Chapter 6 Psych
Identify the example that best fits the definition of creativity.
While camping, Patrick realized he forgot a tarp, so he used an old shower curtain instead
Dr. Ballard is able to solve math problems very quickly and, as head of the math department, is often asked for guidance from other math professors and students.
analytical intelligence
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer. Tammy is learning about the human digestive system in anatomy class.
analytical intelligence
Alex is a very caring and patient nurse because he knows the difference this makes having been a patient before.
emotional intelligence
Zachary is putting together Legos for the first time. He is using [blank] to put together his Lego set.
fluid intelligence
Terman's study showed gifted children were also above average in [blank].
physical attractiveness
Identify the one of the four that doesn't belong in regards to a specific type of intelligence.
street smarts
Which of the following typically occurs between 3 and 8 months of age?
a child develops interest in others
According to Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, an individual with high linguistic intelligence would most likely excel in which of the following careers?
poet
Semantics
process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words
role schema
set of expectations that define the behaviors of a person occupying a particular role
When discussing problem solving, hindsight bias is best defined as [blank].
the belief that the event just experienced was predictable even though it really wasn't
Identify the definition that matches the following component of language. Select the best answer. grammar
the set of rules that are used to convey meaning through the use of the words of a given language
Geraldo makes sure that he has created very clear guidelines for how his assessment should be scored. Next, he gives the assessment to thousands of high school teachers. Which sentence includes an example of norming?
Next, he gives the assessment to thousands of high school teachers.
Which of the following is an example of a prototype for trees? Select the best answer. Monkey Puzzle Tree Weeping Willow Oak
Oak
Flynn effect
Observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation
Which of the following typically occurs between 3 and 5 years of age?
a child develops the ability to have conversations
Which of the following statements about concepts is inaccurate?
a concept is a set of expectations that define the behaviors of a person occupying a particular role
Which of the following best describes a heuristic?
a general problem-solving framework
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer. Mary Grace is selected to be the leader of the future problem solvers team at school.
analytical intelligence
dogs computers laptop computer chihuahua Which example would be considered a prototype?
chihuahua
Learning disabilities are [blank] disorders that can affect language and [blank].
cognitive; reading
Danny noticed his employee, Raemond, had been late to work several times lately and appeared very tired. Rather than talking to Raemond to see what might be troubling him, Danny just immediately wrote him up. Danny is lacking in [blank].
emotional intelligence
Determine whether environment or heritability has a bigger impact on intelligence in the following scenario. Select the best answer. Al's parents are very loving and encouraging, and even though they did not go to college, they provide an environment that encourages him to do so; therefore, he excels academically and as a college student.
environment (nurture)
ire ant n p Which example would be considered a morpheme?
ire
Carley, who thinks that vaccines are terrible, only believes information that supports her belief.After the team won, Julie said, "Of courseI You could tell how fired up everyone was before the game! It was inevitable."When asked to pick either an English professor or a truck driver as someone who "loves poetry," people will often say the English professor.Many people believe that flying is dangerous due to highly publicized examples of crashes.When closing on the house, the sellers wanted to sell for $200,000 and didn't see how $195,000 wasn't a bad deal. Which example best represents the concept of representative bias?
people thinking that an English professor would like poetry
Is the following an example of a phoneme or morpheme in the English language? Select the best answer. gh
phoneme
Is the following an example of a phoneme or morpheme in the English language? Select the best answer. oo
phoneme
Is the following an example of a phoneme or morpheme in the English language? Select the best answer. th
phoneme
Morpheme
smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning
Which of the following best describes morphemes?
smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning
Which of the following is an example of a heuristic?
solving a math problem using memorized times tables
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer.Sally is a brilliant architect and seems to have an immense understanding of space and design.
spatial intelligence
Popular belief used to be that gifted people are [blank].
weaklings
Anna is pregnant and is curious if her own learning disability will be passed on to her child. When should Anna likely notice the presence of a learning disability if her child does have the same disability?
when her child reaches school age
In which of the following scenarios would an individual likely choose not to use a heuristic?
when the decision to be made is very important
In which of the following scenarios would an individual likely choose to use a heuristic?
when the time to make a decision is limited
Which of the following best describes lexicon?
words of a given language
Does the following example represent a prototype? Select the best answer.A daisy is a flower.
yes
Is the following an example of cognition? Select the best answer. recalling the words to your favorite song
yes
Is the following an example of cognition? Select the best answer. solving a personal conflict
yes
Is the following scenario an example of a role schema? Select the best answer. expecting a lawyer to be intelligent
yes
Is the following scenario an example of an event schema? Select the best answer. going to the post office
yes
A belief that the event just experienced was predictable
hindsight bias
People are considered gifted, or of superior intelligence, if they have an IQ score of [blank] or higher.
