contemporary 19-26

When the novice nurse asks, "What will happen if this task is not completed," which skill is being demonstrated? a. Priority setting b. Delegation c. Organization d. Clinical skills

A. Priority setting

A team of experienced nurses work together to develop algorithms that are converted into checklists to ensure standardization of commonly performed procedures. The focus of this team is primarily on which Institute of Medicine (IOM) competency? a. Safety b. Timely c. Equitable d. Patient-centered care

A. Safety

The surgical team arrives in the operating room and one member states, "Everyone stop. Let's identify the patient and operative site. Now does anyone have any questions or concerns?" This process is known as: a. time-out. b. a critical pathway. c. special cause variation. d. lean methodology.

A. time-out.

A patient's spouse was just diagnosed with lung cancer although there was no history of tobacco use. The spouse states, "I am so mad. How can you get cancer without smoking?" Which statement by the nurse represents empathy? a. "Research is identifying many risk factors for cancer besides smoking." b. "I understand how you could feel angry about the diagnosis." c. "He is still a good husband." d. "Why do you think he got cancer?"

B. "I understand how you could feel angry about the diagnosis."

A nonprofit organization that distributes to governmental agencies, the public, business, and health care professionals knowledge related to health care for the purpose of improving health is the: a. Institute for Safe Medication Practices. b. Institute of Medicine. c. National Committee for Quality Assurance. d. The Joint Commission.

B. Institute of Medicine.

A hospital converts to a system of care delivery in which RNs, LPNs, and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are responsible for implementing a specific task, such as medication administration or personal hygiene, for the entire nursing unit. This type of delivery system is: a. total patient care. b. functional nursing. c. team nursing. d. primary nursing.

B. functional nursing.

A nurse is removing a saturated dressing from an abdominal incision and must cut the tape to remove the dressing. The nurse accidentally cuts the sutures holding the incision, and evisceration occurs. In quality improvement, this incident is best identified as a: a. root cause. b. sentinel event. c. variation in performance. d. causal factor.

B. sentinel event.

When deciding whether and when a task should be completed, a nurse must: a. complete all tasks as they are thought of to prevent having to take time to consider which is most important. b. procrastinate and hope that someone will volunteer to do it. c. ask, "What will happen if I don't complete the task now?" d. view large projects holistically and not as many small pieces.

C. ask, "What will happen if I don't complete the task now?"

A nurse is listening to a patient's apical heart rate. The patient asks, "Is everything okay?" The nurse says nothing and shrugs her shoulders. The nurse is demonstrating: a. open communication. b. filtration. c. blocking. d. false assurance.

C. blocking.

A patient is admitted for a hip replacement complicated by uncontrolled diabetes and early dementia. The nurse coordinates referrals to an endocrinologist to establish an insulin protocol and organizes out-patient physical therapy in an Alzheimer's assisted living facility upon discharge. The role of this nurse is the: a. informatics specialist. b. educator. c. case manager. d. quality manager.

C. case manager.

The RN who identifies the best resources at the lowest cost to achieve optimal health outcomes for the client is fulfilling the role of: a. informatics specialist. b. educator. c. case manager. d. quality manager.

C. case manager.

To ensure that new laws are implemented as proposed, nurses must realize that: a. regulations must be enacted exactly as intended by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). b. hearings to discuss the new laws and regulations are closed to the public, and only lobbyists are invited to attend. c. proposed regulations are published and are open to public comment for a time before they are formally adopted. d. final published regulations only suggest how the law will be implemented.

C. proposed regulations are published and are open to public comment for a time before they are formally adopted.

In the near future, the largest segment of the population will be those over age 65 years. To advocate for this vulnerable population, a nurse was a strong supporter for the Medicare Modernization Act (Medicare Part D), which: a. provided vision care benefits to elderly persons who were diagnosed as legally blind. b. removed limits to access to mental health/substance abuse services which are the most commonly used service in this population. c. provided coverage for medications for Medicare enrollees that constituted a huge expense for the elderly. d. expanded the practice opportunities for advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) who provide the majority of care for this population.

C. provided coverage for medications for Medicare enrollees that constituted a huge expense for the elderly.

Positive time management skills include: a. maintaining an open-door policy. b. retaining all paperwork. c. returning all phone calls immediately. d. scheduling daily activities.

D. scheduling daily activities.

An RN is consistently late to work, causing reassignment of patient care and the need for repeated shift reports. The nurse, who receives a warning for repeated tardiness, states, "My husband left me, I have no car, no family close by, and the bus is always late, which makes me late. The nurse manager doesn't care how hard I try to get here, and I am raising a child by myself." The nurse is using which type of logical fallacy? a. Appeal to emotion b. Appeal to tradition c. Hasty generalization d. Confusing cause and effect

A. Appeal to emotion

A nurse has critical care experience and is proficient in advanced cardiac life support. She often helps to lead "codes" and is an expert clinician with superior health assessment skills. Enjoying a challenge of a fast-paced environment with autonomy, this nurse would best be suited for which nursing role? a. Flight nurse b. Home health nurse c. Hospice nurse d. Occupational health nurse

A. Flight nurse

During orientation a novice nurse sits and "virtually spends" the first few paychecks, envisioning the money going into a personal bank account. In the dream state, the nurse smiles and knows that the pain of nursing school was worth it. Which phase of reality shock is the nurse experiencing? a. Honeymoon b. Shock or rejection c. Recovery d. Resolution

A. Honeymoon

People are living longer and with older age comes a higher risk of terminal illness. Many individuals have chosen to maximize their quality of life but stop aggressive life-sustaining treatments. Nurses who work with terminally ill patients and their families to provide end-of-life care, pain management, and family support are practicing in which role? a. Hospice b. Infection control c. Coordinator d. Case manager

A. Hospice

After keeping a log of activities designed to improve time management, the nurse divides the distractions into internal and external sources. The nurse would classify which distraction as internal? a. Responding to recurring crises at work or in one's personal life b. Unsuccessful attempts to communicate with the unit manager c. Talking with potential faculty candidates d. Being given unclear job responsibilities

A. Responding to recurring crises at work or in one's personal life

During a staff meeting, a nurse who is mentoring new BSN graduate states, "We are lucky to have a new nurse join our staff who is a BSN graduate from our local university." Another staff nurse is heard saying, "BSN. BSN is you don't have a BSN you aren't valued. You don't see anyone welcoming any nurses with associate degrees—we are not valued." The conversation places the mentor in a negative position when her intention was simply to welcome the new employee. The staff nurse's negative response represents which logical fallacy? a. Straw man b. Appeal to tradition c. Confusing Cause and Effect d. Appeal to Common Practice

A. Straw man

If a nurse practicing in a mental health agency could only belong to one professional organization, what criteria could be used to select the organization with the biggest impact? a. The American Nurses Association has a strong voice representing the nation's entire RN population. b. Specialty organizations such as the American Psychiatric Nurses Association lobby for higher education requirements for nurses. c. State nursing associations have limited power because they can lobby only state representatives. d. Professional organizations such as The American Association for the History of Nursing (AAHN) record the history of mental health nursing.

