CMST 1061Final

Which of the following comments would be the best example of extrinsic motivation?

"Because my employer said our raises would be based on it, I am increasing my number of contract reports."

The normal rate of speaking for Americans is between

125 and 190 words per minute

Which testimonial evidence best meets the criteria for evaluating such evidence?

A cafeteria worker, a student, testifies about conditions in the cafeteria kitchen.

Which of the following is not required for individual brainstorming?

Critically evaluate every choice before listing.

Offers observations about task-related behavior of group (e.g., "We seem to be spending all of our time discussing the problem without proposing any solutions.)

Diagnoser

Provides instructions regarding how to perform task at hand.

Direction giver

"To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement.

False

A normal rate of speaking for Americans is just over 200 words per minute.

False

A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech.

False

A rhetorical question is a question that you expect the audience members to answer when you ask them to do so during the speech.

False

A survey by Ford Motor Company about how satisfied Ford owners are with a product is a reliable and unbiased piece of information to use in a speech.

False

A vocalized pause is just another name for silence.

False

An inference is a definite conclusion based on facts.

False

Arguments guilty of the ad hominem fallacy argue in a circle without making a clear point.

False

As defined in your notes, a small group consists of two to twenty people.

False

Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her/his ethical obligations.

False

Competence is a dimension of source credibility that reflects the speaker's honesty, fairness, and honor.

False

Concentrating on the target audience means that a persuasive speaker can ignore the rest of the audience.

False

Experiencing fear when presenting is rare.

False

False cause, or post hoc, ergo propter hoc, is an error in reasoning in which a speaker mistakenly assumes that because two things are similar in one respect, they are similar in all respects.

False

In a problem-solving group disagreements should be avoided at all costs.

False

Shooting a starting gun in the classroom using only blanks would be an acceptable way to gain audience attention in a speech against gun control.

False

Study of the methods of persuasion began with communication researchers early in the twentieth century.

False

Surprisingly, a disorganized speech does not reduce a speaker's credibility.

False

Testimonial evidence is evidence gathered from a test.

False

The either-or-fallacy assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented.

False

The first step in the Reflective Thinking Method for small group discussion is to analyze the problem.

False

The following is an example of reasoning from specific instances: "If you like apple pie, then you'll love our cinnamon apple chewing gum."

False

The following statement is an example of reasoning from analogy: "The United Nations charter establishes the right of all people to live free of political oppression. The government of North Korea subjects its people to political oppression. Therefore, the government of North Korea is violating the U.N. charter."

False

The red herring fallacy is often referred to as a false dilemma.

False

The so-called sleeper effect means that your speech suffers from "mid-speech sag" and therefore invites your audience to doze.

False

Thinking of as many topics as you can in a limited amount of time is called taking a personal inventory.

False

Topic commitment is a stronger predictor of speech effectiveness than preparation time.

False

Regulates participation of members.

Gatekeeper

Which of the following statements about delivery is false?

Good delivery decreases the audience's capacity for handling complex information.

Offers facts/opinions relevant to group task.

Information or Opinion Giver

Asks others for task-related information or opinions.

Information or Opinion Seeker

Which of the following is an example of a purpose/thesis for an inspirational/motivational speech?

Our goal tonight is to honor the sacrifice made by students serving in the armed forces.

Checks feasibility of group ideas against real-world contingencies.

Reality Tester

Which of the following statements is not reflected in the research on source credibility?

Source credibility is directly connected with IQ.

Initiates or encourages task-related behavior (e.g., "We'd better get going on this.")

Starter or energizer

Reviews what has been said, identifying common themes or progress.

Summarizer

Which of the following is not a principle of outlining as described in this chapter on organization?

The outline should contain a mixture of sentences, phrases, and words.

Which of the following regarding using people and other living things as a visual resource is not true?

They are easy to control.

"To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy.

True

A good way to save research time is to narrow the topic when you select it.

True

A problem-solving small group should vote only when it has failed to reach a consensus solution.

True

A successful public speaker must adapt the message to the specific audience.

True

An attitude is a tendency to respond favorably or unfavorably to some person, object, idea, or event

True

An outline indicates degrees of importance by using margins and symbols such as Roman numerals, letters, and numbers.

