Chapter 9 The Civil War & Reconstruction

Congress passed which 3 new amendments to the Constitution. These are known as the Freedom Amendments

13th amendment 14th amendment 15th amendment

How long did the Battle of Gettysburg last and who won?

3 days / The Union Army

abolitionist

A person who works to end or git rid of something

secession

A separation from a nation

What is sharecropping

A system where farmers rented land from the landowner and paid rent with a share of the crop.

Who was the President of the Union

Abraham Lincoln

Who took over the Presidency after Lincoln died?

Andrew Johnson, his Vice President

What was Clara Barton's nickname?

Angel of the Battlefield

Where did General Lee surrender to General Grant?

Appomattox Court House

When was the Civil War over

April 9, 1865

Lincoln was shot

At Ford's Theatre, in the back of the head.

What were the 3 actions that the anaconda plan would accomplish

Attack from east to west Control the Mississippi River Put a naval blockade at all southern ports

Why did the south secede from the Union?

Because the Union wanted the south to end slavery. This would not only take away their states' rights, but it also would hinder their way of life.

What were 3 jobs that African Americans did to help in the war effort?

Cooks Nurses Spies

The 14th Amendment

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

What Fort did the South attack that started the Civil War?

Fort Sumter

The Freedmen's Bureau's job was to:

Help the Freed Slaves get an education and health care. They built hospitals and schools for Freedmen.

Who was the president of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis

What happened at Harper's Ferry with John Brown?

John Brown, an abolitionist and 22 other m en raided a Confederate army base at Harper's Ferry in hopes to get weapons to fight against the confederate soldiers. John Brown got caught, he was tried, and then hanged.

The man who shot and killed Lincoln

John Wilkes Booth

What did Lincoln accomplish before he died?

Lincoln ended slavery and managed to save the Union.

Assassinate

Murder an (important person) in a surprise attack for political or religious reasons.

carpetbaggers

Northerners that came to the South in order to help rebuild the South, but took advantage of the people.

This was a new technology that allowed regular citizens to experience the war at home.

Photographs

Who was the General of the Confederate Army?

Robert E. Lee

Describe the life of a soldier during the Civil War.

Soldiers had a difficult life during the Civil War. The troops were short on supplies and sometimes they would fight and/ or march in their bare feet.

The 15th Amendent

States could not deny the citizens the right to vote based on race, yet it did not specify that women could vote

What were the main causes of the Civil War?

States' rights, keeping the Union together, the south wanting to keep slavery as their way of life.

3 new weapons used during the Civil War

Submarines Ironclad ships Hand grenades

This was the first win for the Union Army. It was a major turning point in the Civil War.

The Battle of Gettysburg.

President Lincoln was very famous for this speech.

The Gettysburg Address

What part of the nation suffered the most by the Civil War?

The South

What did most freedmen do as a job after they were granted their freedom?

The freedmen entered into sharecropping.

Who was Harriet Tubman?

The most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad. She was also a scout for the Union army

states right

The right of each to make its own laws

confederacy

The southern states who left and created their own nation

union

The united states that remained a part of the nation and fought in the civil war

Johnson v Congress on reconstruction

They did not get along. Johnson thought it wasn't fair that the South was not being represented in the changing of the Constitution.

What were black codes

They were laws passed that limited the freedom of African Americans specifically in the southern states.

What was the main goal of the Anaconda Plan?

To Squeeze the south

Sherman declared this act of war in hope to destroy everything the South might use to fight in the war.

Total War

Who was the General of the Union Army?

Ulysses S. Grant

What did Johnson keep doing to Congress's bills?

Vetoing them.

Explain the Missouri Compromise

When Missouri wanted to join the Union a a Free state, but the south complained so they compromised and Missouri cam to the Union as a slave state while Maine came to the Union as a free state.

Juneteenth

a festival held annually on the nineteenth of June by African Americans (especially in the southern states), to commemorate emancipation from slavery in the Texas on that day 1865.

Siege

a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or a building, and cut off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of those inside

underground railroad

a network of houses and shelter for escaped slaves before the civil war

Proclamation

a public or official announcement, especially one dealing with a matter of great importances.

What was the Ku Klux Klan?

a secret society formed by white southerners that opposed civil rights for African Americans

Reconstruction

a thing that has been rebuilt after being damaged or destroyed

total war

a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of the war are disregarded.

The 13 Amendment

abolished slavery

Blockade

an act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from leaving or entering

5 days after the war ended, President Lincoln was

assassinated

Black codes

black codes were laws passed by Democrat -controlled Southern states in 1865-1866, after the Civil War

There were white northerners who came to the south to "help" the rebuilding of the south

carpetbaggers

The Civil War was the most ______________ war in America's history.

destructive

Enlist

enroll or be enrolled in the armed service

The Union simply wanted the Nation to start ______________.

healing.

What did women hide from soldiers so they wouldn't take their food?

live stock

Grant did not take any soldiers _______________.

prisoner

This was a negative word that southerners who supported Reconstruction were called.

scalawags

Sharecropping

sharecropping is a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant use the land in return for a share crop

Impeachment

the action of calling into a question the integrity or validity of something

Emancipation

the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation.

Segregation

the separation of races

The Union offered the confederate soldiers 3 things before sending them away.

their weapons, their horses, some food.