Chapter 8 - Skeletal System
Heel bone is called _____.
Calcaneus
The carpals are classified as _____ bones. A) Long B) Short C) Flat D) Irregular
B) Short
_____ ribs are attached to the sternum. A) All B) True C) False D) Floating
B) True
The _____ _____ is the top of the pelvis. A) tibial tuberosity B) iliac crest C) mastoid process D) vertebral column E) heel bone
B) iliac crest
Lumbar curvature develops at A) 3-4 months B) 6-9 months C) 1 year D) 2 year
C) 1 year
A sign of increased pressure within the skull. A) Sunken fontanels B) Facilitate the birth process C) Bulging fontanel D) Soft spot
C) Bulging fontanel
_____ _____ are the edges of cartilage that form an angle as they converge near the xiphoid process. A) Midsternal line B) Midclavicular line C) Costal margins D) Costal angle E) Angle of Louis
C) Costal margins
The turning of the sole of the foot outward. A) Adduction B) Inversion C) Eversion D) Supination E) Circumduction
C) Eversion
_____ ribs are indirectly attached to the sternum. A) All B) True C) False D) Floating
C) False
The skull is classified as a _____ bone. A) Long B) Short C) Flat D) Irregular
C) Flat
A _____ fracture is more common in children. A) Simple B) Compound C) Greenstick
C) Greenstick
Swayback can be caused by pregnancy or weight gain. A) Scoliosis B) Kyphosis C) Lordosis
C) Lordosis
The _____ is a tunnel or tube-like passageway. A) Foramen B) Fossa C) Meatus D) Sinus
C) Meatus
This type of synovial joint allows rotation around a bone. (atlas-axis) A) Hinge B) Ball and socket C) Pivot D) Saddle E) Gliding F) Condyloid
C) Pivot
Symphasis pubis and the joints in the vertebral column are examples of what type of joints? A) Immovable B) Movable C) Slightly movable D) Freely movable
C) Slightly movable
The _____ _____ is behind the base of the ear. A) tibial tuberosity B) iliac crest C) mastoid process D) vertebral column E) heel bone
C) mastoid process
Longitudinal bone growth occurs at the _____ _____.
Epiphyseal disc (growth plate)
_____ fuses growth plate earlier than _____.
Estrogen Testosterone
Great toe is called _____.
Hallux
A _____ system is a small cylindrical unit of compact bone tissue. It is the same as an _____.
Haversian osteon
The _____ carries the blood vessel to the bone.
Periosteum
Study of joint diseases is called _____.
Rheumatology
The brain is protected by the _______ .
cranium
Three bones of the middle ear function to transmit vibrations
incus, stapes, malleus
Five _____ _____ form the palm of the hand
metacarpal bones
_____ occasionally happens when the sutures of an infant skull fuse too early preventing growth in the brain
microcephalia
What is involved in each of the synovial joints below. Tibiofemoral (knee) Glenohumeral (shoulder) Humeroulnar (elbow) Coxal (hip)
Tibia and Femur Glenoid cavity and humerus Humerus and ulna Femur and acetabulum
How many pairs of ribs of the following? Total True False Floating
12 7 5 2
There are _______ vertebrae in the chest region called ____ ____.
12 (T1 to T12) thoracic vertebrae
Phalanges in one hand _____, two feet _____, and total _____.
14 28 56
There are _____ vertebrae in the lower back region called the _____ _____.
5 (L1-L5) lumbar vertebrae
There are _______ vertebrae in the neck region called ____ ____.