A. The American Nurses Association has a strong voice representing the nation's entire RN population.

The staff on a nursing unit notes that patient satisfaction varies from month to month. They plot the degree of patient satisfaction each month for 1 year to determine when the periods of greatest dissatisfaction are occurring. The staff uses which type of graph? a. Time plot b. Pareto chart c. Flowchart d. Cause-and-effect diagram

A. Time plot

Nurses on a unit provide personal hygiene, administer medications, educate the patient and family about treatments, and provide emotional support. These nurses provide patient care based on which nursing delivery system? a. Total patient care b. Partnership nursing c. Team nursing d. Functional nursing

A. Total patient care

A novice nurse is in the "rejection phase" of stress and wonders if she made the right decision when deciding nursing was her chosen career. Which strategy would help the novice nurse cope with transition into practice and reduce stress? a. When asked by the charge nurse to accept the new admission even though she had no discharges, the novice nurse stops and considers if this request is acceptable and safe, then accepts the assignment based on two patients having a low acuity level. b. Refusing to eat anywhere but the hospital cafeteria to ensure a balanced diet and time to socialize with other staff and visitors c. Avoid wasting time by listening to co-workers' problems or ideas on how to staff the unit during the upcoming holiday since the novice nurse's time is valuable and better spent getting her own work completed. d. Make an effort to "win over" hostile or angry co-workers who find fault with the novice nurse's work performance.

A. When asked by the charge nurse to accept the new admission even though she had no discharges, the novice nurse stops and considers if this request is acceptable and safe, then accepts the assignment based on two patients having a low acuity level.

A nurse groups patients with criteria such as "high risk for falls," "infection protocols," and "special communication needs" to determine the mix and number of staff needed on a telemetry unit. The nurse is using: a. a patient classification system to determine safe staffing levels. b. diagnostic-related groups for Medicare billing. c. case management to coordinate care. d. clinical pathways to determine care.

A. a patient classification system to determine safe staffing levels.

As part of a quality assurance project, a nurse is to round on every patient daily for 1 month to ensure the intravenous tubing is labeled with date hung and nurse's initials. The nurse is hoping to be promoted to a full-time position within the quality department, and her success on this project is very important to her receiving the position. The nurse retains all other assignments, and she is often interrupted to help other staff or answer call lights. The nurse discusses her concerns with the manager, who frees her for 1 hour each day to make rounds. During this 1 hour each day the nurse will organize herself and environment by practicing the: a. art of "no detourism." b. reducing stacked-desk syndrome. c. art of "wastebasketry." d. managing e-mail and memo mania.

A. art of "no detourism."

Several novice nurses share lunch breaks and have comments such as, "I have insomnia from worrying about what I forgot to do for my patient," and "I have no energy," and "I can't believe I can't do my job correctly." These novice nurses are experiencing: a. burnout. b. self-worth. c. confidence. d. resilience.

A. burnout.

A nurse notices that care is often withheld until an interpreter arrives, if the nurse is not multilingual. The nurse discusses this with the management team and suggests a three-part series be presented to the nursing staff to teach some commonly used medical terms in Spanish. This nurse is involved in the role of: a. change agent. b. educator. c. manager. d. coordinator.

A. change agent.

When choosing to delegate, the nurse should delegate the task to the most qualified person or to the person he or she wishes to: a. develop. b. promote. c. punish. d. reward.

A. develop.

According to the Quality Chasm report: a. health care providers should be proactive rather than reactive to patient needs. b. common needs rather than individual preferences should be the priority. c. medical information should be confined to the primary care provider. d. specialized providers or case managers should control health care decisions.

A. health care providers should be proactive rather than reactive to patient needs.

The nurse manager is planning staffing levels and realizes that the first step is to: a. know the intensity of care needed by patients according to physical and psychosocial factors. b. examine the educational level of the staff. c. assess the skill level of caregivers. d. review the budget to determine the financial consequences of past staffing patterns.

A. know the intensity of care needed by patients according to physical and psychosocial factors.

time is becoming crucial for the nurse to address issues related to sponsoring programs to include hearing aid costs as part of Medicare coverage. The nurse involved in grassroots political actions realizes that the least timely method of reaching elected officials would be via: a. letter. b. telephone. c. e-mail. d. facsimile (fax).

A. letter.

A group of nurses meet with a state representative to explain the importance of allowing registered nurses the right to sign death certificates for patients who were under their care. As constituents and nurses, they requested that the senator vote against the bill restricting this practice. These nurses are serving as: a. lobbyists. b. policymakers. c. officials with regulatory power. d. advocates for the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act.

A. lobbyists.

Time can be maximized to produce the best outcomes by: a. making the first hour of each workday productive. b. completing trivial tasks before performing important tasks. c. eliminating all recreational activities. d. omitting breaks until the entire task has been completed.

A. making the first hour of each workday productive.

A certified oncology nurse notices that a novice nurse is unsure of decision making and lacks technical skills. The novice nurse gains confidence by sharing and learning with the experienced nurse. This relationship continues and builds, allowing the novice nurse to become more confident. This relationship is known as: a. mentoring. b. role modeling. c. a preceptorship. d. socialization.

A. mentoring.

The novice nurse calls a supervisor and requests that a "float nurse" be assigned to help with all "assessments of new admissions and postoperative patients." The supervisor asks, "How many admissions and surgery patients have you received?" The novice nurse becomes flustered because she has not checked the census but simply bases the need on feeling overwhelmed. This situation best indicates a lack of _____ skills. a. organizational b. communication c. interpersonal d. clinical

A. organizational

The forensic nurse would most likely be involved in: a. performing an assessment of rape victim and collecting specimens needed for court. b. assigning a patient with chest pain to be seen first, followed by a patient with an insect bite of unknown origin with red streaks but no respiratory distress. c. assessing a patient at home by asking the patient to place a receiver over the pacemaker to evaluate capture of pacing stimuli and transmitting the results to another state where nurse located. d. performing pediatric life support at the scene of an accident to stabilize then transport via helicopter to the nearest trauma center.

