Chemistry Exam 2

How many moles of HCl are there in 75.0 mL of 0.150 M HCl?

0.15X0.075=0.01125, =0.0113

Which of the following is a chemical change? A) Cooking an egg, B)Mixing oil and water, C)tearing a piece of paper, D)Watching a DVD

A

CO32-

Carbonate

HCO3-

Hydrogen Carbonate

Provide the correct IUPAC name for HgO.

Mercury (II) Oxide

Write the chemical formula nickel (II) Iodide

Nil2

NO3-

Nitrate

PO4 3-

Phosphate

Chemical formula for thiosulfate

S2O3 2-

Chemical formula for sulfite

So 3 2-

anion vs cation

anion is negative, cation is positive

What is a catalyst

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

A chamber contains equal molar amounts of He, Ne, Ar, and Kr. If the total chamber pressure is 1 atm, then the partial pressure (in atm) of Kr is:

0.25

300.0 mL of a 0.400 M solution of NaI is diluted to 700.0 mL. What is the new concentration of the solution?

0.4X0.3=0.12, 0.12/0.7= 0.171

What volume, in L, of 1.1 M FeCl₃ would be required to obtain 0.70 moles of Cl⁻ ions?

1.1x3=3.3, 0.7/3.3=0.21

What is the molarity of ions in a 0.587 M solution of Li₂SO₄ assuming the compound dissociates completely?

1.76

One parts-per-billion means means 1 part of solute for every _____ parts of solution.

10^9

Calculate the mass percent by volume of 42.6 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆, MM = 180.2 g/mol) in 325 mL of solution.

13.1%- 42.6/325 X 100

What is the concentration in %m/v of a 0.471 M aqueous solution of ethanol (MM = 46.07 g/mol)?

46.07 x0.471=21.7/10 =2.17%

One way to measure temperature in some applications is to monitor the gas pressure in a rigid, closed container. What is the final temperature (in °C) of such a vessel, calibrated to initially read 1.00 atm at 0.00 °C, if the pressure changes to 1.25 atm?

68.29 C. P1/T1=P2/T2. Convert Celsius to Kelvin for all pressure equations.

Definition of unsaturated

A solution that contains less than the maximum amount of dissolved solute in a concentration.

Definition of saturated

A solution that contains the exact amount of dissolved solute in a concentration.

Which of the following compounds exhibits both ionic and covalent (molecular) bonding? A) CaSO3, B) SO3, C) S3CL2, D) CoS

A- This compound contains a metal and a polyatomic ion consisting of nonmetals. The polyatomic ion is held together by covalent bonding while the ions are held together by ionic bonding.

Write the chemical formula for aluminum oxide

A12O3

Chemical formula for Aluminum Hydroxide

AI(OH)3

Write the chemical formula for aluminum oxide

Al2O3

NH4+

Ammonium

Based only on intermolecular forces, which of the following would be the most soluble in CH₃OH? A)CH3CH2OCH2CH3, B)CH3CH2OH, C) CH3OCH3, D)CH3CH2CH3

B- Molecules with a C-O, such as ethers, can experience dipole-dipole forces with CH3OHCH3OH and can act as a hydrogen bond acceptor, while molecules with an O-H bond can experience dipole-dipole forces and can act as both a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor with CH3OHCH3OH. CH3CH2CH3CH3CH2CH3 can only experience dispersion forces. Molecules that experience greater intermolecular forces will be more soluble in each other therefore, CH3CH2OHCH3CH2OH will be the most soluble in CH3OHCH3OH.

Chemical formula for Barium Flouride

BaF2

Provide the correct IUPAC name for BaO.

Barium Oxide

Properties of gas at molecular level

Based on its molecular arrangements few of the properties of gases are: Particles often collide with each other and with the wall of the container but due to its high elasticity there is no net loss of energy from the particles of gas. There is no force of attraction or repulsion between the molecules of the gas.

Chemical formula for hypobromite

BrO-

Chemical formula for bromite

BrO2-

Chemical formulae for bromate

BrO3-

Provide the correct IUPAC name for BrCl₃.

