/Chapter 6

20. If the SA node is nonfunctional, which of the following is most likely to occur?

. Another portion of the heart will become the pacemaker

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sickle-cell anemia?

. Sickle-shaped red blood cells are less likely to rupture.

25. All cardiac veins empty into the _________, which then empties into the _______.

. coronary sinus; right atrium

2. Action potentials pass from one myocardial cell to another through areas of low electrical resistance called

. gap junctions.

19. Coumadin (Warfarin)

. is a potent anticoagulant.

25. Erythropoietin

. is a product of the kidney.

18. Lymphocytes

. migrate to lymphatic tissue.

11. What gas is also carried by a beta-globin that may help regulate blood pressure?

. nitric oxide

RhoGam injections are given to

. prevent sensitization of the mother.

13. Afterload is

. the arterial pressure that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood.

Agglutination of red blood cells means

. they clump together

A deficiency of which of the following stem cells would result in a marked increase in the clotting time of blood?

B. megakaryoblast

3. The "pacemaker" of the heart is the

SA node.

18. Concerning heart sounds, which of the following is correct

The first heart sound occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole.

19. Aortic stenosis results from

a narrowed opening through the aortic valve.

8. In the cardiac cycle,

all four chambers of the heart are in diastole at the same time.

15. Which of the following will increase the heart rate?

an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood

23. Which of the following is (are) associated with decreased hematopoiesis?

both vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia

5. What ion is necessary for the coagulation process?

calcium

12. Mean arterial pressure is

cardiac output times peripheral resistance.

17. Chemoreceptors sensitive to blood oxygen levels are primarily located in the

carotid arteries.

6. Which of the following is mismatched?

closing of calcium channels - plateau phase

4. The plateau phase seen during the action potential of a cardiac muscle cell is due to the

continuing to have open calcium channels.

The condition characterized by overproduction of erythrocytes is called

erythrocytosis.

14. The cascade of events in the intrinsic pathway can be set into motion when _____ comes into contact with collagen.

factor XII

21. The plasma component that forms fibrin, the insoluble protein, in a blood clot is

fibrinogen.

7. A person with type B blood

has anti-A antibodies .

15. The function of plasmin is to

hydrolyze fibrin

22. Coronary artery disease can diminish myocardial blood flow resulting in the death of myocardial cells. This condition is known as a myocardial

infarction.

22. The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the

leukocytes.

21. An incompetent pulmonary semilunar valve could result in less blood reaching

lungs

Which of the following cell types is incorrectly matched with its description?

lymphocytes - become macrophages

1. Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

monocyte

5. What action is most responsible for the resting membrane potential in cardiac muscle cells?

movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels

Which white blood cells function primarily as phagocytotic cells?

neutrophils and monocytes

23. The pericardial sac is lined with

parietal pericardium.

24. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

pectinate muscles - muscles that close valves

16. For a person whose hematocrit is 45%, in which choice below are the components of blood correctly ranked in order of decreasing percent volume?

plasma, RBCs, WBCs

1. The valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk is the

pulmonary semilunar valve.

9. Pressure in the right ventricle must exceed pressure in the ____ before the right ventricle can eject blood

pulmonary trunk

The volume of blood pumped during each cardiac cycle is the

stroke volume

16. An increase in extracellular calcium generally increases

the force of contraction.

14. Increased vagal stimulation would cause

the heart rate to decrease.

7. If cardiac muscle cells are unable to repolarize, this would cause

the heart rate to decrease. It might cause cardiac arrest.

in the extrinsic pathway, damaged tissues release

thromboplastin (tissue factor III)

6. A blood clot attached to a blood vessel wall is called a(an)

thrombus

10. What occurs during the time between the first heart sound and the second heart sound?

ventricular systole

20. The total blood volume is ____ plasma.

55%

24. How much oxygen is generally transported in combination with hemoglobin in red blood cells?

98.5%