130
superior scores
130, 135
Within which developmental stage do children typically develop the ability to speak in simple sentences of two words?
18-24 months
About [blank] percent of people fall into the gifted category.
2
Callie was reading about the work of Arthur Jensen. She discovered that he believed there are how many levels of intelligence?
2
David has an IQ of 140. What percentage of the population would score around that same range?
2%
Nancy has been diagnosed as having an intellectual disability. Based on this result, we know Nancy would fall in what percent of the population with this same diagnosis?
2.20%
After taking the WISC-V, an individual should receive how many score results?
6
Alice has been diagnosed as having a mild intellectual disability. Based on this result, we know Alice's IQ score would fall in the range of [blank].
70 or below
Read the following bell curve:Which scores are one standard deviation away from the mean?
85, 115
If a bell curve has the following characteristics, what value would be two standard deviations below the mean? Select the best answer. The mean is 110; the standard deviation is 12.
86
average scores
90, 100
If a bell curve has the following characteristics, what value would be one standard deviation above the mean? Select the best answer. The mean is 90; the standard deviation is 8.
98
Which of the following statements about concepts is inaccurate?
A concept is a set of expectations that define the behaviors of a person occupying a particular role
Sam is an ecologist.Michael is a football player.James is a comic book writer.Ryan is a statistician.Jonathan is a sculptor.Thomas is a person who is able to access his personal motivations.Tyler is a bass guitarist.Bryce is a social worker. Which person would most benefit from interpersonal intelligence?
Bryce
Which of the following children is most likely to be 12 to 18 months of age? Select the best answer. Carley says, "No! Mine!" Charlie says, "Please stay out of my room." Cheyenne says, "Goo goo baaaa grrrrr." Cole says, "My toy. Not you!"
Carley
His test became one of the most extensively used intelligence tests in the history of psychology.
David Wechsler
Is the following example evidence of the biological (nature) or environmental (nurture) influence on language development? Select the best answer.Children typically learn the language spoken in their culture.
Environmental
He worked in the late 19th century.
Francis Galton
Which of the following scenarios is an example of confirmation bias?
Fred is in support of raising the minimum wage nationwide. He regularly seeks out news and research articles that suggest that raising the minimum wage is beneficial for society. When he hears stories about minimum wage on TV, he interprets them in a way that support his belief.
Frida and her identical twin slept in late this morning. Andrea and her little sister both love to play volleyball. Ana has brown hair, but her twin sister has always had blonde hair. Which sentence describes the siblings who are most likely to have a high correlation between their IQ scores?
Frida and her identical twin slept in late this morning.
Rick is a counselor.William is an ecologist.Genie is a dancer.Diana is a mathematician.Ellen is a poet.Ed writes music.Jordan is a choreographer.Darius has access to his personal feelings. Which person would most benefit from bodily kinesthetic intelligence?
Genie
Moe is in fifth grade. He hates reading. He enjoys history but has difficulty writing legibly on his assignments. Which sentence in the scenario contains a description of dysgraphia?
He enjoys history but has difficulty writing legibly on his assignments.
Ann found her grandmother's IQ test results in the attic. Ann noticed that her own IQ was much higher than that of her grandmother. This effect would have easily been explained to Ann by whom?
James Flynn
Jason and his identical twin brother go on a run every Saturday morning. Thuy is always in a fight with her little brother. Indy and Lindy are fraternal twins, so they look more like sisters than twins. Which sentence describes the siblings who are most likely to have a high correlation between their IQ scores?
Jason and his identical twin brother go on a run every Saturday morning.
Javier and his identical twin always fight over the drumstick at dinner. Houston follows his older brother around everywhere he goes. Theo is almost a foot taller than his twin brother, Lonnie. Which sentence describes the siblings who are most likely to have a high correlation between their IQ scores?
Javier and his identical twin always fight over the drumstick at dinner.
Jenny and her identical twin grew up in different cities. Travis borrowed his older brother's coat today. Tanya's twin brother, Luis, is significantly taller than her. Which sentence describes the siblings who are most likely to have a high correlation between their IQ scores?