7 (C1 to C7) cervical vertebrae
_____ % of the body's calcium supply is stored in bones and teeth.
90
_____ _____ is an imaginary line drawn vertically from the suprasternal notch through the sternum. A) Midsternal line B) Midclavicular line C) Costal margins D) Costal angle E) Angle of Louis
A) Midsternal line
Complication of broken mandible (select all that apply) A) Poor nutrition B) Aspirating C) TMJ D) Can be immobilized by a cast E) Can't communicate
A) Poor nutrition B) Aspirating C) TMJ
Paranasal sinuses function (select all that apply) A) Reduce weight of skull B) Modulate volume of voice C) Secrete mucus D) Warm and moisten air E) Infections spread from nose and throat causing
A) Reduce weight of skull B) Modulate volume of voice C) Secrete mucus D) Warm and moisten air E) Infections spread from nose and throat causing
Endochondral ossification (select all that apply) A) Replacement of fetal cartilage skeleton with bone B) Replacement of thin connective tissue membrane with bone C) In flat bones D) In long bones E) In irregular and short bones
A) Replacement of fetal cartilage skeleton with bone D) In long bones E) In irregular and short bones
Lateral curvature of the spine 80% female. A) Scoliosis B) Kyphosis C) Lordosis
A) Scoliosis
A _____ fracture breaks all the way through but does not pierce the overlying skin. A) Simple B) Compound C) Greenstick
A) Simple
May indicate dehydration A) Sunken fontanels B) Facilitate the birth process C) Bulging fontanel D) Soft spot
A) Sunken fontanels
Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (select all that apply) A) Support Body Weight B) Supports and protects organs C) Aids in body movement D) Stores calcium and phosphorus E) Produce blood cells
A) Support Body Weight B) Supports and protects organs C) Aids in body movement D) Stores calcium and phosphorus E) Produce blood cells
Which is true of compact bone? (select all that apply) A) Tightly packed B) Swiss cheese C) Osteons D) Bone Marrow E) Long Bones
A) Tightly packed C) Osteons E) Long Bones
Which is true of spongy bone? (select all that apply) A) Trabecular plates B) Shafts C) Swiss cheese D) Bone Marrow E) Osteons
A) Trabecular plates C) Swiss cheese D) Bone Marrow
The hyoid bone (select all that apply) A) U shaped bone located upper neck B) L shaped bone located lower neck C) Anchors tongue D) Associated with swallowing
A) U shaped bone located upper neck C) Anchors tongue D) Associated with swallowing
Pectoral girdle includes the A) clavicle and scapula B) scapula and humerus C) humerus and clavicle D) radius and ulna
A) clavicle and scapula
The functions of the vertebral column (select all that apply) A) head and thorax support B) attaches to pelvic girdle C) Protects spinal cord D) Provides flexibility E) Named according to location
A) head and thorax support B) attaches to pelvic girdle C) Protects spinal cord D) Provides flexibility
The _____ _____ is just beneath the knee A) tibial tuberosity B) iliac crest C) mastoid process D) vertebral column E) heel bone
A) tibial tuberosity
The bony projections called _____ _____ sit on the first vertebra of the vertebral column.
occipital condyles
In infancy, the medullary cavity is filled with _____ ____ _____.
red bone marrow
The _____ are the unique joints between the cranial bones and consist of the _____, _____, _____.
sutures coronal lambdoidal Squamosal
The heart is protected by the ________ ____ .
thoracic cavity
Landmark name felt at base of neck.
vertebra prominens C7
In adulthood, the medullary cavity is filled with _____ _____ _____.
yellow bone marrow
The _____ bone is the cheekbone
zygomatic
The _____ _____ plate is the main site of longitudinal growth of the long bones,
epiphyseal growth
The _____ pelvis is broader and shallower than that of the opposite sex.
female
Fracture of the neck of the ____ is called a broken hip.
femur
The hip joint is formed by the interaction of the _____ and _____.
femur acetabulum
Cartilage forms in the _____ _____ and pushes toward the _____ _____ where it ossifies.
growth plate (epiphyseal disc) bone shaft (diaphysis)
The head of the _____ fits into the _____ _____ to form the shoulder join a _____ moveable joint
humerus glenoid cavity freely
_____ sometimes occurs when the skull expands too much, for example too much fluid accumulates within the brain of an infant causing "water on the brain"
hydrocephalus
_____ leads to gigantism whereas _____ leads to dwarfism.
hypersecretion hyposecretion
tooth grinding is also called _____.
bruxism
Cervical curvature develops at A) 3-4 months B) 6-9 months C) 1 year D) 2 year
A) 3-4 months
The skeletal system is composed of (select all that apply) A) Bones B) Joints C) Muscles D) Cartilage E) Ligaments
A) Bones B) Joints D) Cartilage E) Ligaments
_____ is composed primarily of compact bone and provides strength. A) Diaphysis B) Epiphysis C) Medullary Cavity D) Periosteum E) Articular cartilage
A) Diaphysis
Bones of the axial skeleton (select all that apply) A) Facial bones B) Hyoid C) Ribs D) Clavicle E) Sternum
A) Facial bones B) Hyoid C) Ribs E) Sternum
The _____ is the opening usually a passage for nerves blood vessels and ligaments. A) Foramen B) Fossa C) Meatus D) Sinus
A) Foramen
This type of joint is vulnerable to injury like twisting and hyperextension of the knee. A) Hinge B) Ball and socket C) Pivot D) Saddle E) Gliding F) Condyloid
A) Hinge
Sutures in the skull are example of what type of joints? A) Immovable B) Movable C) Slightly movable D) Freely movable
A) Immovable
What parts of the body are still made of cartilage? (select all that apply) A) Joints B) Bridge of nose C) Larynx D) Ribs E) Ears
A) Joints B) Bridge of nose C) Larynx D) Ribs E) Ears
Phalanges are what classified as _____ bones. A) Long B) Short C) Flat D) Irregular
A) Long
Study of joints is called _____.
