Chapter 9

What is a capillary

A microscopic blood vessel

Tachycardia

Rapid heartbeat

Ausculation

Using a stethoscope to listen to sounds

tricuspid

Valve with 3 cusps

Cholesterol

A normal soft, waxy substance found among the bloodstream and all body cell

Prehypertension

A systolic pressure of 120-139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of 80-89 mmHg

Fill in the blank The __ transmits electrical impulses to the bundle of His

AV Node

Dysrhthmias

Abnomality of the rhythm or rate of the heartbeat

What is an aneurysm

Abnormal widening of balloon of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the walls of the blood vessel

Bradycardia

Abnormally slow heartbeat

Vasoconstiction

Active narrowing of a blood vessel

Define Mitral Valve (MV) or Bicuspid Valve

Allows blood to flow to the left ventricle and closes to prevent its return to the left atrium

Fill in the Blank A sac formed by a local widening of the wall of an artery or a vein, usually caused by an injury or disease is called a/an ____

Aneurysm

Fill in the Blank this word is an x-ray recording of a blood vessel after the injection of a radiopaque substance ___

Angiocardiography

A/An ___ is a tumor of a blood vessel

Angioma

Describe the signs and symptoms of heart failure

Anxiety/ Restlessness Persistent cough Faster heartbeat rate Rapid Breathing Skin cyanotic and clammy

Fill in the Blank Blood exits from the left ventricle through the ___ valve

Aortic

Blood exits from the left ventricle through the?

Aortic (Semilunar) Valve

Fill in the blank __ carry blood away from the heart

Arteries

What is the difference between arteries and veins

Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins transport blood back to the heart

Fill in the blank In some older adults, the heart must work harder to pump blood because of hardening of the arteries or__ and a built up of fatty plaques in the arterial walls called __

Arterioscleroosis and atherosclerosis

Describe the difference between arterioclerosis and atherosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis - hardening of the coronary arteries Atheriosclerosis- Built up of fatty substances and hardening of the walls

Fill in the blank The Word __ means an inflammation of an artery

Arteritis

Mitral Valve

Bicuspid

Another name for the mitral valve is?

Bicuspid Valve

Fill in the Blank ____ is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the vessels

Blood Pressure

Shock

Body is not getting enough blood flow

fill in the blank The term __ means the noise or sound of venous or arterial origin heard on auscultation

Bruit

Atherosclerosis

Built up fatty substances and hardening of the walls

Fill in the Blank A surgical procedure performed to increase blood flow to the myocardium by using a section of a saphenous vein or internal mammary artery to bypass the obstructed or occluded coronary artery is called a/an ____

CABG

Fill in the Blank The most common form of heart disease is ___

CHD

MI- Heart attact

Chest pain

Describe the signs and symptoms of a heart attack

Chest pain describes as a feeling of crushing, pressure, fullness, heaviness of aching on the center of the chest

CHF

Congestive Heart Failure

The drawing together, as in the narrowing of blood vessels, is known as ___

Constriction

CABG

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

CHD

Coronary arteries narrow the flow of the blood to the heart

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Disorder that affects the blood vessels in the fingers and toes

Fill in the blanks An abnormal rhythm or rate of the heartbeat is called a/an ___

Dysrhythmia

ECG

Electrocardiogram

What is an ECG or EKG?

Electrocardiogram provides valuable information in diagnosing cardiac abnormalities

Fill in the blanks The term ___ means inflammation of the heart muscle

Endocarditis

Fill in the blank The inner lining of the heart is called __

Endocardium

The 3 layers or linings of the heart are?

Endocardium- Inner Lining Myocardium- Muscular middle layer Pericardium- Outer membranous sac

Fill in the blank The inability of the ventricles to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body is called___

Heart Failure

Fill in the Blank A tumor of a blood vessel is called a/an ____

Hemangioma

Spider Veins

Hemangioma in which numerous telangiectatic vessels radiate from a central point

HBP

High Blood Pressure

Hypertension

High blood pressure

Fill in the Blank Another name for high blood pressure is ___

Hypertension

Thrombophlebitis

Inflammation of a vein due to blood clot

Myocarditis

Inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by vival, bacterial or fungal infection

Phlebitis

Inflammation of the vein

Describe an arrhythmia

Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

Fill in the blank A/An ___ is a condition in which there is an obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign substances or a blood clot

Ischemia

Ischemia

Lack of O2 due to decrease blood supply to a part of the body caused by constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel

The left upper portion of the heart is called?

Left Atrium (LA)

LV

Left Ventricle

The lower portion of the heart is called?

Left Ventricle (LV)

Valves

Located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle

Radial

Located on the thumb side of the wrist, the most common place to take a pulse reading

Capillaries

Microscopic blood vessels with single- celled walls that connect arterioles with venules

MI

Myocardial Infarction

Fill in the blank ____ is the process of measuring the oxygen saturation of blood

Oximetry

Mitral Stenosis

Pathological condition of narrowing of the mitral valve

SA node

Peacemaker

Fill in the Blank Surgical puncture of the heart is called ____

Pericardiocentesis

PAD

Peripheral Artery Disease

Fill in the Blank _____ is the inflammation of the vein

Phlebitis

A/An ___ is the piercing of a vein with a needle for the removal of blood for analysis

Phlebotomy

Define blood pressure

Pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries

claudication

Process of lameness or limping cramping pain in the hips, thigh, calves or butt

Fill in the blank Blood leaves the lungs through the left and right ___

Pulmonary Veins

Fill in the blank Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs through the left and right ___

Pulmonary veins

Fill in the Blank The ___ is the difference between the systolic and diastolic readings

Pulse Pressure

define pulse pressure

Reads the tone of the arteries walls

RBC's

Red Blood Cells

Fill in the Blank The right upper portion of the heart is called __

Right Atrium

The right upper portion of the heart is called?

Right Atrium (RA)

RV

Right Ventricle

The right lower portion of the heart is called the?

Right Ventricle (RV)

Fill in the blank The ___ is a wall that divides the right and left heart

Septum

Fill in the blank The right and left sides of the heart are divided by a partition called __

Septum

The right and left sides of the heart are divided by a partition called the?

Septum

SOB

Shortness Of Breath

The 3 components of the neuromuscular tissue of the heart are?

Sinoatrial Node Atrioventricular Node Atrioventricular bundle

bruit

Sound of venous of arterial origin heard on auscultation

This is an instrument that listens to fetal heart tones.

Stethoscope

Coronary Bypass

Surgical procedure to assist blood flow to the myocardium

Varicose Veins

Swollen, dilated and knotted veins

Fill in the blank The term ____ means a rapid throbbing or flutter

Tachycardia

List 7 pulse points to check the rate, rhythm and condition of the arterial wall

Temporal- Temple area of the head. Used to control bleeding from the head and scalp Carotid- Neck, used for cardiac arrest Brachial- Space of the elbow, to check BP Radial- Wrist, To check pulse Femoral- Groin Area, Monitor circulation Popliteal- Behind the knees, Monitor circulation Dorsalis Pedis- Surface of the foot, Asses for peripheral artery diseae

What is the purpose of a cardiac catheterization

To diagnose heart disorder

AV node

Transmits electrical impulses to the bundle of His

Fill in the blank The __ guards the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

Tricuspid

Fill in the blank The ___ of the heart are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle

Valves

Swollen, distended and knotted veins that are usually found in the lower legs are called?

Varicose Veins

Veins

Vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues back to the heart

Atheroma

tumor of an artery containing a fatty substance