Jenny and her identical twin grew up in different cities.
Which of the following scenarios is an example of availability heuristic?
John has read many recent news stories about home foreclosures. As such, he thinks the likelihood of this event is very high.
Carley, who thinks that vaccines are terrible, only believes information that supports her belief.After the team won, Julie said, "Of courseI You could tell how fired up everyone was before the game! It was inevitable."When asked to pick either an English professor or a truck driver as someone who "loves poetry," people will often say the English professor.Many people believe that flying is dangerous due to highly publicized examples of crashes.When closing on the house, the sellers wanted to sell for $200,000 and didn't see how $195,000 wasn't a bad deal. Which example best represents the concept of hindsight bias?
Julie's belief that the game outcome was predictable
Who/what provided insight into the belief that testing methods used to identify students with learning disabilities was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children?
Larry P. v. Riles
Derrick has been told he has very high Level II intelligence. Identify what Level II intelligence entails.
Level II abilities comprise conceptual ability, involved abstract thinking, and problem-solving
Identify the index that is not one of the five primary indices measured by the WISC-V.
Quantitative reasoning index
Choose the term for the theory that each person responds to the environment in a unique way based on his or her genetic makeup.
Range of reaction
Moe just started attending high school. He is terrified of how difficult the classwork will be. Reading has always been a huge challenge for him. Which sentence in the scenario contains a description of a learning disability?
Reading has always been a huge challenge for him.
Brenda built an IQ assessment and is making sure that the results are interpreted the same way each time someone takes it. She also wants to have as many adults take her assessment as possible. Which sentence includes an example of norming?
She also wants to have as many adults take her assessment as possible.
Identify the term that means that the manner of administration, scoring, and interpretation of results is consistent.
Standardizing
Who/what provided insight into determining the heritability of intelligence?
The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart
Which of the following children is most likely to be 12 to 18 months of age? Select the best answer. Terry says, "I completed my homework, Mom." Teresa says, "Phhhhthhhh ba ba ba." Trina says, "Tickle!" Terrence says, "Please tickle!"
Trina
Which problem solving strategy is utilized in the following example? Select the best answer. When unsure about which foods to eat for dinner, you remember the rule of thumb to fill half your plate with fruits and vegetables.
a heuristic
Ted has been diagnosed with dysgraphia. What does this diagnosis mean?
a learning disability that results in a struggle to write legibly
What is dysgraphia?
a learning disability that results in a struggle to write legibly
schema
a mental construct of a cluster or collection of related concepts
Which problem solving strategy is utilized in the following example? Select the best answer. During your scavenger hunt, you are told to walk 100 steps north, turn 90 degrees to the right, and dig a hole two feet deep.
an algorithm
Which problem solving strategy is utilized in the following example? Select the best answer.After purchasing a bookshelf from a big box store, you begin the process of assembly by viewing the photos in the provided manual.
an algorithm
Does the following example display a natural concept or an artificial concept? Select the best answer. a fraction
artificial
A decision is based upon either an available precedent or an example that may be faulty
availability heuristic
Phoneme
basic sound unit of a given language
Which of the following scenarios best represents practical intelligence? Select the best answer. Emma is a kid who can easily adapt to her world; she goes with the flow and doesn't get tripped up.Joey would be considered "book smart."Thomas often comes up with new and different ideas.
being adaptable
prototype
best representation of a concept
Which of the following is an example of a concept for birds? Select the best answer. Penguin Robin Owl
birds
Kat is the most highly followed and esteemed yoga instructor in town, and students speak very highly of her knowledge of the body and movement.
bodily kinesthetic intelligence
Does the following scenario suggest an environmental influence, a genetic influence, or both? Select the best answer. Gregory's parents are both professional tennis players, and Gregory grows up in the same household with both parents.
both environmental and genetic
dogs computers laptop computer chihuahua Which example would be considered a concept?
computers
Which of the following statements about concepts is inaccurate?
concepts are agreed upon by a group of people
Which of the following statements about concepts is inaccurate
concepts are complex and abstract
Identify the problem-solving mistake occurring in the following example. Select the best answer. You believe that your boss is stupid. At work, you notice all of the mistakes he makes but ignore all of his good ideas and decisions.
confirmation bias
When discussing problem solving, a mental set is best defined as [blank].
continually using an old solution to a problem without results
Which of the following best describes trial and error?
