Cultural Anthropology: Quiz 1

Which of the following is a feature of language

All of these (communication, systematic, consists of sounds organized into words)

Examples of social institutions are

All of these (kinship, marriage, farming)

Fieldwork involves

All of these (significant time in the field, learning local language, involved in peoples lives)

The 19th century British anthropologist who is credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective where the most evolved resembled the British societies in which he lived was

E.B. Tylor

This anthropologist rejected the idea that there are groups of people belonging to stable and unchanging races

Franz Boas

When anthropologists go into the field

all of the above (have a set of questions, change focus, go with the flow)

World systems theory helped anthropologists

all of these (explain uneven development, understand local social relations, explain historical emergence)

An ethical approach to anthropological research would emphasize

all of these (rejection of cladistine research, responsibilities towards the host, commitment to doing no harm

The practical use of anthropological knowledge to address real-world problems, sometimes called anthropology's fifth field, is _______ anthropology

applied

A paradigm that emphasizes humans that are made up of complex biological, cultural, and psychological processes is

biocultural

Cultural anthropologists do research by

building trusting relationships with people over a long period of time

The historical practice of more powerful countries claiming possession of less powerful ones is called _____ and was a driving force in anthropology

colonialism

The unilateral decision of one social group to take control of the symbols, objects, and practices of others is called _____

cultural appropriation

The moral intellectual principle that one should withhold judgement about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is

cultural relativism

The experience of feeling that the way your culture does things in the right way and any different way of doing things is wrong is called ________

ethnocentrism

Bronislaw Malinowski developed the ________ method, which requires the researcher to live with people for years in order to develop the "native's point of views"

ethnographic

T or F: Activities that are biologically based, such as eating and sleeping, are universally the same for all humans

false

T or F: Contemporary cultural anthropologists still rank societies along an evolutionary scale from primitive to advanced

false

T or F: When people consume the same clothes food, and good they eventually think and behave the same

false

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called

functionalism

According to anthropologists, ______ is the contemporary widening of scale of cross-cultural interactions owing to the rapid movement of money, people, goods, images, and ideas

globalization

Cultural _______ occurs when influential nations of the West impose their products and beliefs on less powerful nations

imperialism

Culture is..

learned and shared

________ _________ is the idea that people speaking different languages perceive the world differently

liguistic relativity

Ferdinand de Saussure made a distinction between the formal rules of language (langue) and the ways people speak it (______)

parole

_________ ________ is a key element of anthropological fieldwork because it is a systematic research strategy of 'just hanging out'

participant observation

Techniques that classify features of a phenomenon and count, measure, and construct statistical models are collecting and analyzing ..

quantitative data

A qualitative approach to studying social life in your university would emphasize all of the following except..

the construction of statistical models to explain activities in the community

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people

The main idea behind holistic perspective is to study culture..

through systematic connections of different parts

T or F: Diversity, defined anthropologically, refers to both multiplicity and variety, which is not the same thing as difference

true

T or F: Nature and nurture are not opposed but intertwined

true

T or F: in some cultures people are not born as full persons but gain that as they fulfill social obligations

true

In evolutionary terms, humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because:

we can speak using a larynx

T or F: anthropologists do not consider unstructured, causal conversations data

false