Chapter 5 - Tissues

What characteristics of simple squamous epithelium?

- Cells are thin and flat - Substances pass easily What is

What best describes simple cuboidal epithelium?

A single layer o f cube-shaped cells

What does simple columnar epithelium consists of?

A single layer of tall elongated cells

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Allows for diffusion and filtration

What are some functions of blood?

Blood clotting (coagulation), Transport of gasses, defense against pathogens

What are two characteristics of simple columnar epithelium?

Cells are longer than they are wide Cells can be ciliated or non-ciliated

Match the ciliated and non-ciliated simple columnar epithelia with the corresponding location.

Ciliated simple columnar epithelia - uterine tubes of the female reproductive tract. Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelia - uterus, portions of the digestive tract, including the stomach and the small and large intestines.

Holocrine gland secretions contain:

Cytosol, organelles, DNA and plasma membrane of the secretory cell.

What are three representative locations of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Ducts of mammary glands, salivary glands, and seminiferous tubules

Identify the types of cartilage

Elastic and Hyaline

Match the tissue to it's basic function.

Epithelial - Protective; covering;secreation; absorbtion. Connective - support soft tissue; bind structures together Muscle - produce body movements Nervous - Coordinate and control body activites.

How do merocrine exocrine glands secrete their products?

Exocytosis

The epithelial cell shaped with the term

Flattened - squamous Thick, squarish - Cuboidal Elongated - columnar

List the types of exocrine glands.

Holocrine, Merocrine, Apocrine

What are the locations of skeletal muscle?

In the face and throat. Also attached to the skeleton in the head, limbs, and trunk

How is the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin different from that in other areas of the body?

In the skin, the epithelium is keratinized.

What are two locations of stratified columnar epithelium?

Larger ducts of exocrine glands and part of the male urethra

Include three representative location of simple cuboidal epithelium

Lining of kidney tubules, thyroid gland, ducts of salivary glands

What is a representative location for Pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Lining of the respiratory system

What are two examples of locations of nonciliated simple columnar epithelium?

Lining of uterus and lining of small intestine

Connective Tissue -

Loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue

What is the role of cilia in the simple columnar epithelium?

Moving substances across the free surface.

What tissue is responsible for sensory reception and conduction of nerve impulses? It is located in the brain, spinal and peripheral nerves.

Nervous tissue

What is a function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Protection, secretion, absorption

What are the functions of cartilage?

Protects underlying tissue and provides support and framework for the body

Indicated example of merocrine glands.

Salivary glands, pancreatic glands, sweat glands of the skin

Match the type of merocrine secretion with its description.

Serous - Watery fluid with a high enzyme content, for lubrication, found in the visceral and parietal membranes of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. Mucus - Fluid rich in glycoproteins, for protection, secreted by goblet cells in the inner linings of the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive systems.

Match the type of epithelial tissue with its corresponding location

Simple columnar - lining of uterus Transitional epithelium - inner lining of urinary bladder Simple squamous epithelium - air sacs of lungs Pseudostratified columnar epithelium - respiratory passages Simple cuboidal epithelium - lining of kidney tubules

Which tissue functions in protection, secretion, and absorption?

Simple columnar epithelium

What type of muscle cell short, spindle-shaped, non-striated, unicleated, involuntary and located in walls of hollow internal organs?

Smooth

The type of epithelium called ________ columnar epithelium consists of a superficial layer of columnar cells overlying several layers of cuboidal cells.

Stratified

_________ cuboidal epithelium consists of two to three layers of cuboidal cells.

Stratified

Match the epithelium with its description

Stratified squamous non-keratinized - Located in the lining of the oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anal cavity. The tissue is soft and moist, and the cells on its free surfaces remain alive. Stratified squamous keratinized - Located in the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). It forms a dry, tought, protective covering of dead cells that prevents water and fluid loss and blocks various chemicals and microorganisms from entering.

Nervous tissue makes up most which organs?

The brain, the spinal cord nerves

What are the characteristics of epithelial membranes?

They cover body surfaces and body cavities as well as they include serous, mucous, and cutaneous membranes.

Characteristics of epithelial tissues

They obtain nutrients though from underlying connective tissues.

What are two functions of keratinized epithelium?

To prevent water loss and to block entry of microorganisms into the body

What type of epithelium is specialized to change in response to increased tension?

Transitional epithelium

What are three locations of stratified squamous epithelium?

Vagina, oral cavity, outer layer of the skin

The surface of epithelial tissue that is exposed to the outside or exposed internally to an open space is called _________

apical surface

Exocrine glands that lose small portions of their cells as part of their secretion are _______ glands.

apocrine

Specialized Connective Tissue -

blood, bone, cartilage

Name the specific issue that protects organs in body cavities, provides attachment for muscles, forms blood cells, and stores inorganic chemicals such as calcium and phosphorus

bone

What do compound exocrine glands look like?

branched ducts

Muscle tissue that consists of cells that are striated, branched, and joined by intercalated discs are called _____ muscle tissue

cardiac

The wall of the heart is composed of ______ muscle tissue.

cardiac

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium commonly has ___________ on the apical surface which sweeps away the mucus produced by goblet cells.

cilia

Some epithelia have __________ that extend from the free surface of apical cells and move constantly.

cilia

The tissue shown in this pictures is stratified __________ epithelium, a tissue that consists of a superficial layer of tall cells overlying several layers of cuboidal cells.

