Chemistry Exam 2
How many moles of HCl are there in 75.0 mL of 0.150 M HCl?
0.15X0.075=0.01125, =0.0113
Which of the following is a chemical change? A) Cooking an egg, B)Mixing oil and water, C)tearing a piece of paper, D)Watching a DVD
A
CO32-
Carbonate
HCO3-
Hydrogen Carbonate
Provide the correct IUPAC name for HgO.
Mercury (II) Oxide
Write the chemical formula nickel (II) Iodide
Nil2
NO3-
Nitrate
PO4 3-
Phosphate
Chemical formula for thiosulfate
S2O3 2-
Chemical formula for sulfite
So 3 2-
anion vs cation
anion is negative, cation is positive
What is a catalyst
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
A chamber contains equal molar amounts of He, Ne, Ar, and Kr. If the total chamber pressure is 1 atm, then the partial pressure (in atm) of Kr is:
0.25
300.0 mL of a 0.400 M solution of NaI is diluted to 700.0 mL. What is the new concentration of the solution?
0.4X0.3=0.12, 0.12/0.7= 0.171
What volume, in L, of 1.1 M FeCl₃ would be required to obtain 0.70 moles of Cl⁻ ions?
1.1x3=3.3, 0.7/3.3=0.21
What is the molarity of ions in a 0.587 M solution of Li₂SO₄ assuming the compound dissociates completely?
1.76
One parts-per-billion means means 1 part of solute for every _____ parts of solution.
10^9
Calculate the mass percent by volume of 42.6 g of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆, MM = 180.2 g/mol) in 325 mL of solution.
13.1%- 42.6/325 X 100
What is the concentration in %m/v of a 0.471 M aqueous solution of ethanol (MM = 46.07 g/mol)?
46.07 x0.471=21.7/10 =2.17%
One way to measure temperature in some applications is to monitor the gas pressure in a rigid, closed container. What is the final temperature (in °C) of such a vessel, calibrated to initially read 1.00 atm at 0.00 °C, if the pressure changes to 1.25 atm?
68.29 C. P1/T1=P2/T2. Convert Celsius to Kelvin for all pressure equations.
Definition of unsaturated
A solution that contains less than the maximum amount of dissolved solute in a concentration.
Definition of saturated
A solution that contains the exact amount of dissolved solute in a concentration.
Which of the following compounds exhibits both ionic and covalent (molecular) bonding? A) CaSO3, B) SO3, C) S3CL2, D) CoS
A- This compound contains a metal and a polyatomic ion consisting of nonmetals. The polyatomic ion is held together by covalent bonding while the ions are held together by ionic bonding.
Write the chemical formula for aluminum oxide
A12O3
Chemical formula for Aluminum Hydroxide
AI(OH)3
Write the chemical formula for aluminum oxide
Al2O3
NH4+
Ammonium
Based only on intermolecular forces, which of the following would be the most soluble in CH₃OH? A)CH3CH2OCH2CH3, B)CH3CH2OH, C) CH3OCH3, D)CH3CH2CH3
B- Molecules with a C-O, such as ethers, can experience dipole-dipole forces with CH3OHCH3OH and can act as a hydrogen bond acceptor, while molecules with an O-H bond can experience dipole-dipole forces and can act as both a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor with CH3OHCH3OH. CH3CH2CH3CH3CH2CH3 can only experience dispersion forces. Molecules that experience greater intermolecular forces will be more soluble in each other therefore, CH3CH2OHCH3CH2OH will be the most soluble in CH3OHCH3OH.
Chemical formula for Barium Flouride
BaF2
Provide the correct IUPAC name for BaO.
Barium Oxide
Properties of gas at molecular level
Based on its molecular arrangements few of the properties of gases are: Particles often collide with each other and with the wall of the container but due to its high elasticity there is no net loss of energy from the particles of gas. There is no force of attraction or repulsion between the molecules of the gas.
Chemical formula for hypobromite
BrO-
Chemical formula for bromite
BrO2-
Chemical formulae for bromate
BrO3-
Provide the correct IUPAC name for BrCl₃.