Bromine Trichloride

Which of the following substances is least soluble in water? A)CH3OH, B)CH3CH2OH, C) CH3CH2OCH2CH3, D)NaCl, E) NaHCO3

C) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃-While diethyl ether has slightly polar C-O bonds and can be a hydrogen bond acceptor, the CH3CH2CH3CH2-groups are non-polar and will not interact with water, so it is only very slightly soluble in water.

Which one of the following can be classified as a strong electrolyte? A)C6H12O6, B) CH3OH, C) NH4NO3, D)HC2H3O2, E)H2O

C-NH4NO3NH4NO3 dissolves in water and completely dissociates into ammonium ions and nitrate ions. Therefore it is classified as a strong electrolyte.

Equation for dilution

C1V1=C2V2

Chemical formula for Acetate

C2H3O2-

Chemical formula for oxalate

C2O4 2-

Write the chemical formula for carbon tetraflouride

CF4

Chemical formula for cyanide

CN-

Write the chemical formula for Cesium Phosphide

CS3P

Chemical formula for Calcium Hydroxide

Ca(OH)2

Write the chemical formula for calcium hydroxide

Ca(OH)2

Write the chemical formula for calcium Oxide

CaO

Provide the correct IUPAC name for CaCl₂.

Calcium Chloride

Ca (NO3)2

Calcium Nitrate

What is the difference between a physical and chemical change

Chemical change affects composition, physical change affects appearance.

Provide the correct IUPAC name for ClF₃.

Chlorine TriFlouride

Write the chemical formula for dichlorine heptoxide

Cl 2 O7

Provide the correct IUPAC name for CoO.

Cobalt (II) Oxide

Who is the best volleyball captain?

Colton

Provide the correct IUPAC name for CuBr₂.

Copper (II) Bromide

Write the chemical formula for chromium (II) Oxide

Cr2 O3

Chemical formula for dichromate

Cr2O7 2-

Chemical formula for chromate

CrO4 2-

Predict the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by the elements Cs and P

Cs3P cesium forms +1 ions and phosphorus forms -3 ions.

Write the chemical formula for Copper (1) Carbonate

Cu2CO3

Write the chemical formula for copper (II) Bromide

CuBR2

Write the chemical formula for copper (I) chloride

CuCl

Write the chemical formula for copper (II) oxide

CuO

Balance the following chemical equation (if necessary) for the combustion reaction of propane: C3H8 (g) +O2- Co2(g) +H20(g)

C₃H₈(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 3 CO₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g)

Consider the intermolecular forces present in a pure sample of each of the following compounds: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ and CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂. Identify the intermolecular forces that these compounds have in common.

Dispersion Forces. CH3CH2CH2NH2 exhibits hydrogen bonding, however CH3CH2CH2CH3 does not, neither does it have polar bonds, meaning that dipole dipole attraction is not existent.

Write the chemical formula for Iron (II) Hydroxide

Fe(OH)2

Write the chemical formula for Iron (III) Hydroxide

Fe(OH)3

Write the chemical formula for Iron (III) Carbonate

Fe2(CO3)3

Write the chemical formula for iron(III) oxide

Fe2O3

Write the chemical formula for Iron (II) Bromide

FeBr2

Write the chemical formula for iron (II) chloride

FeCl2

Equation for self-ionization of water

H2O --> H+ + OH-

Chemical formula for dihydrogen phosphate

H2PO4-

Chemical formula for hydrogen carbonate

HCO3-

Chemical formula for Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO4 2-

Chemical formula for hydrogen sulfate

HSO4-

OH-

Hydroxide

If the extracellular fluid outside the cell has a higher osmolarity than the cell's cytoplasm inside the cell, then it's said to be a _________ solution and the net flow of water will be ________.

Hypertonic, Out of cell

Properties of solid at molecular level

In the solid state, the individual particles of a substance are in fixed positions with respect to each other because there is not enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular interactions between the particles. As a result, solids have a definite shape and volume. Most solids are hard, but some (like waxes) are relatively soft.

Difference between ionic and covalent compounds

Ionic typically contains a metallic element, whereas covalent does not with the exception of NH4+

Provide the correct IUPAC name for FeBr₂.

Iron (II) Bromide

Write the chemical formula for lithium Bromide

LiBr

Provide the correct IUPAC name for LiBr.

