Chapter 8 Project Management
True/False Using Six Sigma principles is an organization-wide commitment and all employees must embrace its principles.
True using Six Sigma principles is an organization-wide commitment. CEOs, top managers, and all levels of employees in an organization that embraces Six Sigma principles have seen remarkable improvements due to its use.
True/False Testing as a stage is important only at the end of an information technology product development.
False Testing needs to be done during almost every phase of the systems development life cycle, not just before the organization ships or hands over a product to the customer.
Multiple Choice _________ means the project's processes and products meet written specifications. a) Conformance to requirements b) Fitness for use c) Project feasibility d) Benchmarking
a) Conformance to requirements means that the project's processes and products meet written specifications. For example, if the project scope statement requires delivery of 100 computers with specific processors and memory, you could easily check whether suitable computers had been delivered
_______ is a technique that helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome of a process. a) Design of experiments b) Backward pass c) Activity-on-arrow d) Crashing
A) Design of experiments is a technique that helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome of a process. Understanding which variables affect outcome is a very important part of quality planning.
True/False A run chart is a bar graph that depicts data points and their order of occurrence.
False A run chart displays the history and pattern of variation of a process over time. It is a line chart that shows data points plotted in the order of occurrence.
True/False The term sigma means median.
False An important concept in Six Sigma is improving quality by reducing variation. The term sigma means standard deviation.
True/False The design of experiments technique cannot be applied to project management issues such as cost and schedule trade-offs.
False Design of experiments is a technique that helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome of process. you can also apply design of experiments to project management issues such as cost and schedule trade-offs.
Performing quality assurance is a sub-process of the ____ process of project quality management. a) Initiating b) Closing c) Monitoring and controlling d) executing
D Performing quality assurance is a sub-process of the executing process of project quality managment
True/False Validated changes and validated deliverable are the outputs of the quality assurance process
False Controlling quality involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality. Validated changes and validated deliverable are the out puts of the quality control process.
True/False De Marco and Lister's study on organizations and productivity found direct correlations between productivity and programming language, years of experience, and salary.
False DeMarco and Lister also found no correlation between productivity and programming language, years of experience, or salary. Furthermore, the study showed that providing a dedicated workspace and a quiet work environment were key factors in improving productivity.
True/False In TQC, product quality is more important than production rates, and workers are allowed to stop production whenever a quality problem occurs.True/False
True In Total Quality Control, product quality is more important that production rates, and workers are allowed to stop production whenever a quality problem occurs.
Multiple Choice ______ means that a product can be USED as it was intended. a) Conformance to requirements b) Fitness for use c) Critical chain scheduling d) Free slack
B Fitness for use means that a product can be used as it was intended.
The ____ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling. a) Quality planning b) Quality certification c) Quality assurance d) Quality control
D Controlling quality involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality. This process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling
True/False Products that are accepted by project stakeholders are considered to be validated deliverables
True Acceptance decisions determine if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected. If they are accepted, they are considered to be validated deliverable.
True/False Project managers are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.
True It is important for all project stakeholders to work together to balance the quality, scope, time, and cost dimensions of the project. Project managers, however, are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.
______ are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users. a) Features b) Outputs c) Maintainability d) Metrics
A Features are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users. It is important to clarify what functions and features the system must perform, and what functions and features are optional.
True/False Reliability is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under deviant conditions
False Reliability is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions
a ____ is a standard of measurement in quality management. a) milestone b) metric c) merge d) matrix
B A metric is a standard of measurement. Examples of common metrics include failure rates of products, availability of goods and services, and customer satisfaction ratings.
______ addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use. A) Reliability B) Performance C) Maintainability D) Functionality
B Performance addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use.
True/False Only in-house auditors can perform quality audits.
False In-house auditors or third parties with expertise in specific areas can perform quality audits; these quality audits can be scheduled or random
Multiple Choice Process improvement plan, quality metrics, and quality checklists are the outputs of _____ process of project quality management. a) controlling quality b) Planning quality management c) Quality certification d) performing quality assurance
B) The main outputs of planning quality management are a quality management plan, a process improvement plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, and project documents updates
Validated changes and validated deliverables are the outputs of the ____ subprocess of project quality management. a) Initiating b) Closing c) Monitoring and Controlling d) Executing
C Validated changes and validated deliverables are the outputs of the monitoring and controlling subprocess of the quality control process of project quality management.
______ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function. a) Reliability b) Validity c) Maintainability d) Functionality
D) Functionality is the degree to which a system performes its intended function. Features are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users. It is important to clarify what functions and features the system must perform, and what functions and features are optional.
True/False Gantt charts cannot be used to aid project quality management.
False Gantt charts can be created using project management software to help plan and track work related to project quality management.
True/False Integration testing involves testing of each individual component to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.
False Integration testing occurs between unit and system testing to test functionally grouped components. It ensures that a subset or subsets of the entire system work together.
True/False Customer requirements are an important aspect of the quality planning process
False Quality planning also involves communicating the correct actions for ensuring quality in a format that is understandable and complete. In quality planning for projects, it is important to describe key factors that directly contribute to meeting the customer's requirements.
True/False The quality assurance process involves taking responsibility for quality throughout the project's life cycle.
True Performing quality assurance involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards. The quality assurance process involves taking responsibility for quality throughout the project's life cycle.
True/False The Six Sigma approach works best for a project where a quality problem is identified between the current and desired performance.
True The Six Sigma approach works best for a project where a quality problem is identified between the current and desired performance.