Chapter 8, Sect. 5

Society of American Indians

Group founded in 1911 by several American Indian groups to assist Indians living on reservations.

Niagara Movement

Group of African Americans, including W.E.B. DuBois, formed in 1905 that demanded economic and educational equality as well as an end to segregation and discrimination.

W. E. B. Du Bois

He disagreed with Washington and criticized him for holding African Americans responsible for correcting racial injustice. He published his views, "The Souls of Black Folk" and also was a part of Niagara Movement calling for economic and educational equality. Helped found NAACP.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

NAACP- Group formed by W.E.B DuBois and others in 1909 to pursue the goals of economic, educational, and social equality for African Americans; inspired by Niagara Movement.

National Association of Colored Women

NACW-Group led by Mary Church Terell that supported political reforms for African Americans.

National Urban League

Organization formed in 1911 to help African Americans make the transition from the South to northern cities.

How did Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois differ in their approaches to equal rights for African Americans?

Booker T. Washington- encouraged african americans to improve their educational and economic well being (wealthier) in order to end segregation. this will give people more respect and get better jobs. W.E.B DuBois- believed African Americans should protest unjust treatment and demand equal rights. Washington believed that African Americans had to work their way up in society where as Dubois believe that they should demand for their rights.

Booker T. Washinton

An African American leader who tried to improve the economic conditions of African Americans. Born a slave in 1865, he became a respected educator in his twenties. In 1881, he founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama to provide vocation training for African American schoolteachers and to teach economic self-reliance. Gave Atlanta Compromise speech at the Cotton States Exposition in Atlanta, Ga.

Atlanta Compromise

Speech given by Booker T. Washington stating that African Americans should focus on improving their education and economic situation instead of fighting discrimination and segregation.

Ida B. Wells

a suffragist and an outspoken opponent of violence against African Americans. She believed that African Americans should protest unfair treatment. A mob killed 3 of her friends and she was outraged. As a journalist, she began antilynching editorials in her Memphis newspaper, Free Speech.