Concepts Final Exam

The nurse is assessing learning needs for a patient who has coronary heart disease. The nurse finds that the patient has recently made dietary changes to decrease fat intake and has stopped smoking. The best initial response by the nurse at this time is

"You did an excellent job of changing your eating habits and quitting smoking. This is so important for your heart health. Nice work!"

numerous requirements to assume a professional role, including provision of safe and quality patient care, adherence to the code of nursing ethics, awareness of social policy and standards, competence in the delivery of care, and responsiveness to emerging trends in socioeconomic and political practice arenas

*** In highlights of being important

An person of Northern heritage is at an increased risk for which of the following: (Select all that apply):

- Type 1 Diabetes -Celiac Disease

You are working with a patient who has undergone transgender transformation to become a male. Western cultural masculine attributes to emphasize include

-Achievement, material success, and recognition.

The nurse is assessing the extrinsic motivational levels of a patient following a knee replacement surgery. What behaviors would indicate that the patient is extrinsically motivated? (Select all that apply):

-Agrees to take blood thinners as prescribed because that is what the doctor has ordered. -Verbalizes an understanding of taking blood thinners postoperatively to reduce the risk of clotting. -Knows that exercise and physical therapy will help recovery to take place more quickly.

The nurse is triaging a hysterical patient in the emergency room. The patient is crying, has uncontrollable spasms, and is trembling and shouting. It is important to identify the manifestation of illness in order to effectively treat a patient. The nurse identifies this as a culture-bound syndrome called

-Ataque de nervios.

The nurse believes that a patient who states he is in pain is "faking it" and is hoping to get "high." The nurse decides to give the patient a placebo instead of the pain medication that was ordered for the patient. The nurse is violating which principle of ethics? (Select all that apply).

-Autonomy -Utilitarianism -Beneficence

A drug-addicted nurse switches a patient's morphine injection with normal saline so that the nurse can use the morphine. The nurse is violating which principles of ethics? (Select all that apply).

-Autonomy. -Utilitarianism. -Beneficence.

Novice

-Beginner with no experience -Taught general rules to help perform tasks -Rules are: context-free, independent of specific cases and applied universally -Rule-government behavior is limited and inflexible

A homeless man presents to the emergency room with hypothermia. He tells the nurse that he is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sought revenge by deliberately having sex with his mate, who does not know of his HIV status. This patient is violating the ethical principles of___________.

-Beneficence.

a nurse in a home setting is assessing a 79 yr old male patient's risk for malnutrition. the nurse suspects malnutrition when reviewing the following lab results

-Body mass index of 17 -weight loss of 6% since last months visit - Hemoglobin level of 8.2 g/dL

Advanced Beginner

-Demonstrates acceptable performances -Has gained prior experience, in actual situations to recognize recurring meaningful components -Principles, based on experiences, begin to be formulated to guide actions

Which of the following would be considered appropriate phrases for motivational cognitive theories? (Select all that apply):

-Five stages in the change process. -Satisfaction strategies provide extrinsic and intrinsic reinforcement for effort

A patient and her husband used in vitro fertilization to become pregnant. The unused sperm were frozen so the couple could have more children later. They bore a little girl who was diagnosed with leukemia when she was 5 years old. The child now needs a bone marrow transplant (BMT). The best chance of a match for the BMT is a sibling. The couple would like to use the sperm to have another child so that they can increase the likelihood of a match. The nurse realizes that the unborn child poses an ethical dilemma involving

-Human Dignity

It is best for nurses to have a broad understanding of cultural influences on health care because of

-Increasing global diversity.

Expert

-No longer relies on principles, rules, or guidelines to connect situations and determine actions -Much more background of experience -Has intuitive grasp of clinical situations -Performance is now fluid, flexible, and highly-proficient

5 levels of nursing experience

-Novice -Advanced Beginner -Competent -Proficient -Expert

Proficient

-Perceives and understands situations as whole parts -More holistic understanding improves decision-making -Learns from experiences what to expect in certain situations and how to modify plans

When providing nutritional education for a Mexican-American patient with newly diagnosed hypertension, the nurse notes that the patient is nodding "yes" to everything that is being said. With a better understanding of cultural interdependence, a nurse should immediately

-Prompt the patient further to elicit additional questions or concerns.

Incident Reports

-Reporting helps to identify high risk trends in nursing care or daily unit operations that warrant correction -You complete the report even if an injury does not occur or is not apparent -The information from the reports helps nursing staff find solutions to prevent repeated incidents -The reports are an important part of the quality improvement program of a unit -Agencies use incident reports to track incident patterns and initiate performance improvement programs as needed

Appropriate approaches used by the long-term care nurse to provide education for a 73 year-old- who been diagnosed with diabetes include which of the following

-Schedule a list by another resident with is diabetic -Demonstrate food choices using food photographs -encourage the patient's family to participate in teaching season -ask the patient about past experiences with lifestyle changes

The nurse is incorporating motivational factors into the plan of care for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with congestive heart failure and is in a skilled nursing facility. What interventions would the nurse implement with this patient? (Select all that apply):

-Schedule a visit by another resident who has had congestive heart failure. -Encourage the patient to have the family assist in reaching the patient's health goals. -ask the patient about past experiences with lifestyle changes. - Encourage the patient to keep a food diary and record weight losses and gains.

The nurse is assessing a patient's readiness to be discharged from the hospital following knee replacement surgery. Which of the following behaviors indicate a readiness to be discharged? (Select all that apply):

-The patient demonstrates range-of-motion exercises. -The patient asks to see the discharge folder to go over all the instructions. -The patient talks about going back to work and upcoming events at home.

Competent

-Typically a nurse with 2-3 years experience on the job in the same areas or in similar day-to-day -More aware of long-term goals -Gains perspective from planning own actions based on conscious, abstract, and analytical thinking and helps to achieve greater efficiency and organization

Which of the following ethical terms matches this statement: A problem for which in order to do something right you have to do something wrong.

-ethical dilemma.

"Nurses advancing our profession to improve health for all" is the mission statement of the

ANA

the nurse is assessing a group of patients to determine their risk of vitamin D deficiency. Which of the following patients has the highest risk for vitamin D deficiency

African-American female who is breastfeeding

A powerful determinant of one's identity is

Ethnicity.

To enter the nursing profession, an individual must successfully complete

Licenser exam

Professionalism exemplars related to leadership include

influential.

The goal of the professional nurse in the team leader role is

positive outcomes with patient satisfaction

What group is primarily protected under the laws that regulate nursing practice?

the public