2009
Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989
By default, which of the following are default behaviors of all elements with the 'inline' display setting in CSS? (select all that apply) Stack one-on-top of the other with other elements Sit side-by-side with other elements Are only as wide as necessary to contain the content nested inside them Are as wide as possible within their container element All of the above
Sit side-by-side with other elements Are only as wide as necessary to contain the content nested inside them
Mobile devices generally have... (select all that apply) Slower internet connections than desktop devices Faster internet connections than desktop devices Smaller screens than desktop devices Larger screens than desktop devices
Slower internet connections than desktop devices Smaller screens than desktop devices
The rule in HTML that "all tags that open must close!" is important because (select all that apply) HTML 5 requires that all elements have separate closing tags, so we close our tags to be HTML 5-compliant. Some older versions of HTML still in use, such as XHTML, require that all tags be closed, so we close all tags to make our code be compliant with HTML 5 as well as earlier versions of HTML. All of the above None of the above
Some older versions of HTML still in use, such as XHTML, require that all tags be closed, so we close all tags to make our code be compliant with HTML 5 as well as earlier versions of HTML.
block elements...
Stack one on top of the other They are as wide as the page
By default, which of the following are default behaviors of all elements with the 'block' display setting in CSS? (select all that apply) Stack one-on-top of the other with other elements Sit side-by-side with other elements Are only as wide as necessary to contain the content nested inside them Are as wide as possible within their container element All of the above
Stack one-on-top of the other with other elements Are as wide as possible within their container element
All operating systems include the concept of file permissions That's true That's false
TRUE
Using a native email app on an iOS or Android phone is an example of using... The Internet The World Wide Web The Internet and The World Wide Web SFTP
The Internet → concept of global interconnected network of computers
What elements could potentially be styled by the following CSS code? (select all that apply) p#second a { font-family: sans-serif } only one p element more than one p element only one a element more than one a element
The a elements inside paragraph with second ID (more than one a element)
What will be the effect of the following CSS code on how <p> elements are rendered by the web browser? p { padding: 10px; } The internal spacing between the edge of the <p> element and the content nested within the <p> element will be set to 10 pixels. The external spacing between the edge of the <p> element and any content surrounding it will be set to 10 pixels. The border surrounding the p element will be set to be 10 pixels wide. The position of the left edge of the <p> element will be shifted to the right by 10 pixels from where it would normally be
The internal spacing between the edge of the <p> element and the content nested within the <p> element will be set to 10 pixels.
What visual result will the following style cause.... (select all that apply) h1 { text-align: center } The text within the first h1 element will be centered The text within all h1 elements will be centered The first h1 element will be centered within its containing element All h1 elements will be centered within their containing elements All of the above
The text within all h1 elements will be centered (centering text inside the element -- not the entire element)
What visual result will the following style cause.... (select all that apply) p#second { font-family: sans-serif } The text within the second p element will be displayed in the browser's default sans-serif font The text within all p elements will be displayed the browser's default sans- serif font The text within the p element with the class name "second" will be displayed the browser's default sans-serif font The text within the p element with the id "second" will be displayed the browser's default sans-serif font None of the above
The text within the p element with the id "second" will be displayed the browser's default sans-serif font
T/F: Later code will override earlier code in CSS
True
Mac OS X is really an extension of which operating system? Windows UNIX Linux MacOS9 DOS Sailfish
UNIX
The first "modern" operating system that influenced all others was... Windows UNIX Linux MacOS9 DOS
UNIX
Sitemap: Faceted Classification
Unlike in a Hierarchical Classification, a Faceted Classification allows the same information to be organized, and thereby discovered, along multiple dimensions, like a diamond that has been cut to have many faces.