A. performing an assessment of rape victim and collecting specimens needed for court.

A nurse answers phone questions related to health care questions and to triage the need for urgent care of member patients. Established patient guidelines are used to educate, direct, or provide follow-up. The nurse is providing care via: a. telehealth. b. clinical pathways. c. functional nursing. d. case management.

A. telehealth.

In deciding whether to say no to a request that involves a time commitment, the professional nurse must consider: a. the cost-benefit ratio. b. the time commitment of co-workers. c. ways to buffer saying no. d. personal preference.

A. the cost-benefit ratio.

The primary focus of the care provider role for the nurse involves: a. using the nursing process to provide guidance to the patient in recovery. b. encouraging consumer self-responsibility and emphasizing health promotion/maintenance. c. focusing on increasing satisfaction among professional nurses. d. advancing nursing practice through research.

A. using the nursing process to provide guidance to the patient in recovery.

Regardless of the term used to describe high-quality health care, the focus of quality is: a. what the consumer needs and wants. b. economical care. c. having the greatest technologic advancement. d. services equally distributed among populations.

A. what the consumer needs and wants.

The nurse caring for a patient states, "Your blood pressure is dangerously high. Are you taking antihypertensive medicine?" The patient states, "I can't afford my medicine. I have no insurance." The nurse states "I feel really sorry for that patient. I wish it wasn't against policy to give her money." The nurse wants to help and places a note on Facebook that any donations would be appreciated to help a waitress who works at the cafeteria next door to the hospital buy her medications. The nurse posts that "She was so sick last evening when she came to the ED. I can't believe they don't provide insurance. I can't give her money but you all can help." This nurse: a. is showing empathy and as long as she lets the patient know the money is not from her, she is not violating any social media guidelines. b. is at risk for HIPAA violations. c. has properly followed policy and protected the patient by not using her name. d. is demonstrating the logical fallacy of slippery slope.

B is at risk for HIPAA violations.

A concerned nursing student calls the office of an elected official to voice support for the bill to ban smoking in all public places. The secretary asks, "Are you a constituent?" What does the term constituent mean? a. A member of a professional organization who supports the organization's political issue b. A citizen who is registered and is eligible to vote for a representative c. An elected official who proposes legislation to be considered as a potential law d. A member of the House of Representatives who is seeking support for a particular bill

B. A citizen who is registered and is eligible to vote for a representative

A nurse would like to obtain background information and learn the political platform of a candidate who is running for national office. The nurse should contact the: a. National Registry for Candidates. b. American Nurses Association Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT). c. National League of Nurses. d. National Council of State Boards of Nursing.

B. American Nurses Association Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT).

A nurse gives Dilantin intravenously with lactated Ringer's solution containing multivitamins. The drug precipitates and obstructs the only existing line. When the team leader informs the nurse that these drugs cannot be mixed, the nurse states, "Everyone just pushes the medicine slowly. No one checks for compatibility. There isn't even a compatibility chart on the unit." Which type of logical fallacy has influenced the nurse? a. Ad hominem abusive b. Appeal to common practice c. Appeal to emotion d. Appeal to tradition

B. Appeal to common practice

A bill is pending in the state legislature that will mandate teaching health promotion related to smoking cessation. Which action by the nurse should have the greatest impact on passage of the bill? a. Explain the rationale for the bill to the school board. b. Contact the elected representative's office by phone to request support for the bill. c. Support a health advocate to run for election as state representative. d. Tell all students about the bill.

B. Contact the elected representative's office by phone to request support for the bill.

When the policy process is compared with the nursing process, identifying the issue is consistent with which step of the nursing process? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Planning d. Implementation

B. Diagnosis

A teenage patient is using earphones to listen to hard rock music and is making gestures in rhythm to the music. The nurse assesses the amount of urine output in the Foley catheter and leaves the room. What communication technique is demonstrated in both of these situations? a. Blocking b. Filtration c. Empathy d. False assurance

B. Filtration

Throughout the history of health care in our nation, one particular piece of federal legislation provided funds for hospital construction. As the number of hospitals rapidly increased, the need for nurses to staff hospitals also increased, and the shift from community-based nursing care to hospital-based nursing care began. This fundamental piece of legislation was the: a. Sheppard-Towner Act. b. Hill-Burton Act. c. Veterans Bill. d. Access to Health Care Bill.

B. Hill-Burton Act.

Nurses working on an orthopedic unit use personal digital assistants (PDAs) to review medications prior to administration to reduce potential drug interactions. Software is also installed that provides video clips of common procedures performed by nurses. Nurses on this unit are best demonstrating which QSEN competencies? a. Patient-centered care b. Informatics c. Teamwork d. Quality improvement

B. Informatics

An experienced nurse volunteers to serve on a task force intended to improve the quality of care because she possesses excellent patient care skills and has selected a career goal of working in quality management. However, the nurse is unable to concentrate on any one task or issue and is unable to view the health care milieu sensibly. Which source of energy is missing in this nurse? a. Physical b. Mental c. Spiritual d. Emotional

B. Mental

A hospital is concerned that the number of medication errors has increased significantly in the past year. A project revealed four causes of medication errors. The above chart was used to help staff and administration know where to focus efforts to reduce errors. Which process improvement tool is used in this situation? a. Run chart b. Pareto chart c. Flowcharts d. Cause-and-effect diagrams

B. Pareto chart

A new mother is experiencing pain after delivering an infant with Down syndrome. The staff nurse states, "I don't think she is really hurting. Let the next shift give the pain medication." The team leader notices the staff nurse looks agitated and anxious and asks about any concerns in providing care to this new mom. The staff nurse admits having a stillborn infant with Down syndrome. This is an example of which component of communication? a. Personal perception b. Past experiences c. Filtration d. Preconceived idea

B. Past experiences

An inexperienced nurse has heard of other novice nurses who take shortcuts in providing patient care. This nurse feels that this is unacceptable and that all tasks must be performed faultlessly, which leads to her inability to complete all assigned tasks. This nurse would benefit from the seminar "Obstacles to Time Management: How to Deal With: a. Creativity." b. Perfectionism." c. Failure." d. Downtime."