columnar

What type of exocrine glands have ducts that branch repeatedly before reaching the secretory portion?

compound

Mammary glands are an example of what kind of exocrine gland?

compound alveolar glands

Skeletal muscle tissue is under _______ control and thus is also said to be _______ muscle tissue.

conscious; voluntary

Which tissue functions in secretion and absorption?

cuboidal epithelium

What is a function of adipose tissue?

cuhion organs like joints, kidneys

The most flexible type of cartilage is _______ cartilage due to its dense network of thin stretchy fibers.

elastic

What type of cartilage has a dense network of elastic fibers?

elastic cartilage

What are glands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood called?

endocrine glands

Of the four major classes of tissue, name the class of tissue that covers all free body surfaces, forms the inner lining of body cavities, lines hollow organs, and is the major tissue forming glands. _____________

epithelial

protection, secretion, absorption, and excretion are functions of _________ tissues

epithelial

The ________ glands secrete their products into ducts that open onto surfaces, while ________ glands secrete their products into tissue fluids or blood.

exocrine; endocrine

Where is the apical surface of epithelium found?

exposed to an open space

A single cell, or a group of cells, that makes and secretes a substance is called a(n) ___________.

gland

Specialized flask-shaped mucus-secreting cells, found in some mucous membrane, are called ______ cells

goblet

What is an example of an unicellular gland?

goblet cell

Most blood cells form in ______ tissue in the red marrow of certain bones.

hemopoietic

What is the most common type of cartilage in the human body?

hyaline cartilage

The most common type of cartilage is _______ cartilage.

hylaline

Where is smooth muscle found?

in the walls of the uterus and in the walls of the digestive tract

In stratified squamous epithlium, the cube-shaped cells that undergo mitosis are located in the ________ layer, while the flattened cells are in the _______ layer.

innermost; outermost

Glands that secrete watery fluids by exocytosis without apparent loss of cytoplasm are called _______ glands

merocrine

What are most abundant glands in the body?

merocrine glands

The _____ are tiny cylindrical processes that increase the surface area of the cell membrane and are specialized for absorption.

microvilli

Representative locations of ______ tissues include: brain spinal, nerves

nervous

A(n) ______ is the basic cell in nervous tissue. It is responsible for the majority of the functions of the tissues, including sensing their surrounding and conducting electrical impulses

neurons

Which type of tissue is found lining the uterus, stomach, and small intestines?

non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium

components of blood include an extracellular fluid called _________ and formed elements.

plasma

The type of columnar epithelium in which cells contact the basement membrane and appear to be stratified or layered, though they are not, is called __________.

pseudostratified

Blood cells are produced in hemopoietic tissues in the __________ bone marrow of certain bones

red

What is the function of goblet cells?

secrete mucus

What is a function of a simple cuboidal epithelium?

secretion

The two main parameters used to classify epithelial tissues are the __________ of cells and the number of ___________ of cells.

shape; layers

The two main parameters used to classify epithelial tissues are the ___________ of cells and the number of __________ of cells.

shape; layers

The straight tube-like exocrine glands that open directly onto the surface are called __________ multicellular glands.

simple

Sebaceous glands are classified as what type of exocrine gland?

simple branched alveolar glands

Gastric glands are classified as what type of exocrine gland?

simple branched tubular glands

Which tissue is found in the kidney tubules and ducts of the salivary glands, pancreas, and liver?

simple cuboidal epithelium

The type of tissue at the tip of the arrows is the _______ epithelium.

simple squamous

What of the following tissues is located in the lungs and small blood vessels, facilitating gas exchange?

simple squamous epithelium

Which tissue type is the most thin and delicate epithelial tissue?

simple squamous epithelium

Epithelial tissues that consists of one single layer of cells are called __________; those that contain multiple layers are called ________.

simple; stratified

_________ muscle is found in the head, trunk, and limbs, and it is responsible for facial expression, swallowing, chewing, and breathing.

skeletal

__________ muscle cell are long, threadlike, striated, multinucleated, voluntary, and they are located in muscles attached to bones.

skeletal

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the ___________, while nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the ___________.

skin, mouth

The types of muscle found in the digestive tract, blood vessels, urinary bladder, and uterus is called ______ muscle tissue

smooth

What do simple tubular exocrine glands look like?

straight, tube-like glands that open directly onto the surface.

This type of epithelium consists of several layers of cells, and if named based on the shape of the cells in the outermost layer.

stratified

What tissue is found in the ducts of seminiferous tubules and lining the developing ovarian follicles?

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Cells in deeper layers of ______ epithelium appear columnar or cuboidal and undergo mitosis, while cells at the top layer are flattened.

stratified squamous

What type of tissue is located in the skin and in the linings of the oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal?

stratified squamous epithelium

What is the function of the basement membrane?

to adhere epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue

What is the function of red blood cells in blood?

transport gases

A goblet cell is an example of a ________ gland.

unicellular

Glands that consist of a single epithelial cell are _______ glands, while ________ glands are composed of many cells.

unicellular; multicellular

Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder and the ureters and part of the urethra. When the organ wall contracts, transitional epithelium is ________. When the organ is distended, the tissue is _________.

unstretched; stretched

What are representative locations of transitional epithelium?

urinary bladder and superior urethra