continuing to try different solutions until the problem is solved
Danielle states that she feels that people are either sick or healthy with no room in between. She thinks about most things in terms of extremes.
convergent thinking
Christopher decides to create at least two art projects per week in order to help his creative thinking in his career.
creative intelligence
Nick and his friends are camping when they realize they've forgotten blankets. Nick then comes up with the solution of using extra packed clothes to keep warm and make pillows.
creative intelligence
Identify the statement that is false.
creativity is not considered a form of intelligence
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer.Jacob has been taking piano classes for three years, and during tonight's recital, he really impressed the audience with his performance.
crystallized intelligence
In the case of Atkins v. Virginia, Atkins appealed his death sentence to the United States Supreme Court, claiming it violated the which amendment?
eighth
Darlene completes a study abroad program in Scotland and connects very well with the people and culture. She considers moving there permanently.
cultural intelligence
Brenda designs a final project for her students in which she encourages them to relay their knowledge through an artistic medium rather than a standardized multiple choice exam.
divergent thinking
[blank] is to thinking outside the box while [blank] describes the ability to provide a correct answer or solution.
divergent thinking; convergent thinking
The stance of the Supreme Court is that intellectual disability [blank] affect decision making and, therefore, should affect the nature of the punishment such criminals receive. Select the best answer.
does
Jeb has accommodations at school that allow him to take an oral test instead of a handwritten one. What would most likely be the diagnosed learning disability?
dysgraphia
Katy is unable to read and seems to reverse letters within words while attempting to read aloud.
dyslexia
Tracy mixes up letters within words and sentences, such as letter reversals.
dyslexia
Determine whether environment or heritability has a bigger impact on intelligence in the following scenario. Select the best answer. John's parents are highly intelligent, yet he spends little to no time with them as they travel often for work. John begins to get in trouble at school and is not focused on academics.
environment (nurture)
Determine whether environment or heritability has a bigger impact on intelligence in the following scenario. Select the best answer.Hillary's biological parents struggle with mental illness and are not able to provide a stable home for her, so her grandmother raises her and offers a loving and stable home environment, which allows Hillary to excel and become a well-rounded individual.
environment (nurture)
Is the following example evidence of the biological (nature) or environmental (nurture) influence on language development? Select the best answer.Early language attempts are often praised.
environmental
Is the following statement true or false? Select the best answer. It is only possible to be fluent in one language.
false
Is the following statement true or false? Select the best answer.It is only possible to be fluent in one language.
false
Which of the following scenarios best represents creative intelligence? Select the best answer.Using a parking app on your phone to park in a new citySolving algebra problems using a formulaFiguring out how to start a fire when camping when you left your lighter at home
figuring out how to light a fire
Which of the following is an example of a concept for fish? Select the best answer. Goldfish Oscars Mosquitofish
fish
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer. Mary is very effective and well-respected therapist and offers very specific therapy methods to help her clients.
fluid intelligence
Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer.Leslie must find an alternate route while hiking in the woods due to flooding around the creek.
fluid intelligence
Which of the following would be considered an example of confirmation bias? Select the best answer. After reading about lottery winners, Roger begins to believe his chances of winning are really good.In an era of a spreading viral infection, you might assume that a person has that particular illness rather than the more common flu.Carrie is offered a promotion after her fortune cookie said, "You will soon receive a promotion."Katie is proud of the fact that she placed a winning bet on Bonobo, the horse at the horse track, because she "knew" it would win.
fortune cookie promotion
Identify the problem-solving mistake occurring in the following example. Select the best answer. You can't quite reach the basket sitting on top of your refrigerator. There is a yardstick sitting on the table, but because it is intended for measuring, you don't think to use it to help you reach the basket.
functional fixedness
The following is an example of which component of language? Select the best answer.The rule a sentence must express a complete thought
grammer
Jonie was reading about the case of Daryl Atkins in 1996. What did the jury assign as the original punishment?
he was sentenced to death
IQ stands for
intelligence quotient
Which of the following would be considered an example of hindsight bias? After seeing the news about unemployment rates, Francis begins to think she will be fired.When meeting a new individual, a person might guess the individual's profession due to stereotypes rather than considering the number of people with that profession.After gaining a lot of money in the stock market, Jared says he knew that stock would increase in price.People who believe vaccinations are bad will discount any evidence to the contrary.