B. Perfectionism."

A patient is admitted for a hysterectomy, and the RN develops and implements the plan of care but also delegates to the LPN/LVN the responsibility of administering oral medications. While off duty, this RN receives a call requesting a change in the plan of care because the patient has developed deep vein thrombosis. The nurse who originally planned the care is practicing which type of nursing care delivery? a. Modular b. Primary c. Team d. Functional

B. Primary

A nurse explaining the above graph indicates the frequency of falls in 2011 to detect and possibly explain causes of variation. The peaks in June were attributed to regular staff vacations during which agency nurses were used. The nurse is employed in which role? a. Case Manager b. Quality Manager c. Forensic Nurse d. Occupational Health Nurse

B. Quality Manager

A hospital standard states, "All intravenous (IV) sites must be rotated every 72 hours." The nurse who assesses and records variations from this standard is fulfilling which role of nursing? a. Infection control b. Quality management c. Coordinator position d. Counselor

B. Quality management

A nurse takes a day to travel to a state park where she can sit by the river alone to reflect over recent events and put things into perspective. She recalls the time she was complimented for her ability to deal with a difficult patient and another time when she was criticized for lack of teamwork. This nurse is improving which source of energy? a. Emotional b. Spiritual c. Physical d. Mental

B. Spiritual

In today's world of fast, effective communication, what is the most commonly used means of societal communication? a. Facial expression b. Spoken word c. Written messages d. Electronic messaging

B. Spoken word

A task force is considering factors that contribute to high-quality safe staffing. Which statement reflects an understanding of the American Nurses Association's (ANA) Safe Staffing Saves Lives recommendations? a. Because patient needs remain constant on a daily shift, staffing needs at the beginning of the shift should be sufficient to provide safe, high-quality care. b. Staffing should allow time for the RN to apply the nursing process so decisions result in high-quality, safe patient outcomes. c. Patient acuity levels affect staffing by increasing the need for unlicensed personnel to provide routine basic care rather than increasing RNs in staff mix. d. RN staffing is not cost-effective; thus is it important for staffing models to limit the number of RNs assigned per shift.

B. Staffing should allow time for the RN to apply the nursing process so decisions result in high-quality, safe patient outcomes.

A nurse who was recently certified in chemotherapy administration fails to check compatibility of phenytoin (Dilantin) before injecting into a continuous infusion of D5W leading to occlusion of the line. Which statement by the nurse demonstrates a red herring? a. The nurse is upset and states, "I am sure I have injected this before without a problem" and the supervisor interprets this to mean the nurse often take short cuts. b. The nurse states, "You are just upset because I am certified in chemotherapy administration and you are not." c. "The nurse who started the IV didn't get a blood return but determined the IV was the patient's—that is the problem." d. "This drug always occludes the line because it is so viscous."

B. The nurse states, "You are just upset because I am certified in chemotherapy administration and you are not."

During a health history interview, the nurse listens to a patient relating the precipitating events that led to the onset of chest pain. She focuses her attention on the patient, makes eye contact, and acknowledges what the patient has to say. The nurse is exhibiting: a. assertive communication. b. active listening. c. empathy. d. passive communication.

B. active listening.

The new director of nurses has instituted "walking rounds" on all nursing units, rather than the usual taped shift reports. A veteran nurse exclaims, "She doesn't know how we do things here!" The nurse is demonstrating: a. appeal to emotion. b. appeal to tradition. c. red herring. d. straw man.

B. appeal to tradition.

The nurse who is responsible for following the patient from admission through discharge or resolution of illness while working with a broad range of health care providers is called a: a. nurse manager. b. case manager. c. coordinator of patient-centered care delivery. d. team leader in team nursing care delivery.

B. case manager.

When using the ABC system of managing time, those items coded A include: a. calling the pharmacy to see whether a drug insert is available for a patient. b. checking to see why a ventilator is alarming. c. organizing the medication cart. d. writing memos to remind everyone to contribute to the boss's birthday gift.

B. checking to see why a ventilator is alarming.

A patient is admitted with pneumonia. The case manager refers to a plan of care that specifically identifies dates when supplemental oxygen should be discontinued, positive-pressure ventilation with bronchodilators should be changed to self-administered inhalers, and antibiotics should be changed from intravenous to oral treatment, on the basis of assessment findings. This plan of care is referred to as a: a. patient classification system. b. clinical pathway. c. patient-centered plan of care. d. diagnosis-related group (DRG).

B. clinical pathway.

An experienced nurse working in oncology is shocked to realize that he feels little empathy when a patient explains, "I developed cancer from having to work in the dry cleaning industry since I was only 8 years old to help support my younger siblings during the depression. Now they have all moved away and refuse to help me financially, and it takes everything I have to pay for my chemotherapy medicine." The nurse is experiencing: a. burnout. b. compassion fatigue. c. reality shock. d. horizontal hostility.

B. compassion fatigue.

During height and weight assessments at a school's health fair, a child admits to drinking a cup of coffee with his mother every morning, and another child reports enjoying a morning cup of coffee on the commute to school. These two children are both below average on the height chart, and the nurse states, "Drinking coffee stunts a child's growth." This logical fallacy is referred to as: a. appeal to common practice. b. confusing cause and effect. c. ad hominem abusive. d. red herring.

B. confusing cause and effect.

Patients with heart failure have extended lengths of stay and are often readmitted shortly after they have been discharged. To improve quality of care, a type of "road map" that included all elements of care for this disease and that standardized treatment by guiding daily care was implemented. This road map is referred to as a(n): a. benchmark. b. critical pathway. c. algorithm. d. case management.

B. critical pathway.

A nurse in an acute care facility helps patients understand how to prevent diabetic neuropathies. This nurse is functioning in the role of: a. change agent. b. educator. c. manager. d. coordinator.

B. educator.

The nurse is demonstrating active listening when: a. while assessing the patient's vital signs, the nurse records the data and states, "You are improving, your vital signs are normal." b. eye contact is maintained while focusing on the patient as the patient describes the current pain level and location. c. he or she states, "I know how you feel, I recently lost my father and I am still hurting." d. cultural values are in opposition to the patient but shares that "I agree with your decision to use herbs rather than the prescribed medications."

B. eye contact is maintained while focusing on the patient as the patient describes the current pain level and location.

An RN testifies at a trial where domestic violence is being investigated. She had previously assisted with specimen collection and had assessed the victim. The nurse is involved in _____ nursing. a. triage b. forensic c. flight d. entrepreneurial

B. forensic

A nurse is responsible for determining the incidence rates of hospital-acquired diarrhea on a pediatric ward after receiving reports that five children admitted with uncontrolled asthma had developed diarrhea while hospitalized. The nurse is working in the role of: a. quality management. b. infection control. c. occupational health. d. forensics.

B. infection control.

In differentiating between interprofessional and multidisciplinary: a. multidisciplinary refers to the care of many diverse patients by one discipline. b. interprofessional involves members of many disciplines working together to provide patient care to a distinct population. c. interprofessional refers to members of the same discipline working together to provide patient care to a distinct population. d. interprofessional is the use of multiple interventions by nurses with varying levels of education.

