csc 155 chapter 4
This application allows millions of people to share music, movies, and other files over the Internet:
kazaa
Compilers and translators are one form of
software
Software companies use several methods to stop ________ because programming is difficult and software development is expensive.
software piracy
The ________ commands are designed to help answer the common computer user's question, "Where's my stuff?"
Search and Find
When a user purchases software, ________ is actually purchased.
....
Windows Phone ________ is a relatively new operating system for mobile phones.
7
The ________ operating system used a command-line interface.
MS-DOS
What is the name of the operating system that is rarely found on personal computers or laptops but is used in servers and high-end workstations?
UNIX
What is the most recent version of Windows?
WIndows 7
Wikipedia, a collection of Web pages that can be edited by anyone, is an example of a
Web application
An application designed for a particular business is called
a vertical-market application.
A set of step-by-step procedures for accomplishing a task is known as a(n)
algorithm
________ is when the operating system is loaded into RAM.
booting
Errors in a software program are referred to as
bugs?
Sectors on disk drives are grouped into
clusters
For software to run optimally it must be ________ with hardware.
compatible
The three major categories of software defined by your textbook are
compilers and translator programs, software applications, and system software.
This type of menu offers choices based on what object you have selected in a program:
context-sensitive menu.
According to ________ law, it is illegal to produce, distribute, or use technology that circumvents digital rights management.
copyright
Some software CDs and DVDs are ________ with digital rights management (DRM) technology to ensure that they can't be duplicated with conventional copying techniques.
copyright
Nearly all commercial software is
copyrighted
All of the following types of software can be legally copied and shared freely EXCEPT
copyrighted software.
When a programmer checks to see if a program functions correctly and then corrects errors, it is known as
debugging
Most companies use ________ numbers to indicate minor revisions and whole numbers to indicate major revisions.
decimal
Minor revisions in software are often reflected in the use of
decimal numbers
The program that allows I/O devices to communicate with the computer is known as a(n)
device driver.
A(n) ________ program translates all Windows-related instructions into instructions the Mac's
emulation
EULA stands for
end-user license agreement
High-level language falls between natural human language and precise human language.
false
Languages such as C# and C++ are known as low-level languages.
false
Most game machines and smart phones store their operating systems permanently in RAM.
false
The instruction execution cycle three-step rhythm is
fetch the instruction, increment the program counter, and perform the specified task.
When reading a program, the CPU ________ instructions from the program.
fetches and executes
Windows Explorer is an example of this type of utility:
file management
If you are having problems with an application because it is frozen, you can use the system's ________ option to get the program to close.
force quit
Putting electronic marks on a disk as tracks and sectors is known as
formatting
A ________ file is a file allocated to noncontiguous clusters.
fragmented
When a computer is turned on, where does it get the first instructions that it loads into RAM?
from ROM
All of the following are types of menus found in Windows, EXCEPT:
graphical menus
GUI refers to
graphical user interface.
Java is referred to as a(n)
high-level language.
Problems that software users encounter can be solved by using the following EXCEPT:
lifelines
Typical computer programming languages used today include all of the following EXCEPT:
machine language.
For a program to be read by the CPU, it must be loaded into
memory or random access memory (RAM).
When the operating system concurrently executes many programs, it is called
multitasking
Programs now resemble ________ much more than in the past.
natural language
When a computer is off, what is in RAM?
nothing
Machine language uses
numeric codes
Common in today's software, ________ supplement(s) the help files that are available at the user's request.
online help
Every general-purpose computer must have a(n)
operating system
If the computer is on and the computer is running properly, the ________ must be active and running.
operating system
This software is the bridge between your application software and the computer's hardware:
operating system
Application compatibility is usually defined by these two items
operating system and hardware.
This software is responsible for the location of all programs and files in the computer's file system:
operating system.
On multiuser systems, the ________ is responsible for authentication.
operating systems
The ________ driver functions as a behind-the-scenes intermediary whenever the user requests that a document be printed on a printer.
printer
A set of computer instructions designed to solve a specific problem is referred to as a
program
Software that is free to everyone is known as
public domain software
All of the following are helpful ways to deal with software problems EXCEPT:
replace the computer.
Software companies will release free ________ when they have a bundled update for a program.
service packs
Which software is free to use for a trial period, but requires some minimal payment after the trial period?
shareware
________ is what allows a computer to function as a word processor, then a browser, and then a spreadsheet.
software
________ enable(s) users to control computers without having to think like programmers
software applications
Operating systems and utility programs are in a class of software known as
system software
The program counter keeps track of
the address of the next instruction.
A compiler is
the most common type of translator program
What handles communication between the CPU and the disk drive(s)?
the operating system
Because the OS and application are in constant communication, control—the location in memory where the CPU is reading program instructions—stays in the same location.
true
Cross-platform software can be used on PCs and Macs.
true
Formatting a disk removes any information stored on a disk
true
Java is a platform-neutral programming language that was developed by Sun Microsystems. true
true
One of the things you can do you if a program freezes or your system crashes is reboot the system.
true
Restarting a computer is also known as rebooting.
true
The operating system is responsible for authentication and authorization.
true
Three fundamental categories of software are compilers, software applications, and system software.
true
You can use a file-management utility to see the location of a file or folder in a storage device's hierarchy and view its pathname.
true
Some programs have features that a user may need to learn how to utilize. One way to learn how to utilize features in software is
tutorials
The process of eliminating problems and errors and improving the software is known as
upgrading
________ is the look and feel of the computing experience from a human point of view.
user interface
These programs serve as tools for doing system maintenance and repairs that are not handled by the operating system:
utility programs
________ is useful when there isn't enough RAM to store all of the necessary data and instructions for currently running applications.
virtual memory
This allows multiple operating systems to exist as one machine:
virtualization.
A campus or a mid-size company may purchase ________ so all users have legal access to the software.
volume licenses
Utility programs make it easier to complete all of the following EXCEPT:
write a letter