Bromine Trichloride
Which of the following substances is least soluble in water? A)CH3OH, B)CH3CH2OH, C) CH3CH2OCH2CH3, D)NaCl, E) NaHCO3
C) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃-While diethyl ether has slightly polar C-O bonds and can be a hydrogen bond acceptor, the CH3CH2CH3CH2-groups are non-polar and will not interact with water, so it is only very slightly soluble in water.
Which one of the following can be classified as a strong electrolyte? A)C6H12O6, B) CH3OH, C) NH4NO3, D)HC2H3O2, E)H2O
C-NH4NO3NH4NO3 dissolves in water and completely dissociates into ammonium ions and nitrate ions. Therefore it is classified as a strong electrolyte.
Equation for dilution
C1V1=C2V2
Chemical formula for Acetate
C2H3O2-
Chemical formula for oxalate
C2O4 2-
Write the chemical formula for carbon tetraflouride
CF4
Chemical formula for cyanide
CN-
Write the chemical formula for Cesium Phosphide
CS3P
Chemical formula for Calcium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Write the chemical formula for calcium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Write the chemical formula for calcium Oxide
CaO
Provide the correct IUPAC name for CaCl₂.
Calcium Chloride
Ca (NO3)2
Calcium Nitrate
What is the difference between a physical and chemical change
Chemical change affects composition, physical change affects appearance.
Provide the correct IUPAC name for ClF₃.
Chlorine TriFlouride
Write the chemical formula for dichlorine heptoxide
Cl 2 O7
Provide the correct IUPAC name for CoO.
Cobalt (II) Oxide
Who is the best volleyball captain?
Colton
Provide the correct IUPAC name for CuBr₂.
Copper (II) Bromide
Write the chemical formula for chromium (II) Oxide
Cr2 O3
Chemical formula for dichromate
Cr2O7 2-
Chemical formula for chromate
CrO4 2-
Predict the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by the elements Cs and P
Cs3P cesium forms +1 ions and phosphorus forms -3 ions.
Write the chemical formula for Copper (1) Carbonate
Cu2CO3
Write the chemical formula for copper (II) Bromide
CuBR2
Write the chemical formula for copper (I) chloride
CuCl
Write the chemical formula for copper (II) oxide
CuO
Balance the following chemical equation (if necessary) for the combustion reaction of propane: C3H8 (g) +O2- Co2(g) +H20(g)
C₃H₈(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 3 CO₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g)
Consider the intermolecular forces present in a pure sample of each of the following compounds: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ and CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂. Identify the intermolecular forces that these compounds have in common.
Dispersion Forces. CH3CH2CH2NH2 exhibits hydrogen bonding, however CH3CH2CH2CH3 does not, neither does it have polar bonds, meaning that dipole dipole attraction is not existent.
Write the chemical formula for Iron (II) Hydroxide
Fe(OH)2
Write the chemical formula for Iron (III) Hydroxide
Fe(OH)3
Write the chemical formula for Iron (III) Carbonate
Fe2(CO3)3
Write the chemical formula for iron(III) oxide
Fe2O3
Write the chemical formula for Iron (II) Bromide
FeBr2
Write the chemical formula for iron (II) chloride
FeCl2
Equation for self-ionization of water
H2O --> H+ + OH-
Chemical formula for dihydrogen phosphate
H2PO4-
Chemical formula for hydrogen carbonate
HCO3-
Chemical formula for Hydrogen Phosphate
HPO4 2-
Chemical formula for hydrogen sulfate
HSO4-
OH-
Hydroxide
If the extracellular fluid outside the cell has a higher osmolarity than the cell's cytoplasm inside the cell, then it's said to be a _________ solution and the net flow of water will be ________.
Hypertonic, Out of cell
Properties of solid at molecular level
In the solid state, the individual particles of a substance are in fixed positions with respect to each other because there is not enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular interactions between the particles. As a result, solids have a definite shape and volume. Most solids are hard, but some (like waxes) are relatively soft.
Difference between ionic and covalent compounds
Ionic typically contains a metallic element, whereas covalent does not with the exception of NH4+
Provide the correct IUPAC name for FeBr₂.
Iron (II) Bromide
Write the chemical formula for lithium Bromide
LiBr
Provide the correct IUPAC name for LiBr.