knowing a stock price would increase
Is the following description indicative of a learning disability or an intellectual disability? Select the best answer. Amy has learned to read by memorizing the shapes of letters because otherwise, she reverses letters while reading
learning disability
Is the following description indicative of a learning disability or an intellectual disability? Select the best answer. James has spatial ability problems but has a high IQ.
learning disability
Is the following description indicative of a learning disability or an intellectual disability? Select the best answer. Stacy's teachers notice that she writes many of her letters backwards and reverses spellings of words.
learning disability
Tracy is able to verbally recall what she has learned in science class; however, she is unable to write legibly and is showing signs of dysgraphia.
learning disability
Alex can communicate nonverbally and requires intensive oversight. His IQ is 15. Determine if it is likely or unlikely that Alex has an intellectual disability or if there is not enough information.
likely
Joan is a journalist and loves to write fiction in her spare time. Identify the intelligence type that would most accurately describe Joan's abilities.
linguistic intelligence
Sam is really good at math. It is likely Sam would have a high score on [blank].
logical-mathematical intelligence
Which of the following is an example of an algorithm?
making cookies using your grandmother's recipe
syntax
manner by which words are organized into sentences
Is the following an example of a phoneme or morpheme in the English language? Select the best answer. un
morpheme
The following is an example of which component of language? Select the best answer.The prefix pre-
morpheme
The smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning
morpheme
Ann is good at remembering songs and melodies. Choose the type of intelligence that would most accurately describe Ann's abilities.
musical intelligence
Does the following example display a natural concept or an artificial concept? Select the best answer. healthy
natural
Does the following example represent a prototype? Select the best answer.A shingle froe is a tool.
no
Is the following an example of cognition? Select the best answer. getting carsick
no
Is the following an example of cognition? Select the best answer. instinctively pulling your hand away from a hot pan
no
Is the following scenario an example of a role schema? Select the best answer. wishing for a birthday gift
no
Is the following scenario an example of an event schema? Select the best answer. smiling
no
Is the following scenario an example of overgeneralization in language learning? Select the best answer. Adding -ed to the word show
no
Is the following scenario an example of overgeneralization in language learning? Select the best answer. Adding -er to the word loud
no
Alex has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Determine if it is likely or unlikely that Alex has an intellectual disability or if there is not enough information. Select the best answer.
not enough info
A person in this subtype is in the least common subtype. Which intellectual disability subtype is being described?
profound
A person in this subtype requires intensive oversight. Which intellectual disability subtype is being described?
profound
r s ness ship Which example would be considered a phoneme?
r
Arthur Jensen's work created much controversy because of what kind of bias in his outcomes?
racial bias
Andrea is adopted from parents of average intelligence; however she is raised in an environment that is highly stimulating, stable, and loving.
range of reaction
The theory that each person responds to the environment in a unique way based on his or her genetic makeup is known as what?
range of reaction
Identify the following pitfall to problem solving. Select the best answer. a faulty way of thinking in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something
representative bias
Which roadblock to effective problem solving is taking place in the following example? Select the best answer. Mary is looking at prospective colleges. She met three students from one of the colleges and thought they were all arrogant. Now, Mary now assumes the college has an arrogant culture and that most students from that college will also be arrogant.
representative bias
Jerome is testing intelligence in children from the 7th grade. However, he only tests one class of 7th graders from one school. Jerome's results would not be a what?
representative sample
Is the following scenario an example of a role schema? Select the best answer. hoping that it rains
role schema
We know that there are several different types of schemata. Match the following example with the type of schema it fits in to. Select the best answer. Coaches are mean.
role schema
We know that there are several different types of schemata. Match the following example with the type of schema it fits in to. Select the best answer. Mothers are kind.
role schema
The process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words
semantics
Lexicon
the words of a given language
lexicon
the words of a given language
Which problem solving strategy is utilized in the following example? Select the best answer.Your refrigerator is broken. You try taking it apart and putting it back together. Next, you ask a friend for advice. You finally call a repair technician to see if they can help you.
trial and error
Alex has an IQ between one and two standard deviations above the mean. Determine if it is likely or unlikely that Alex has an intellectual disability or if there is not enough information.
unlikely
Alex has dyslexia, ADHD, and an IQ of 110. Determine if it is likely or unlikely that Alex has an intellectual disability or if there is not enough information.
unlikely
Which of the following scenarios best represents practical intelligence? Select the best answer. Kevin often engages in common sense reasoning.Larry is more of a "book smart" guy.Mark can often think "outside the box."
using common sense