B. interprofessional involves members of many disciplines working together to provide patient care to a distinct population.

Which nurse is more prone to burnout? The nurse who: a. graduated last in the class. b. is industrious and conscientious. c. refuses to work an extra shift even though he or she needs the money. d. volunteers to serve on only one committee and keeps in touch with schoolmates.

B. is industrious and conscientious.

A student nurse wants to meet other nursing students from different countries and to learn of employment possibilities. The student nurse should: a. participate in the clinical facility's employee satisfaction task force. b. join the Student Nurses Association. c. take part in self-mentoring. d. postpone taking the licensure examination so he or she can take a tour of foreign countries.

B. join the Student Nurses Association.

A nursing unit is comparing team nursing to the partnership model and finds that: a. with the partnership model, an RN does not have to be part of the mix. b. leadership abilities of the RN is a major determinant of effectiveness of care for both models. c. the RN teaches the LPN/LVN or unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) how to apply the nursing process in team nursing. d. with team nursing the RN cares for the patient while the team members work with the family or significant others.

B. leadership abilities of the RN is a major determinant of effectiveness of care for both models.

It is important for nurses to know the functions of the branches of the federal government. At a local meeting of the state nurses' association, an officer reminds members that the branch that is capable of originating major policy initiatives is the _____ branch. a. executive b. legislative c. judicial d. administrative

B. legislative

The nurse who organizes screenings for employees, assesses the work environment for hazards, and teaches health-promoting activities is employed in the field of: a. infection control. b. occupational health. c. informatics. d. transportation specialization.

B. occupational health.

A nurse who is participating in a health fair asks, "Other than nursing, what are some opportunities for careers in the health care professions, and what education is required?" The nurse informs participants that a baccalaureate degree is required as the minimum standard for the role of: a. speech therapist. b. occupational therapist c. nurse-midwife d. nurse anesthetist.

B. occupational therapist

A nurse on a busy medical-surgical floor is always willing to help out any patient or staff when asked. She passes food trays, empties bed pans, and even runs errands to pharmacy. Although a pleasant co-worker, she becomes stressed when her own work falls behind, resulting in a decreased job satisfaction. The nurse's behavior type is: a. self-contained. b. open and accepting. c. indirect. d. direct.

B. open and accepting.

A patient has decided to stop hemodialysis because his renal failure progresses and he wishes to spend more time with family. Palliative care will continue, and the approach will be discussed with the patient and family as needed and at change of shift. The care delivery model in this situation is termed: a. partnership. b. patient-centered. c. case management. d. total patient care.

B. patient-centered.

A nurse manager is mentoring a novice nurse manager in determining staffing needs. The mentor explains, "We must determine the acuity level of the patient by: a. assessing patient satisfaction with nursing care." b. quantifying the amount and intensity of care required." c. examining the skill mix and educational preparation of the staff." d. determining the number of hospital days required by the patients."

B. quantifying the amount and intensity of care required."

A male nurse hired to work in the emergency department is observed throwing a contaminated needle into the trash can. The team leader reprimands the nurse for not appropriately disposing of sharps. The nurse states, "You don't care that I threw the needle in the trash. You just want an all-female staff," putting the team leader in a defensive position. This communication technique is known as: a. straw man. b. red herring. c. slippery slope. d. confusing cause and effect.

B. red herring.

A nurse is assisting with the delivery of twins. The first infant is placed on the scale to be weighed. The physician requests an instrument stat. The nurse turns to hand the instrument to the physician, and the infant falls off the scale. When evaluating the incident, the nurse and her manager list contributory factors such as the need for two nurses when multiple births are known, and the location of the scale so far from the delivery field. These nurses are performing a(n): a. standardization of care. b. root cause analysis. c. process variation. d. analysis of a deployment flowchart.

B. root cause analysis.

Each nurse is assisting with the delivery of twins. The first infant is placed on the scale to be weighed. The physician requests an instrument stat. The nurse turns to hand the instrument to the physician, and the infant falls off the scale. When evaluating the incident, the nurse and her manager list contributory factors such as the need for two nurses when multiple births are known, and the location of the scale so far from the delivery field. These nurses are performing a(n): a. standardization of care. b. root cause analysis. c. process variation. d. analysis of a deployment flowchart.

B. root cause analysis.

A novice nurse is assigned a patient who has an order to draw blood for culture and sensitivity from a central line before antibiotic therapy is started. The novice reads and rereads the procedure manual. An hour later he stands at the bedside of the patient and stares at the central line, without knowing how to proceed. This phase of reality shock is termed: a. honeymoon. b. shock or rejection. c. recovery. d. resolution.

B. shock or rejection.

The novice nurse arrives on the nursing unit, is introduced to the staff, is assigned a preceptor, and is asked to participate in the next staff meeting. This introduction into nursing is appropriately termed: a. biculturalism. b. socialization. c. transition. d. "going native."

B. socialization.

The nurse manager determines that four RNs, five LPN/LVNs, and two Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are required per shift to meet the needs of the patient population on the unit, according to acuity and census. The nurse manager is concerned with: a. assignments. b. staffing. c. output. d. productivity.

B. staffing.

Members of a state's constituent member association meet at a local restaurant to plan a Nurse Walk to support the local food bank. When entering the restaurant, the nurses note the environmental inspection report shows deficiencies because food handlers were not wearing hairnets and rodents were spotted, resulting in a score of 60 out of 100. This certificate of inspection is health policy enforced at which level of government? a. Local b. State c. Federal d. International

B. state

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication by using the vastus lateralis site and is unfamiliar with the process. A step-by-step reference that shows how to complete the process is called a: a. deployment flowchart. b. top-down flowchart. c. Pareto chart. d. control plot.

B. top-down flowchart.

A patient is admitted with coronary artery disease and is scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). According to the clinical pathway the patient should be extubated and discharged from critical care the day after surgery. During surgery the patient's oxygen saturation decreased drastically as a result of chronic tobacco abuse. Subsequently, the patient remained on the ventilator an additional 2 days postoperatively. According to the clinical practice guideline for CABG, this situation represents a: a. patient outcome. b. variance. c. goal. d. standard.

B. variance.

A nurse is asked to "float" to a telemetry floor and is to place a patient on telemetry monitor. The nurse is unfamiliar with placement of EKG leads and would consult which type of chart to learn the correct placement?

C.

An older adult is unable to reach the phone and is found dead at home several hours later. The son of the deceased person arrives at the hospital and asks, "Can I just please stay and hold my dad's hand? He was so afraid of dying alone." Which response by the nurse shows empathy? a. "You are just too late for that. Where were you when he needed you?" b. "Did you ever consider purchasing a cell phone for your dad to prevent this from happening?" c. "I'll close the door so you can spend time with your dad. I will check back in a few minutes." d. "I lost my dad last year. He died alone. He was a policeman. I am just like you. Let me stay here and console you."

