physics unit 7 lesson 7

Define the first law of thermodynamics

-energy cannot be created nor destroyed -It can only be changed from one form into another and will be conserved.

word "entropy"

-means a level of disorganization. -entropy is increasing, we are really saying that organization is decreasing. -systems left to themselves tend to move from an orderly state to one with less order. -a detrimental effect on energy conversion systems. -measure of a system's disorder -that the entropy of the universe increases with every energy conversion.

Define entropy.

-measure of the energy that is not available for work during a thermodynamic process -disorganization -disorder in a system.

What is the formula that expresses the first law of thermodynamics?

PEi + KEi = PEf + KEf .

What is the formula that expresses the second law of thermodynamics?

PEi + KEi = PEf +KEf U, where U means a change in internal temperature.

second law

PEi + KEi = PEf +KEf U, where U means a change in internal temperature. -modifies the first law to explain a loss of energy from within a closed system. -alled the law of entropy, and it means that energy always moves from a higher level of organization to a lower level of organization -area of lower temperature to an area of higher temperature. -less organized state will be more probable.

entropy

a measure of the energy that is not available for work during a thermodynamic process; a word for disorganization or disorder in a system

The difference between the formulas for the first and second law of thermodynamics is the _____.

change in internal temperature.

In energy conversion systems, entropy has a(n) __________ effect.

disorderly

A detrimental effect is exerted by ___________ in energy-conversion systems.

entropy

Another name for the second law of thermodynamics is _____.

entropy.

This relationship between heat and work

expressed as Q +U =W.

Though all energy in a closed system is conserved, some will always become unusable and dissipated as ___.

heat

The reason entropy in a closed system tends to increase concerns the fact that it is ________ probable that disorder will increase.

more

The formula that expresses the relationship between heat and work is _____.

q= chance in u +w

Define the second law of thermodynamics.

systems are always increasing in entropy.

What is the formula of work?

w=fd