CSIT 216 Ch 1 - Introduction to Computers and Programming
What part of the computer actually runs programs?
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
(True/False) A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.
False
(True/False) Images, like the ones created with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers
False
(True/False) Assembly language is considered a high-level language.
False, Assembly language is a low-level language
(True/False) Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.
False, CPUs are small chips known as micro processors
(True/False) Windows, Linux, Android, iOS, and macOS are all examples of application software.
False, Windows, Linux, iOS, and macOS are operating systems
(True/False) Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.
False, they are examples of application software
6. This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running. a. RAM b. secondary storage c. the disk drive d. the USB drive
a. RAM
22. The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program. a. assembler b. compiler c. translator d. interpreter
a. assembler
10. A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number. a. byte b. bit c. switch d. transistor
a. byte
2. The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________. a. hardware b. software c. the operating system d. tools
a. hardware
9. A video display is a(n) __________ device. a. output b. input c. secondary storage d. main memory
a. output
24. The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________. a. syntax b. punctuation c. keywords d. operators
a. syntax
16. Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a. two's complement b. floating point c. ASCII d. Unicode
a. two's complement
Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and game programs belong to what category of software?
application software
14. A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________. a. binary numbering b. ASCII c. Unicode d. ENIAC
b. ASCII
19. If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________. a. Python code b. a stream of binary numbers c. English words d. circuits
b. a stream of binary numbers
12. In the __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s. a. hexadecimal b. binary c. octal d. decimal
b. binary
25. A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. a. assembler b. compiler c. translator d. utility
b. compiler
20. In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform. a. fetch b. decode c. execute d. deconstruct
b. decode
17. Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a. two's complement b. floating point c. ASCII d. Unicode
b. floating point
8. A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________. a. an output device b. an input device c. a secondary storage device d. main memory
b. input device
4. Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________. a. ENIACs b. microprocessors c. memory chips d. operating systems
b. microprocessors
1. A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task. a. compiler b. program c. interpreter d. programming language
b. program
13. A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________. a. 1 b. −1 c. 0 d. "no"
c. 0
15. An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is __________. a. binary numbering b. ASCII c. Unicode d. ENIAC
c. Unicode
21. Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________. a. Java b. assembly language c. machine language d. Python
c. machine language
3. The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________. a. RAM b. secondary storage c. main memory e. the CPU
c. main memory
5. The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________. a. secondary storage b. the CPU c. main memory d. the microprocessor
c. main memory
7. A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called __________. a. RAM b. main memory c. secondary storage d. CPU storage
c. seconday storage
11. A byte is made up of eight __________. a. CPUs b. instructions c. variables d. bits
d. bits
23. The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________. a. binary instructions b. mnemonics c. commands d. keywords
d. keywords
18. The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________. a. bits b. bytes c. color packets d. pixels
d. pixels
What part of the computer collects data from people and from other devices?
input device
What part of the computer serves as a work area to store a program and its data while the program is running?
main memory (RAM)
What fundamental set of programs control the internal operations of the computer's hardware?
operating system
What part of the computer formats and presents data for people or other devices?
output device
What part of the computer holds data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer?
secondary storage
What do you call a program that performs a specialized task, such as a virus scanner, a file compression program, or a data backup program?
utility program
What is a program?
A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task. Is also referred to as software
List the five major components of a computer system.
1. The CPU 2. Main memory 3. Secondary storage devices 4. Input devices 5. Output devices
What is hardware?
Hardware refers to all of the physical devices, or components, of which a computer is made.
(True/False) Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.
True
(True/False) Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.
True
(True/False) Main memory is also known as RAM.
True
(True/False) An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.
True