C. "I'll close the door so you can spend time with your dad. I will check back in a few minutes."

According to Kramer, nurses in the shock phase should ask themselves: a. "How can I fit in with other staff?" b. "Why can't I perform as everyone expects?" c. "What changes can I make to make me feel good about the choice to become a nurse?" d. "How can I get the rest of the staff to change?"

C. "What changes can I make to make me feel good about the choice to become a nurse?"

A novice nurse is placed in charge just after orientation ends. Which statement by the novice nurse would ensure a smooth delegation experience when delegating to an experienced staff member? a. "You have the patients in rooms 1 to 7. These patients require little skill so you will be fine." b. "Your assignments are posted in writing by the nurses' station. Be certain all your tasks are completed so the next shift is not behind." c. "You have patients in rooms 5 through 10 and I will administer all IV medications. I will let you know if I have to adjust. If you see you need help let me know." d. "Everyone is capable of providing the best care, so please sign up for the patients you would like to be assigned to."

C. "You have patients in rooms 5 through 10 and I will administer all IV medications. I will let you know if I have to adjust. If you see you need help let me know."

Which of the following occurrences would be classified as a sentinel event? a. A postpartum patient who elects to breastfeed only twice daily develops mastitis. b. A newly diagnosed diabetic patient self-injects insulin in the abdominal area rather than the upper thigh as instructed by the patient educator. c. A nurse assisting with the delivery of twins places the "Twin 1" name tag on the second-born twin, causing the first-born twin to undergo surgery that was scheduled for the other twin. d. A nurse administers 3 units of regular insulin rather than 3 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously, resulting in a drop in the patient's serum glucose from 160 to 100 mg.

C. A nurse assisting with the delivery of twins places the "Twin 1" name tag on the second-born twin, causing the first-born twin to undergo surgery that was scheduled for the other twin.

A new graduate desires a position in labor and delivery; however, no position is available. What is the best advice for this nurse? a. Continue to study to keep skills current and wait for desired position. b. Return to college until a position in labor or delivery opens. c. Accept another nursing position and transfer into labor and delivery when a position is available. d. Practice obstetrical skills in a simulation lab then present evidence of competency to potential employer.

C. Accept another nursing position and transfer into labor and delivery when a position is available.

A nurse researcher is attempting to describe the demographics of today's RNs and reports that: a. less than half of all RNs work in hospital settings. b. due to aging of workforce, less than 40% continue to work full time. c. Approximately 80% of RNs are employed in nursing. d. most nurses are initially graduating with a bachelor's degree.

C. Approximately 80% of RNs are employed in nursing.

A novice nurse is unsure how to correctly administer an injection using the Z-track method. What is the best approach for learning this procedure? a. Read the procedure manual and follow the steps exactly. b. Make an appointment at the skills laboratory of the former nursing school to practice. c. Ask to observe the skill as it is being performed; then perform it under direct supervision. d. Try to remember how the task was previously performed during a simulation.

C. Ask to observe the skill as it is being performed; then perform it under direct supervision.

Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) proposed a process for quality improvement with steps known as "PDCA." When explaining the steps to a group of nurses interested in improving the process of medication reconciliation for heart failure patients with high rates of recidivism, the instructor states: a. P stands for process. Following a top-down flowchart provides the steps for reviewing patient medications taken at home compared to those prescribed during hospitalization. b. D stand for deviation, which is an alteration in the expected drugs ordered. c. C is for check if the process for change worked. Was there an improvement in accurate reconciliation? And what was learned? A stands for algorithm, which includes all steps of the process. d. A stands for algorithm, which includes all steps of the process.

C. C is for check if the process for change worked. Was there an improvement in accurate reconciliation? And what was learned? A stands for algorithm, which includes all steps of the process.

A nurse is overhead saying, "I don't mind working during the election and holiday. My parents are divorced, money is tight, and honestly I don't trust any politicians anyway. I plan to take a few weeks off next month." She works independently to research strategies to improve patient-centered care for the large number of immigrants that arrived in the area and then works with the team to share ideas. She recommends, "Let's think the suggestions over and come back together next week." This nurse's communication style is consistent with which generation? a. Baby boomers b. Traditionalist c. d. Millenniums

C. Generation X

A nurse tallies the patient satisfaction surveys and approves the use of an agency nurse because of the high census. This nurse is involved in which nursing role? a. Change agent b. Educator c. Manager d. Coordinator

C. Manager

The number of IV site infections has more than doubled on a nursing unit. The staff determine common causes include the site is cleaned using inconsistent methods, dressing frequently becomes wet when patient showers, IV tubing is not changed every 48 hours per protocol, and inadequate hand washing of RN prior to insertion. A bar graph demonstrates the frequency in descending order, with 80% of infections being attributed to inadequate hand washing. The quality tool used is a: a. cause-and-effect diagram. b. run chart. c. Pareto chart. d. flowchart.

C. Pareto chart.

Nurse , physicians, and social workers finalize the plan of care and coordinate discharge for a homeless person who will need wound care and follow up over the next 4 weeks. Each member contributes based on his or her area of expertise but also recognize other members' strengths. Which of the QSEN competencies are being demonstrated? a. Quality improvement b. Evidence-based practice c. Teamwork and collaboration d. Patient-centered care

C. Teamwork and collaboration

A nurse wants to apply open communication to obtain a thorough history and to determine cognitive function. Which question represents the use of open communication? a. Is today Wednesday? b. Do you know what day it is? c. Tell me what day of the week today is. d. Do you know what the first day of the week is?

C. Tell me what day of the week today is.

When comparing mentoring and role modeling, the role of mentoring is represented by which of the following situations? a. The experienced nurse is unaware that the novice nurse is observing him or her gathering supplies needed to start intravenous antibiotics. b. The novice nurse mimics conversations with his or her own patients that were unobtrusively overheard between the experienced nurse and his or her patients. c. The novice nurse receives feedback from the experienced nurse related to the use of a new occlusive dressing product and is told, "I couldn't have done it better myself." d. An experienced nurse is nominated for outstanding employee of the month by the novice nurse.

C. The novice nurse receives feedback from the experienced nurse related to the use of a new occlusive dressing product and is told, "I couldn't have done it better myself."

When a bill is presented to Congress, the subcommittee may choose to "mark up" the bill, meaning to: a. obtain oral testimony about the bill from the executive branch. b. conduct additional hearings about the bill. c. amend the bill before recommending it to the full committee. d. have the full committee vote on recommendations.