Lithium Bromide

Write the chemical formula for magnesium nitride

Mg3N2

Chemical formula for permanganate

MnO4-

What are polar molecules

Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges

What are non polar molecules

Molecules that have no charge at all; they are completely neutral.

Write the chemical formula for Nitrogen trichloride

NCl3

Write the chemical formula for Nitrogen Monoxide

NO

Chemical formula for nitrite

NO2-

Chemical formula for nitrate

No3-

Chemical formula for peroxide

O2 2-

What is true about the solubility of O₂ (g) in H₂O (l), relating to pressure?

O2 would be more soluble at higher pressures

Chemical formula for Hydroxide

Oh-

Definition of pressure

P=F/A

Write the chemical formula for phosphorus trihydride

PH3

Write the chemical formula for disulfur decaflouride

S2F10

Chemical formula for thiocyanate

SCN-

Write the chemical formula for sulfur dioxide

SO2

Provide the correct IUPAC name for SeF₂.

Selenium diFlouride

Provide the correct IUPAC name for AgI.

Silver Iodide

Definition of hypotonic

Solute concentration in cell is greater than outside of cell

SO42-

Sulfate

Provide the correct IUPAC name for TeF₄.

Telenium tetra flouride

If the pressure on a movable piston of a closed container is doubled, what will happen?

Temperature will increase and volume will decrease, but to what extent is variable.

Definition of diffusion

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Describe the process of solvation

The process in which solvent molecules surround positively and negatively charged ions.

What is Boyle's Law?

The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas. P varies inversely with V. P1V1 = P2V2.

Write the chemical formula for Zinc selenide

ZnSe

Definition of isotonic

a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell

Definition of electrolyte

a substance that dissolves in water and conducts electricity. Weaker ones dissolve less.

What are chemical equations

concise representations of chemical reactions

Definition of hypertonic

describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell

Equation for heat

q=mc∆T

Definition of osmosis

refers to the diffusion of water molecules (from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration) across a selectively permeable membrane.

Water is a polar molecule because

water is a bent molecule and oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.

Chemical formula for hypochlorite

ClO-

Properties of liquid at molecular level

A true liquid is isotropic, meaning that its properties are uniform in all directions— the result of its molecules being in constant random motion.

Chemical formula for chlorite

ClO2-

Provide the correct IUPAC name for Ca₃P₂.

Calcium Phosphide

Chemical formula for chlorate

ClO3-

Difference between endothermic and exothermic reaction

Endothermic reactions absorb energy from surrounding system in the surrounding system in form of heat, whereas exothermic reactions release energy into the surrounding system.

Chemical formula for hyrdonium

H3O+

Definition of colloid

Heterogeneous mixture with particles 1nm-> 1000 nm in diameter

Chemical formula for Mercury (I)

Hg2^2+

How does increased pressure affect gases?

It increases solubility and number of molecules per unit of volume

Which of the following would you expect to have the lowest boiling point? A) H2 B)F2, C)HF, D) H2S

H2, Compounds with weaker intermolecular forces will have lower boiling points. H2 is a nonpolar molecule exhibiting only dispersions forces, which are weaker for molecules with fewer electrons. H2 has the fewest electrons of all the molecules. Therefore, H2 has the weakest intermolecular forces and the lowest boiling point.

When molecules absorb heat, there is an increase in

Kinetic Energy

Provide the correct IUPAC name for Li₂S

Lithium Sulfide

Write the chemical formula for sodium nitride

Na3N

Chemical formula for phosphate

Po43-

Provide the correct IUPAC name for KF.

Potassium Flouride

How does thermal energy effect substances?

When thermal energy is added to a substance, its temperature increases, which can change its state from solid to liquid (melting), liquid to gas (vaporization), or solid to gas (sublimation).

Formula for concentration

C=M/V, where M equals mass dissolved in moles and v equals volume of solution

Chemical formula for Perchlorate

ClO4-

What is activation energy

energy needed to start a reaction

Definition of dialysis

process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Chemical formula for cadmium sulfide

CdS

Provide the correct IUPAC name for Cs₃P.

Cesium Phosphide