Chapter 9
What is a capillary
A microscopic blood vessel
Tachycardia
Rapid heartbeat
Ausculation
Using a stethoscope to listen to sounds
tricuspid
Valve with 3 cusps
Cholesterol
A normal soft, waxy substance found among the bloodstream and all body cell
Prehypertension
A systolic pressure of 120-139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of 80-89 mmHg
Fill in the blank The __ transmits electrical impulses to the bundle of His
AV Node
Dysrhthmias
Abnomality of the rhythm or rate of the heartbeat
What is an aneurysm
Abnormal widening of balloon of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the walls of the blood vessel
Bradycardia
Abnormally slow heartbeat
Vasoconstiction
Active narrowing of a blood vessel
Define Mitral Valve (MV) or Bicuspid Valve
Allows blood to flow to the left ventricle and closes to prevent its return to the left atrium
Fill in the Blank A sac formed by a local widening of the wall of an artery or a vein, usually caused by an injury or disease is called a/an ____
Aneurysm
Fill in the Blank this word is an x-ray recording of a blood vessel after the injection of a radiopaque substance ___
Angiocardiography
A/An ___ is a tumor of a blood vessel
Angioma
Describe the signs and symptoms of heart failure
Anxiety/ Restlessness Persistent cough Faster heartbeat rate Rapid Breathing Skin cyanotic and clammy
Fill in the Blank Blood exits from the left ventricle through the ___ valve
Aortic
Blood exits from the left ventricle through the?
Aortic (Semilunar) Valve
Fill in the blank __ carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
What is the difference between arteries and veins
Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins transport blood back to the heart
Fill in the blank In some older adults, the heart must work harder to pump blood because of hardening of the arteries or__ and a built up of fatty plaques in the arterial walls called __
Arterioscleroosis and atherosclerosis
Describe the difference between arterioclerosis and atherosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis - hardening of the coronary arteries Atheriosclerosis- Built up of fatty substances and hardening of the walls
Fill in the blank The Word __ means an inflammation of an artery
Arteritis
Mitral Valve
Bicuspid
Another name for the mitral valve is?
Bicuspid Valve
Fill in the Blank ____ is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the vessels
Blood Pressure
Shock
Body is not getting enough blood flow
fill in the blank The term __ means the noise or sound of venous or arterial origin heard on auscultation
Bruit
Atherosclerosis
Built up fatty substances and hardening of the walls
Fill in the Blank A surgical procedure performed to increase blood flow to the myocardium by using a section of a saphenous vein or internal mammary artery to bypass the obstructed or occluded coronary artery is called a/an ____
CABG
Fill in the Blank The most common form of heart disease is ___
CHD
MI- Heart attact
Chest pain
Describe the signs and symptoms of a heart attack
Chest pain describes as a feeling of crushing, pressure, fullness, heaviness of aching on the center of the chest
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
The drawing together, as in the narrowing of blood vessels, is known as ___
Constriction
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
CHD
Coronary arteries narrow the flow of the blood to the heart
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Disorder that affects the blood vessels in the fingers and toes
Fill in the blanks An abnormal rhythm or rate of the heartbeat is called a/an ___
Dysrhythmia
ECG
Electrocardiogram
What is an ECG or EKG?
Electrocardiogram provides valuable information in diagnosing cardiac abnormalities
Fill in the blanks The term ___ means inflammation of the heart muscle
Endocarditis
Fill in the blank The inner lining of the heart is called __
Endocardium
The 3 layers or linings of the heart are?
Endocardium- Inner Lining Myocardium- Muscular middle layer Pericardium- Outer membranous sac
Fill in the blank The inability of the ventricles to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body is called___
Heart Failure
Fill in the Blank A tumor of a blood vessel is called a/an ____
Hemangioma
Spider Veins
Hemangioma in which numerous telangiectatic vessels radiate from a central point
HBP
High Blood Pressure
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Fill in the Blank Another name for high blood pressure is ___
Hypertension
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of a vein due to blood clot
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart muscle that is usually caused by vival, bacterial or fungal infection
Phlebitis
Inflammation of the vein
Describe an arrhythmia
Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat
Fill in the blank A/An ___ is a condition in which there is an obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign substances or a blood clot
Ischemia
Ischemia
Lack of O2 due to decrease blood supply to a part of the body caused by constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel
The left upper portion of the heart is called?
Left Atrium (LA)
LV
Left Ventricle
The lower portion of the heart is called?
Left Ventricle (LV)
Valves
Located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle
Radial
Located on the thumb side of the wrist, the most common place to take a pulse reading
Capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels with single- celled walls that connect arterioles with venules
MI
Myocardial Infarction
Fill in the blank ____ is the process of measuring the oxygen saturation of blood
Oximetry
Mitral Stenosis
Pathological condition of narrowing of the mitral valve
SA node
Peacemaker
Fill in the Blank Surgical puncture of the heart is called ____
Pericardiocentesis
PAD
Peripheral Artery Disease
Fill in the Blank _____ is the inflammation of the vein
Phlebitis
A/An ___ is the piercing of a vein with a needle for the removal of blood for analysis
Phlebotomy
Define blood pressure
Pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries
claudication
Process of lameness or limping cramping pain in the hips, thigh, calves or butt
Fill in the blank Blood leaves the lungs through the left and right ___
Pulmonary Veins
Fill in the blank Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs through the left and right ___
Pulmonary veins
Fill in the Blank The ___ is the difference between the systolic and diastolic readings
Pulse Pressure
define pulse pressure
Reads the tone of the arteries walls
RBC's
Red Blood Cells
Fill in the Blank The right upper portion of the heart is called __
Right Atrium
The right upper portion of the heart is called?
Right Atrium (RA)
RV
Right Ventricle
The right lower portion of the heart is called the?
Right Ventricle (RV)
Fill in the blank The ___ is a wall that divides the right and left heart
Septum
Fill in the blank The right and left sides of the heart are divided by a partition called __
Septum
The right and left sides of the heart are divided by a partition called the?
Septum
SOB
Shortness Of Breath
The 3 components of the neuromuscular tissue of the heart are?
Sinoatrial Node Atrioventricular Node Atrioventricular bundle
bruit
Sound of venous of arterial origin heard on auscultation
This is an instrument that listens to fetal heart tones.
Stethoscope
Coronary Bypass
Surgical procedure to assist blood flow to the myocardium
Varicose Veins
Swollen, dilated and knotted veins
Fill in the blank The term ____ means a rapid throbbing or flutter
Tachycardia
List 7 pulse points to check the rate, rhythm and condition of the arterial wall
Temporal- Temple area of the head. Used to control bleeding from the head and scalp Carotid- Neck, used for cardiac arrest Brachial- Space of the elbow, to check BP Radial- Wrist, To check pulse Femoral- Groin Area, Monitor circulation Popliteal- Behind the knees, Monitor circulation Dorsalis Pedis- Surface of the foot, Asses for peripheral artery diseae
What is the purpose of a cardiac catheterization
To diagnose heart disorder
AV node
Transmits electrical impulses to the bundle of His
Fill in the blank The __ guards the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
Tricuspid
Fill in the blank The ___ of the heart are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle
Valves
Swollen, distended and knotted veins that are usually found in the lower legs are called?
Varicose Veins
Veins
Vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues back to the heart
Atheroma
tumor of an artery containing a fatty substance