C. amend the bill before recommending it to the full committee.

A novice nurse notices the medication nurse hurriedly gathering medications to be administered for the entire day, removing them from the packages, and placing them in a paper cup with the patient's name and room number on the cup. When one of the patients points at a pill and asks, "What is this?" and "What does this do?" the medication nurse is uncertain, because it has long since been removed from the packaging. The novice nurse speaks to the nurse manager about her observations and describes her concerns. The novice nurse has assumed the role of: a. loner. b. "rutter." c. change agent. d. "native."

C. change agent.

To conduct a productive meeting, the nurse should: a. provide each person all the time needed to discuss desired topics. b. cover all emotional topics first. c. create an agenda with specific times allotted for each agenda item. d. wait for latecomers and ask for their excuse for being late.

C. create an agenda with specific times allotted for each agenda item.

A hospital is concerned with nurse retention and realizes that job satisfaction is a major influence. To enhance employee satisfaction related to staffing, the management team: a. negotiates for additional agency nurses. b. hires more part-time employees. c. includes participatory management into staffing decisions. d. uses "float" nurses to cover vacancies.

C. includes participatory management into staffing decisions.

A nurse working in a factory performs routine hearing tests for employees. The factory uses 90 dB as the safe limit for an 8-hour day's exposure to machine noise rather than 85 dB as recommended by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The nurse is functioning in the role of: a. quality management. b. informatics nurse specialist. c. occupational health nurse. d. case manager.

C. occupational health nurse.

A patient is ordered a low-protein, low-calorie diet but the patient's family brings fish, lentils, and unleavened bread for a meal to observe a cultural practice. The nurse works with the dietitian to adjust the next few meals to accommodate for this variance. This situation would represent: a. a sentinel event. b. an adverse event. c. patient-centered care. d. the communication technique of "call-out."

C. patient-centered care.

A Customer satisfaction is primarily based on: a. access to modern, up-to-date facilities. b. availability of an extensive menu selection. c. personal interactions with employees. d. having to undergo fewer invasive procedures.

C. personal interactions with employees.

A novice nurse is unsure of his ability to insert a nasogastric tube for one of the assigned patients who is vomiting coffee ground emesis. The novice nurse waits, hoping that someone with more experience will volunteer to do the job, or he just waits until the end of the shift. This nurse is practicing: a. energy management. b. priority setting. c. procrastination. d. introspection.

C. procrastination.

When deciding which staffing option to use on a nursing unit that will open soon, the manager realizes that: a. continuity of care is enhanced and errors are reduced when nurses provide care over longer shifts and consecutive workdays, such as 12-hour shifts on 3 consecutive days per week. b. the use of part-time nurses provides the variability needed to meet diverse patient needs. c. satisfaction of the staff equates to satisfaction of patients. d. nurses provide the same level of care, regardless of the work environment.

C. satisfaction of the staff equates to satisfaction of patients.

A group of nurses are meeting to decide how to staff the upcoming holidays. Each of the four members freely expresses thoughts about fair staffing but is willing to listen to others thoughts and reconsider their first recommendations. The nurses are avoiding conflict and supporting professional communication through: a. empathy. b. positiveness. c. supportiveness. d. accommodation.

C. supportiveness.

A person from an underrepresented background in nursing is interested in entering nursing school and researches the ethnicity, age, and gender make-up of the nursing profession and finds: a. nursing is a career field that is primarily made up of women younger than 30 years. b. the number of male RNs has steadily increased and is equal to the number of female RNs. c. the majority of RNs are Caucasian or non-Hispanic. d. more than half of all RNs are ages 55 through 65.

C. the majority of RNs are Caucasian or non-Hispanic.

A nurse realizes that much time is wasted during shift report when co-workers discuss personal items such as recent movies or department store sales. Which statement would help with time management during this critical interaction? a. "Let's talk only about one movie you recently watched." b. "I like to know about department store sales, but we need to get through this report, so let's talk about sales as we walk between patient rooms." c. "I know your shift has been busy. What went wrong?" d. "I have the list of patients; let's start with revisions to the plan of care and scheduled activities for the next shift."

D. "I have the list of patients; let's start with revisions to the plan of care and scheduled activities for the next shift."

A person who is covered by Medicaid moves from one state to another and asks the nurse at the health department why the benefits changed. The correct response by the nurse is: a. "Local government controls which benefits each county can provide to Medicaid recipients." b. "The federal government does not fund any part of Medicaid, so each state must find ways to pay for benefits." c. "Each state determines benefits on the basis of the present economy." d. "Medicaid is funded by both state and federal governments, but benefits vary from state to state."

D. "Medicaid is funded by both state and federal governments, but benefits vary from state to state."

A nurse is preparing an exercise program as part of a health promotion program for older adults with osteoporosis. Which question would retrieve the most valuable information about health practices? a. "Do you exercise?" b. "Do you like to exercise?" c. "When do you exercise?" d. "What exercise practices do you participate in?"

D. "What exercise practices do you participate in?"

A novice nurse is stressed due to always being behind with her assignments. She is overheard saying, "No one here worries about checking nasogastric tube placement before they give medications and hang feedings. Skipping that step would save me an extra 30 minutes to be used for charting. If they can do it, so can I." This nurse is experiencing which stage of reality shock? a. loner. b. "rutter." c. change agent. d. "native."

D. "native."

Which component of an e-mail shown below would be effective? a. Subject: A short concise subject line: Meeting b. Body: I would like you to answer these questions before the next meeting: Where would you like to meet? Do you want all the staff to attend? Can we serve refreshments? What is one goal for our unit? c. Body: Dear Staff, As you know, each department must reduce staff by 2%. We will need to discuss how to inform unlicensed staff about the downsizing efforts of the hospital. d. Body: The next staff meeting is scheduled for Tuesday, January 19, at 5:00PM in the first floor auditorium. Please send items for the agenda.Sally Smith, MSN, RN, [email protected] or ext. 5582

D. Body: The next staff meeting is scheduled for Tuesday, January 19, at 5:00PM in the first floor auditorium. Please send items for the agenda.Sally Smith, MSN, RN, [email protected] or ext. 5582

An orthopedic unit is considering different types of care delivery models and staff have an opportunity to ask questions about how the models differ. The nurse manager provides an overview and uses the above visual to demonstrate which model of care delivery? a. Team b. Partnership c. Primary d. Functional