Arthrology
C1 also called _____ is responsible for _____ (_____)
Atlas nods (yes)
C2 is also called the ___ and has a projection called the ___ which fits into the C1 acting as a swivel.
Axis (rotate - no) dens
A _____ fracture breaks through the skin, causes extensive tissue damage and has a risk for infection. A) Simple B) Compound C) Greenstick
B) Compound
_____ has a thin layer of compact bone overlying spongy bone. A) Diaphysis B) Epiphysis C) Medullary Cavity D) Periosteum E) Articular cartilage
B) Epiphysis
The turning of the sole of foot inward so it faces the opposite foot. A) Adduction B) Inversion C) Eversion D) Supination E) Circumduction
B) Inversion
Hunchback can impair respiratory function. A) Scoliosis B) Kyphosis C) Lordosis
B) Kyphosis
_____ _____ are imaginary lines drawn vertically from midpoints of collarbones and parallel to the midsternal line. A) Midsternal line B) Midclavicular line C) Costal margins D) Costal angle E) Angle of Louis
B) Midclavicular line
What cells are responsible for bone formation? A) Osteons B) Osteoblasts C) Osteocyte D) Osteoclasts
B) Osteoblasts
Intramembranous ossification (select all that apply) A) Replacement of fetal cartilage skeleton with bone B) Replacement of thin connective tissue membrane with bone C) In flat bones D) In long bones E) In irregular and short bones
B) Replacement of thin connective tissue membrane with bone C) In flat bones
_____ _____ is the angle formed by the intersection of the costal margins and should be less than 90 degrees. A) Midsternal line B) Midclavicular line C) Costal margins D) Costal angle E) Angle of Louis
D) Costal angle
_____ ribs are not attached to the sternum at all. A) All B) True C) False D) Floating
D) Floating
Majority of the joints in the skeletal system are what type of joints? A) Immovable B) Movable C) Slightly movable D) Freely movable
D) Freely movable
The vertebrae are classified as _____ bone. A) Long B) Short C) Flat D) Irregular
D) Irregular
What cells are responsible for bone destruction? A) Osteons B) Osteoblasts C) Osteocyte D) Osteoclasts
D) Osteoclasts
The _____ is a tough fibrous connective tissue that covers the diaphysis. A) Diaphysis B) Epiphysis C) Medullary Cavity D) Periosteum E) Articular cartilage
D) Periosteum
This type of synovial joint can be found in the carpometacarpal A) Hinge B) Ball and socket C) Pivot D) Saddle E) Gliding F) Condyloid
D) Saddle
The _____ is a cavity or hollow space. A) Foramen B) Fossa C) Meatus D) Sinus
D) Sinus
sternomanubrial joint referenced in counting ribs located at the second rib. A) Midsternal line B) Midclavicular line C) Costal margins D) Costal angle E) Angle of Louis
E) Angle of Louis
_____ _____ is the outer surface, shiny, reduces friction within a joint. A) Diaphysis B) Epiphysis C) Medullary Cavity D) Periosteum E) Articular cartilage
E) Articular cartilage
This type of synovial joint can be found in the wrist. A) Hinge B) Ball and socket C) Pivot D) Saddle E) Gliding F) Condyloid
E) Gliding
The _____ _____ is a large hole in the occipital bone that allows the brainstem to extend downward and become the spinal cord.
Foramen Magnum
The elbow is formed by the _____ _____ of the _____ and the _____ _____ of the _____.
Olecranon process/ulna Olecranon fossa/humerus
The build up of new bone in order to fill in the space of bone breakdown is called _____ _____.
Osteoblastic Activity
Body breaking down bone in order to build it up is called _____ _____ (_____).
Osteoclastic Activity (resorption)
An _____ is a bone cell also called osseous tissue.
Osteocyte
The sections of the vertebral column in order
cervical thoracic lumbar sacrum and coccyx
Palm-down position is called ____ and the _____ crosses over the _____ in the forearm.
pronation radius ulna
The pelvis contains the _____ and the _____ which differentiates it from the pelvic girdle.
sacrum coccyx
In the midline of the _____ bone is a depression called the _____ _____ or turks saddle and forms a seat for the _____ _____.
sphenoid sella turcica pituitary gland