Chapter 8: Metabolsim
Steps of energy production from ATP:
1. Enzyme cleaves bond between last 2 phosphate groups of ATP 2. ATP molecule loses power 3. ATP loses form
Stages of Glucose breakdown:
1. Glycosis 2. 3. Citrus Acid Cycle 4. Electron Transport Chain
When the body has access to oxygen, the pyruvate that is formed from glycolysis is converted to:
acetyl coenzyme A
Energy _______________ involves the chemical pathways that enable the human body to use and obtain energy from macronutrients and alcohol.
metabolsim
Human cells obtain energy by
releasing chemical energy from macronutrients
What another name for the citrus acid cycle?
-Krebs cycle -TCA cycle
The body can utilize _____________ for energy.
-Lipids -Alcohol -Carbohydrates -Protein (NOT vitamins or minerals)
What can be sign of alcohol poisoning?
-comatose -irregular breathing -bluish skin
What would result in an increase in the release of catabolic hormones?
-extreme stress -intense exercise
Cortisol promotes:
-increase protein catabolism -increases the use of amino acids for glyconeogenesis
Alcohol dehydrogenase pathway:
-occurs in the liver -is a catabolic pathway
Legal limit for intoxication in the U.S. is a BAC of ______ %.
0.08
During ___________ metabolism, adequate oxygen is present allowing mitochondria to make lots of ATP.
aerobic
The ____________ is the primary site for metabolizing alcohol that has been absorbed by the digestive tract.
liver
What cells are able to make glucose from lactate?
liver cells
The amount of ATP formed by catabolism of amino acids depends on:
where it entered the catabolic pathway