True

Besides making a speech sound more pleasing, changes in pitch can help an audience remember information.

True

Information overload refers to the provision of more information than the audience can absorb because of amount or complexity.

True

Informative speaking to increase knowledge is most like what your teachers do in college classes.

True

Monroe's Motivated Sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action.

True

One of the functions of a conclusion is to warn the audience that you are about to stop speaking.

True

One of the reasons to use evidence when speaking to persuade is that it can me your listeners more resistant to counterpersuasion.

True

Persuasive speaking requires credibility, logic & evidence, and emotional appeal combined to be most successful.

True

Research shows that if members of a small group work together, they can almost always solve a problem better than one person alone.

True

The bandwagon fallacy assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.

True

The first principle of outlining is that all items of information in the outline should be directly related to your purpose.

True

The use of humor in an informative speech can improve audience perceptions of the speaker's character.

True

When reasoning from specific instances in a persuasive speech, it is usually a good idea for a speaker to supplement the specific instances with testimony or statistics showing that the instances are not atypical.

True

A sentence outline uses complete sentences. Which of the following examples fits that description?

We have to overcome our "bigger is better" notion that has been encouraged during most of this century.

Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking?

a lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client

An attitude is:

a predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably

A rough draft is best defined as

a tentative plan in the form of an outline for arranging the main points in your speech.

In which of the following surveys should you place the most trust?

a university study by known sociologists that concludes welfare payments are insufficient

In small group communication, maintenance needs are:

actions necessary to maintain interpersonal relations in group

Good movement is

appropriate and purposeful.

Dropping the "g" on words like "goin," "comin," and "leavin" is an example of what vocal aspect of delivery?

articulation

When trying to select a topic, Preston thought about what he had already experienced. What method did Preston use to select a topic?

assessing knowledge

If you ask people to rank their favorite pastimes, you are asking for:

attitudinal information

The definition of dynamism is that the speaker is perceived as

bold, energetic, active, and assertive.

In a speech explaining how to play drums, Steve used the table to illustrate various beat patterns. Which informative speaking skill is Steve using?

demonstrating

A _____ leader is elected or appointed at the time the group is formed.

designated

A person who by ability , force, or personality, or just talking the most, takes a leadership role in small group is called a(n)

emergent

What contemporary researchers term credibility, Aristotle termed

ethos

Which of the following types of evidence is most credible?

expert testimony

The mode of delivery that is used most often in the public speaking classroom is the

extemporaneous speech

"To persuade my audience that eating yogurt prolongs human life" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of _____.

fact

Which of the following topics would be most appropriate for an informative speech?

how to perform emergency first aid

A(n) _____ leader is a person to whom others defer because of his/her rank, expertise, or some other quality.

implied

The credibility of a guest speaker in your class will be _______________ if your instructor introduces them.

improved

If you obtained information for your speech from several websites and failed to cite how much information came from those sources, you are engaging in

incremental plagiarism.

The credibility of a speaker before he/she starts to speak is called ______ credibility.

initial

_____ is the ability to influence group members so as to help achieve the goals of the group.

leadership

Evidence & reasoning are the two major elements of persuasion that Aristotle called:

logos

A local landlord with a reputation for failing to return security deposits at the end of a lease has been invited to present his viewpoint at a meeting of the local tenants' union. To everyone's surprise, the landlord accepts the invitation despite the fact that he will be facing an audience with a decidedly negative view of his integrity. What factor will the landlord have to overcome if his speech is to have any chance of being persuasive?

low initial credibility

Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they?

need, plan, practicality

Although there are many kinds of small groups, your notes focus on communication in a

problem-solving group

Routine "housekeeping" duties necessary for efficient conduct of business in a small group are

procedural needs

Which of the following is NOT recommended in the book as a way to select a topic?

psychic review

Which of the following is not a function of a speech introduction?

to state a brief summary of the main arguments you will be presenting

"To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of _____.

value

Wisdom, freedom, and security are all examples of:

values

Information that summarizes numerical information or compares quantities is known as

statistics

Explanation is to idea development as narration is to

storytelling

The _____ audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

target

Which of the following is not a function of the conclusion?

the warning light function

Which of the following affects retention most positively?

showing and telling an audience the message