Chemistry Chapter 5

What is the set charge for Ag

+

How would you describe the format used to represent an ionic compound?

1.) Subscripts in the formula for an ionic compound are always reduced to the simplest ratio 2.) In the formula of an ionic compound the cation is always placed first 3.) The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscript

Describe how to draw the Lewis dot symbol for a given element.

1.) The Lewis dot symbol includes only the valence electrons for the element 2.) The group number of a main element gives the number of valence electrons 3.) One dot is placed on each side of the element symbol before pairing any dots

Describe how to calculate a molecular or formula mass for a compound.

1.) The atomic mass of a cation or anion is the same as the mass of the neutral element 2.) In a formula such as Ca(NO3)2, all subscripts of atoms in parentheses must be multiplied by 2 3.) The formula/molecular mass is derived from the sum of the masses of all atoms of the component elements

What are the general characteristics of a covalent bond?

1.) The covalent bond involves the attraction between the nucleus of each atom and the electrons of the other. 2.) A covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms

Which of the following statements correctly describe molar mass?

1.) The molar mass is the mass in grams per mole of the substance 2.) The periodic table can be used to calculate the molar mass of any substance

Describe how to name acids.

1.) The name of a binary acid contains the nonmetal root with the suffix -ic 2.) Binary acids are named using the prefix hydro-

How do you correctly name a binary molecular compound?

1.) The name of the first element remains unchanged, except for the addition of a prefix where appropriate 2.) A Greek numerical prefix is used to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound 3.) The second element is named with its root and the suffix -ide.

What is the set charge for Cd?

2+

What is the set charge for Zn?

2+

What is the set charge for Al?

3+

Molecular formula

Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

(NH4)+

Ammonium

The ion charge is calculated by subtracting 8 from the group number

Anions

Why will Zn never have the roman numerals (II)?

Because zinc only forms one cation and therefore roman numerals should not be used.

How do you calculate formula and molecular mass?

By using the chemical formula of the relevant compound and atomic masses obtained from the periodic table. The sum of the atomic masses in the correct proportions gives the formula or molecular mass of the compound.

T or F. A covalent bond is typically observed when a metal bonds with a nonmetal

False. An ionic compound is observed when a metal bonds with a nonmetal.

T or F. The term molar mass applies to compounds but not elements

False. It applies to both

OH-

Hydroxide

The bond typically observed when a metal bonds to a nonmetal is the...?

Ionic bond

The ion charge - equals the group number

Main-group elements

NO3-

Nitrate

NO2-

Nitrite

What is the name of O2-

Oxide

(PO4)3-

Phosphate

Structural formula

Shows the relative placement and connections of atoms in a molecule

Lattice Energy

The amount of energy required to convert a mole of ionic solid to its constituent ions in the gas phase.

Empirical formula

The simplest whole number ratio of elements in a compound

T or F. When naming a binary compound, the cation is always named first and the anion second.

True

When naming a molecular compound, the number of ... of each element is indicated by a Greek numerical prefix. The first element in the name is numbered only when more than ... atom of that element is present.

atoms, one

A molecule is an independent structure composed of two or more atoms chemically ... together. A molecule composed of two atoms of the same element is called a homonuclear ... molecule

bonded, diatomic

The term molecular mass can only be applied to a ... compound since ... compounds do not consist of molecules. The correct term in this case is ... mass.

covalent, ionic, formula

In a given chemical compound, the component ... are present in ... proportions by mass, regardless of the source of the compound

elements, fixed

To name an anion, the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix....

ide

Roman numerals are used to specify the charge on a transition metal that can form more than one possible

ion.

The metal atom ... one or more valence electrons while the nonmetal ... electrons.

loses, gains

Describe hydrates

1.) Heating a hydrate can remove some or all of the water molecules from the compound 2.) A hydrate is named using a Greek prefix to indicate the number of water molecules per unit 3.) A hydrate contains a specific number of water molecules per formula unit of compound

What are the characteristics of compounds?

1.) A compound contains a fixed number of atoms in its formula 2.) A compound has a fixed mass ratio of its components 3.) A compound is a pure substance

Describe ionic bonding.

1.) An ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions 2.) Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to a nonmetal