CHS Exam 2

The shortness of breath and cyanosis that occur in clients experiencing acute heart failure syndrome are primarily caused by: Select all that apply.

Accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and airways Lung stiffness Impaired gas exchange

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia. The nurse plans to assess for symptoms related to which of the following problems

increased blood viscosity

The client has been diagnosed with an acute leukemia. Which signs and symptoms would the practitioner expect to assess in this client?

fever, fatigue, weight loss, easy bruising

In which of the following individuals would a clinician most suspect multiple myeloma as a diagnosis

first sign is bone pain a 40-year old man who has had 3 broken bone over the past 6 months and whose serum calcium and creatine levels are elevated

Which of the following lab results strongly suggest an immunologic response in the client with possible rheumatic heart disease?

Group A (β-hemolytic) streptococcal antibodies

A client with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure secondary to diabetes has seen a gradual increase in her blood pressure over the past several months, culminating in a diagnosis of secondary hypertension. Which of the following has most likely resulted in the client's increased blood pressure?

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

A health care provider suspects a client may have developed a leukemia that originates from B cells. Which cancer would the nurse associate with B cell lymphocytes?

Acute and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia because ALL and ClL originate in b cells and AML originates in the bone marrow and CML originates in myeloid cells

Which of the following types of whit blood cells are related to the connective tissue mast cells and respond in allergic and hyposensitivity reactions

Basophils

In comparing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), which of the following are not true of HL? Select all that apply

Does not develop in adults Spreads to anatomically contiguous nodes Originates in extranodal sites

A 16-year-old adolescent has been diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. Which manifestation are not common causative factors for this condition?

Epstein-Barr virus

Aplastic Anemia is the result of which of the following conditions

Failure of mulitpotent stem cells to grow

Durring science class, a student asks, What is the difference between plasma and serum in the blood? The nurse responds that the primary difference between plasma and serum is that plasma contains

Fibrogens

Normally, there is a relatively constant number of each type of circulating blood cells. What regulates the nuber of each type of blood cell

Hematopoietic system

Leukemias are classified according to the predominant cell type. The myelogenous cell type of leukemia can:

Interfere with thrombocyte cell mutation

An elderly female client who reports increasing fatigue has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis, a disease that her primary care provider believes may have been long-standing. Which of the following compensatory mechanisms has most likely maintained the woman's ejection fraction until recently?

Left ventricular hypertrophy

The pediatrician knows that the most common causes of cancer in children is which of the following?

Leukemia

A client is preparing to undergo a bone marrow biopsy to verify a diagnosis of acute leukemia. Which information should the nurse report to the healthcare provider prior to the procedure?

Low platelet count Increased WBC History of anemia History of hemophilia

Which of the following diagnostic/assessment findings would been seen in a client with worsening mitral valve stenosis? Select all that apply.

Low-pitched diastolic murmur that is increasing in duration Sharp elevation in left atrial pressure Decreased cardiac output

The nurse is conducting the initial assessment on a client with newly diagnosed Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which symptoms should the nurse interpret as manifestation of the disease process?

Night sweats, weight loss, and pruritus

While educating the patient about blood pressure, the nurse will emphasize that the body maintains its blood pressure by adjusting the cardiac output to compensate for changes in which of the following physiologic processes?

Peripheral vascular resistance

When lecturing to a group of students about the pathophysiological principles behind heart failure, the nurse explains that cardiac output represents:

The amount of blood the heart pumps each minute

Which factors differentiates chronic leukemias from acute leukemias

The leukemic cells are more fully differentiated than in acute leukemias.

Which statements are correct regarding normal hematopoiesis?

White blood cells result from hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into committed progenitor cells. Committed progenitor cells develop into myelogenous and lymphocytic lineages. Stem cell reproduction is controlled by colony-stimulating factors (CSFs).

A nurse is providing care for several clients on an acute medical unit of a hospital. Which client would be most likely to benefit from a homotopic growth factor

a 61-year-old femail client with end-life renal cancer

This is a life-threatening, slow or rapid compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid, pus, or blood in the pericardial sac.

cardiac tamponade

Which leukocytes is correctly matched with its function within the body

esoinophils- allergic reactions

Cytokines that affect hematopoiesis in bone marrow are called colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) based on their ability to:

stimulate growth of blood cells

A client with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has been diagnosed with terminal blast. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse focus the assessment on for this client?

weakness, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, fever, bone pain, enlarged spleen