Lithium Bromide
Write the chemical formula for magnesium nitride
Mg3N2
Chemical formula for permanganate
MnO4-
What are polar molecules
Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges
What are non polar molecules
Molecules that have no charge at all; they are completely neutral.
Write the chemical formula for Nitrogen trichloride
NCl3
Write the chemical formula for Nitrogen Monoxide
NO
Chemical formula for nitrite
NO2-
Chemical formula for nitrate
No3-
Chemical formula for peroxide
O2 2-
What is true about the solubility of O₂ (g) in H₂O (l), relating to pressure?
O2 would be more soluble at higher pressures
Chemical formula for Hydroxide
Oh-
Definition of pressure
P=F/A
Write the chemical formula for phosphorus trihydride
PH3
Write the chemical formula for disulfur decaflouride
S2F10
Chemical formula for thiocyanate
SCN-
Write the chemical formula for sulfur dioxide
SO2
Provide the correct IUPAC name for SeF₂.
Selenium diFlouride
Provide the correct IUPAC name for AgI.
Silver Iodide
Definition of hypotonic
Solute concentration in cell is greater than outside of cell
SO42-
Sulfate
Provide the correct IUPAC name for TeF₄.
Telenium tetra flouride
If the pressure on a movable piston of a closed container is doubled, what will happen?
Temperature will increase and volume will decrease, but to what extent is variable.
Definition of diffusion
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Describe the process of solvation
The process in which solvent molecules surround positively and negatively charged ions.
What is Boyle's Law?
The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas. P varies inversely with V. P1V1 = P2V2.
Write the chemical formula for Zinc selenide
ZnSe
Definition of isotonic
a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
Definition of electrolyte
a substance that dissolves in water and conducts electricity. Weaker ones dissolve less.
What are chemical equations
concise representations of chemical reactions
Definition of hypertonic
describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell
Equation for heat
q=mc∆T
Definition of osmosis
refers to the diffusion of water molecules (from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration) across a selectively permeable membrane.
Water is a polar molecule because
water is a bent molecule and oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.
Chemical formula for hypochlorite
ClO-
Properties of liquid at molecular level
A true liquid is isotropic, meaning that its properties are uniform in all directions— the result of its molecules being in constant random motion.
Chemical formula for chlorite
ClO2-
Provide the correct IUPAC name for Ca₃P₂.
Calcium Phosphide
Chemical formula for chlorate
ClO3-
Difference between endothermic and exothermic reaction
Endothermic reactions absorb energy from surrounding system in the surrounding system in form of heat, whereas exothermic reactions release energy into the surrounding system.
Chemical formula for hyrdonium
H3O+
Definition of colloid
Heterogeneous mixture with particles 1nm-> 1000 nm in diameter
Chemical formula for Mercury (I)
Hg2^2+
How does increased pressure affect gases?
It increases solubility and number of molecules per unit of volume
Which of the following would you expect to have the lowest boiling point? A) H2 B)F2, C)HF, D) H2S
H2, Compounds with weaker intermolecular forces will have lower boiling points. H2 is a nonpolar molecule exhibiting only dispersions forces, which are weaker for molecules with fewer electrons. H2 has the fewest electrons of all the molecules. Therefore, H2 has the weakest intermolecular forces and the lowest boiling point.
When molecules absorb heat, there is an increase in
Kinetic Energy
Provide the correct IUPAC name for Li₂S
Lithium Sulfide
Write the chemical formula for sodium nitride
Na3N
Chemical formula for phosphate
Po43-
Provide the correct IUPAC name for KF.
Potassium Flouride
How does thermal energy effect substances?
When thermal energy is added to a substance, its temperature increases, which can change its state from solid to liquid (melting), liquid to gas (vaporization), or solid to gas (sublimation).
Formula for concentration
C=M/V, where M equals mass dissolved in moles and v equals volume of solution
Chemical formula for Perchlorate
ClO4-
What is activation energy
energy needed to start a reaction
Definition of dialysis
process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood
Chemical formula for cadmium sulfide
CdS
Provide the correct IUPAC name for Cs₃P.
Cesium Phosphide
