consumer behavior chapter 3

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cooptation

A cultural process by which the original meanings of a product or other symbol associated with a subculture are modified by members of mainstream culture

global consumer culture

A culture in which people around the world are united through their common devotion to brand name consumer goods, movie stars, celebrities, and leisure activities.

hofstede dimensions of national culture

A measurement system that scores a country in terms of its standing on six dimensions so that users can compare and contrast values.

etic perspective

An approach to studying (or marketing to) cultures that stresses commonalities across cultures

pretailer

An e-commerce site that provides exclusive styles by prodding manufacturers to produce runway pieces they wouldn't otherwise make to sell in stores

creolization

Foreign influences integrate with local meanings i.e. Indian beggars sell coca cola

value

a belief that some condition is preferable to its opposite

craft product

a creation valued because of the beauty with which it performs some function; this type of product tends to follow a formula that permits rapid production, and it is easier to understand than an art product

art product

a creation viewed primary as an object of aesthetic contemplation without any functional value

reciprocity norm

a culturally learned obligation to return the gesture of a gift with now of equal value

value system

a culture's ranking of the relative importance of values

more

a custom with a strong moral overtone

binary opposition

a defining structural characteristic of many myths in which two opposing ends of some dimension are represented (e.g.. good versus evil, nature versus technology)

custom

a norm that controls basic behaviors, such as division of labor in a household

consumer style

a pattern of behaviors, attitudes, and opinions that influences all of a person's consumption activities- including attitudes toward advertising, preferred channels of information and purchase, brand loyalty, and rice consciousness

sacralization

a process that occurs when ordinary objects, events, or people take on sacred meaning to a culture or to specific groups within a culture

cultural formula

a sequence of media events in which certain roles and props tend to occur consistently

ritual

a set of multiple. symbolic behaviors that occur in a fixed sequence and that tend to be repeated periodically

myth

a story containing symbolic elements that expresses the shared emotions and ideals of a culture

laddering

a technique for uncovering consumers' associations between specific attributes and general values

plinking

act of embedding a product or service link in a video

emic perspective

an approach to studying for (or marketing to) cultures that stresses the unique aspects of each culture

antifestival

an event that distorts the symbols associated with other holidays

means-end chain model

assumes that people link very specific product attributes (indirectly) to termial values.

fortress brands

brands that consumers closely link to rituals; this make it unlikely to be replaced

core values

common general values held by a culture

terminal values

end states desired by members of a culture

instrumental values

goals endorsed because they are needed to achieve desired end states or terminal values

list of values (LOV) scle

identifies consumer segments based on the values members endorse and relates each value to differences in consumption behaviors

cultural gatekeepers

individuals who are responsible for determining the types of messages and symbolism to which members of mass culture are exposed

ritual artifact

items ( consumer goods) used in the performance of rituals

conventions

norms that relate how we conduct our everyday lives

advergaming

online games merged with interactive advertisements that let companies target specific types of consumers

rites of passage

sacred times marked by a change in social status

grooming rituals

sequences of behaviors that aid in the transition from the private self to the public self or back again

gift-giving ritual

the events involved in the selection, presentation, acceptance, and interpretation of gifts

ideology

the mental characteristics of a people and the way they relate to their environment and social groups

cultural selection

the process by which some alternatives are selected over others by cultural gatekeepers

profane consumption

the process of consuming objects and events that are ordinary or of the everyday world

sacred consumption

the process of consuming objects and events that are set apart from normal life and treated with some degree of respect or awe

acculturation

the process of learning the beliefs and behaviors endorsed by another culture

enculturation

the process of learning the beliefs and behaviors endorsed by one's own culture

product placement

the process of obtaining exposure for product by arranging for it to be inserted into a movie, television show, or smoother medium

desacralization

the process that occurs when a sacred item or symbol is removed from its special place, or is duplicated in mass quantities, and becomes profane as a result

reality engineering

the process whereby elements of popular culture are appropriated by marketers and become integrated into marketing strategies

culture production systems (CPS)

the set of individuals and organizations responsible for creating and marketing a cultural product

collecting

the systematic acquisition of a particular object or set of objects

social structure

the way mambo's of a culture maintain an orderly social life

ecology

the way members of a culture adapt toothier physical habitat

crescive norms

unspoken rules that govern social behavior

hoarding

unsystematic acquisition of objects ( in contrast to collecting)

culture

values, ethics, rituals, traditions, material objects, and services produced or valued by the members of a society

contamination

when a place or object takes on sacred qualities because of its association with another sacred person or event

objectification

when we attribute sacred qualities to mundane items


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