D. Functional

During the night, a patient fell in the bathroom and sustained a hip injury. The patient was very upset because of being unable to attend a granddaughter's wedding in 2 days. The team looked at the process and determined that the patient had been medicated with a narcotic, had urinary urgency so had not taken the time to put on shoes, failed to turn on the light because the door to the hall let in some light, and stumbled over a towel that had been placed to collect water leaks caused by construction that was in progress to replace damaged sinks. Which factor was a special cause variation? a. Failure to take time to put on shoes due to urgency b. Unsteady gait due to narcotic administration c. Poor lighting that led to decreased vision d. Improper construction that caused the leak and towel placement

D. Improper construction that caused the leak and towel placement

A nurse is asked to "float" to another area where the patients require total care. The nurse smiles, picks up her stethoscope, and says, "I'll come back and eat lunch with everyone here." When she enters the elevator she hits the wall and mutters, "Always me. Don't I have any rights"? The nurse is demonstrating which communication style? a. Assertive b. Aggressive c. Passive d. Passive-aggressive

D. Passive-aggressive

Which of the following statements concerning the Institute of Medicine (IOM) competencies is correct? a. Each competency is mutually exclusive. b. The competencies focus on individual efforts to reduce errors. c. Physicians lead the team to achieve each competency. d. The competencies address both individual and system approaches to transform care.

D. The competencies address both individual and system approaches to transform care.

Which statement accurately describes communication? a. The components of communication are mutually exclusive. b. Communication is linear. c. Communication involves only the sender and the receiver; everything else is superficial. d. When the receiver becomes the sender, the subcomponent of communication that is in use is feedback.

D. When the receiver becomes the sender, the subcomponent of communication that is in use is feedback.

In distinguishing between evaluation methods used in school versus those used in the work environment, it is noted that the work environment evaluation includes: a. determining whether steps are logical. b. formulating increments in correct order. c. efficiently organizing stages of the procedure. d. appraising outcomes according to policy.

D. appraising outcomes according to policy.

The role of the Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) would include: a. diagnosing a patient with pneumonia and prescribing antibiotics. b. teaching members of a faith community how to avoid skin cancer and referring those with suspicious lesions. c. participating in the team who is investigating possible abuse of elderly persons by members of a gang known to sell illegal drugs. d. coordinating care of a patient admitted 4 days ago with stage IV heart failure and chronic bronchitis by revising care plan to include ambulation 50 feet with assistance.

D. coordinating care of a patient admitted 4 days ago with stage IV heart failure and chronic bronchitis by revising care plan to include ambulation 50 feet with assistance.

An organization's emergency preparedness task force meets to discuss how it should react in case of a terrorist attack and develops a disaster evacuation plan that details how each department will assist individuals in reaching safety. This type of diagram is referred to as a: a. Pareto chart. b. control chart. c. top-down flowchart. d. deployment chart.

D. deployment chart.

A student nurse assigned to work with the charge nurse is given the opportunity to help revise the nursing assessment form. She receives several compliments from management and her nursing instructor for her creative suggestions. The student nurse enjoys the project and attention she is receiving and begins to prolong the conclusion of the project. Although she constantly adds new information, she filters this out slowly to others. The student nurse is subject to the time management obstacle of: a. need for perfection. b. fear of losing creativity. c. unclear goals. d. fear of completion.

D. fear of completion.

A nurse would like to advocate for increased protective services and reporting mechanisms for elder abuse and attends the "meet the candidate" session at the town hall meeting. This is an important time for the nurse to: a. educate the public about the nurse's political platform. b. be spontaneous and not deliver a rehearsed speech. c. address the person as "candidate" rather than using a first name that implies a working relationship. d. learn what the key issues are in the candidate's platform.

D. learn what the key issues are in the candidate's platform.

Accrediting agencies such as The Joint Commission address staffing by: a. imposing maximum staffing levels. b. requiring a specific staff mix. c. stipulating nurse-patient ratios. d. looking for evidence that patients receive satisfactory care.

D. looking for evidence that patients receive satisfactory care.

A group of nurses is presenting the importance of high-quality care during a system-wide meeting of medical-surgical nurses. They point out a finding of the Quality Chasm that: a. being insured has little effect on a person's longevity and the quality of care received. b. lobbyists for the drug companies are able to gain permission for the use of new drugs within 1 year of their discovery. c. although a greater number of lawsuits stem from medication errors, more people actually die from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS). d. medication-related errors place a tremendous financial burden on the U.S. health care system.

D. medication-related errors place a tremendous financial burden on the U.S. health care system.

A nurse makes patient care assignments as follows: RN 1 has rooms 200-210; RN2 has rooms 211-221; RN3 has room 222-232. The two unlicensed assistive personnel have half the rooms, with one assigned to 200-215 and the second to 216-232. The care delivery model used in this situation is: a. team. b. primary. c. partnership. d. modular.

D. modular.

A recruiter is explaining benefits to a group of nursing externs who are highly sought for employment. The recruiter states, "We are the only hospital in town that offers a residency program." The recruiter further explains that a residency program: a. provides housing for the graduate nurse to decrease expenses until income is established. b. partners a medical resident with a nurse resident to learn interprofessional care. c. allows new graduates to work on a higher degree in nursing while being paid full-time. d. offers extended time for both theory and clinical activities that promote problem-solving and clinical decision-making.

D. offers extended time for both theory and clinical activities that promote problem-solving and clinical decision-making.

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) has been practicing for 25 years on a unit where a newly graduated RN with a bachelor's degree is hired. Before the RN arrives on the unit, the LPN is heard saying, "She'll try to tell everyone what to do because she makes more money. She'll sit at the desk and let us do all the work." This is an example of a(n): a. interpretation. b. context. c. precipitating event. d. preconceived idea.

D. preconceived idea.

Political action committees (PACs) are established for the purpose of: a. financially supporting candidates. b. persuading policymakers to support certain policies. c. lobbying legislators. d. recommending health care policy.

D. recommending health care policy.

When planning, a nurse should: a. delay planning until the "first task of the morning" has been completed. b. recognize that rewarding oneself has a negative consequence. c. rotate between several tasks to stimulate creativity. d. remember that most tasks take longer than anticipated to complete.

D. remember that most tasks take longer than anticipated to complete.

A nurse is interested in practicing in a faith-based community; when researching the role of the parish nurse, the nurse finds that:a. certification is available at a basic level after a qualifying examination is completed and a set number of practice hours have been worked, as defined by the state's nurse practice act. b. this advanced practice role focuses on health promotion and disease prevention. c. this role has no set standards or scope of practice but instead follows the doctrine of the denomination being served. d. this role is recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a specialty with a defined set of practice guidelines.

D. this role is recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a specialty with a defined set of practice guidelines.