Web pages are published by... Downloading them from a web server Uploading them to a web server Emailing them to a special Google email account d. Copy-and-pasting them into a Facebook Chat
Uploading them to a web server
How might one create a scaling responsive design? Intelligent use of HTML inline elements Multiple CSS media queries Use of multiple <section> elements Use of percentages instead of absolute values in width settings
Use of percentages instead of absolute values in width settings
Hypertext was first popularized by Vannevar Bush in 1945 Richard Stallman in 1970 Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989 Mark Zuckerberg in 2009
Vannevar Bush in 1945
HTML code is rendered by the... Web browser Web server
Web browser (web pages might look different in different browsers)
Proper indentation of HTML and CSS code is important because... (select all that apply) The web browsers require it The specifications of the language require it Your instructor requires it It makes your code more readable by yourself and others None of the above - indentation of HTML and CSS is not required in this course
Your instructor requires it It makes your code more readable by yourself and others
The most useful types of elements for creating the structure and general layout of all web pages are: inline elements block elements radish elements deprecated elements
block elements
display a file
cat file
how to change directory
cd
change to parent directory (go one level up)
cd ..
change to named directory
cd directory
In UNIX-based systems, which is the correct way to navigate from the current working directory into a subfolder named 'media'? cd /media cd ~/media cd ../media cd media cd public_html/media
cd media
chance to home-directory
cd or ~ cd
So-called "wrapper" or "container" elements are useful in HTML code because they help... (select all that apply) center a page as a whole make block elements sit side-by-side control the width of a page as a whole prevent links from having an underline reduce the number of pages in a site
center a page as a whole control the width of a page as a whole
Hero image
central image on a page
The command that would be used to alter the answer from the previous question would be: chmod u-w student_websites_summer2015.txt chmod o+r student_websites_summer2015.txt chmod g+x student_websites_summer2015.txt mv student_websites_summer2015 index.html
chmod o+r student_websites_summer2015.txt
The <div class="clear"> element requires the following CSS rule to be applied to it, in order for it to serve its intended purpose: float: left; width: 960px; clear: both; margin: 0 auto;
clear: both;
A good filename for any file on any operating system... (select all that apply) contains all lowercase characters includes no special characters except the "_" underscore includes a file extension includes the word "file" somewhere in the filename
contains all lowercase characters includes no special characters except the "_" underscore includes a file extension
Sitemap: Hierarchal Classification
each piece of content is only under one category
display the first few lines of a file
head file
The required attribute of the <a> element is charset rel href lang
href
Where does padding go?
inside the element you are styling (around the content)
display a file a page at a time
less file
2 ways to search for specific words in UNIX
less filename.txt /word grep word filename.txt
reference tag id in CSS
li #item3 {}
how to group selectors in CSS to apply the same style to them
li, a { style }
(see 1st directory) What command was used to generate this listing? chmod o+w ls -la ls-l cd ../
ls -la (as -l (long listing) and -a (all files, including hidden)
In UNIX-based systems, what is the command to view both hidden and non-hidden files? chmod h+r ls -a ls -h emacs cd/
ls-a (list all)
A client computer... (select all that apply) makes requests to a server computer responds to requests from a server computer is a server computer must run the UNIX or Linux operating system
makes requests to a server computer
how to make a directory
mkdir
move file from one place to another
mv file1 file2
inline elements...
next to each other It wraps (it behaves like text) Only as wide as the text itself 'A tags' are by default inline
Without the proper setting for the value of the <meta> tag's charset attribute, ... web pages will not be responsive non-latin characters may look garbled in the browser the <body> element's default margins and padding will not be overridden the title of the page will not appear in the browser's tab
non-latin characters may look garbled in the browser
Where does margin go?
outside the element you are styling
permissions set up (---)
owner--group w/ access -- others u - g - o
display the path of the current directory
pwd
how to remove directory
rmdir
remove a file
rmdir
flaws with folksonomy
tags are often inconsistently applied, misspelled, redundant, and generally of little practical use for large sets of data unless there is some sort of control over the vocabulary to make it more consistent.
display the last few lines of a file
tail file
What to use HTML for...
the content of the page NOT THE STYLE/VISUAL REPRESENTATION
Nesting of HTML tags indicates... the style of presentation the responsive breakpoints the organization and hierarchy of content the size of margin and padding on the elements
the organization and hierarchy of content
The float property is used... to center any element on the page to prevent inline elements from sitting side-by-side to coerce block elements to sit side-by-side to load different style sheets at different browser widths
to coerce block elements to sit side-by-side
count number of lines/words/characters in a file
wc file
Which two of the following CSS rules would be required to be applied to the <div class="container"> element, in order to illustrate its two main purposes in web page design? ... (select two responses) float: left; width: 960px; clear: both; margin: 0 auto;
width: 960px; clear: both;
how to write that the owner has reading, writing and executing permissions, group has read and write permission, others have read permission
xrw -- rw- --r--
