Chapter 8
price taker
a firm in a perfectly competitive market that must take the prevailing market price as given
perfect competition
each firm faces many competitors that sell identical products
break-even point
level of output where the marginal cost curve instersects the average cost curve at the minimum point of AC; if the orice is at this point, the firm is earnign zero economic profits
shutdown point
level of output where the marginal cost curve intersects the average variable cost curve at the minimum point of AVC; if the price is below this point, the firm should shut down immediately
marginal revenue
the additional revenue gained from selling one more unit
market structure
the conditions in an industry, such as number of sellers, how easy or difficult it is for a new firm to enter, and the type of products that are sold
entry
the long-run process of firms entering an industry in response to industry profits
exit
the long-run process of firms reducing production and shutting down in response to industry losses
long run equilibrium
where all firms earn zero economic profits producing the output level where P = MR = MC and P = AC