Cultural Anthropology: Quiz 1
Which of the following is a feature of language
All of these (communication, systematic, consists of sounds organized into words)
Examples of social institutions are
All of these (kinship, marriage, farming)
Fieldwork involves
All of these (significant time in the field, learning local language, involved in peoples lives)
The 19th century British anthropologist who is credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective where the most evolved resembled the British societies in which he lived was
E.B. Tylor
This anthropologist rejected the idea that there are groups of people belonging to stable and unchanging races
Franz Boas
When anthropologists go into the field
all of the above (have a set of questions, change focus, go with the flow)
World systems theory helped anthropologists
all of these (explain uneven development, understand local social relations, explain historical emergence)
An ethical approach to anthropological research would emphasize
all of these (rejection of cladistine research, responsibilities towards the host, commitment to doing no harm
The practical use of anthropological knowledge to address real-world problems, sometimes called anthropology's fifth field, is _______ anthropology
applied
A paradigm that emphasizes humans that are made up of complex biological, cultural, and psychological processes is
biocultural
Cultural anthropologists do research by
building trusting relationships with people over a long period of time
The historical practice of more powerful countries claiming possession of less powerful ones is called _____ and was a driving force in anthropology
colonialism
The unilateral decision of one social group to take control of the symbols, objects, and practices of others is called _____
cultural appropriation
The moral intellectual principle that one should withhold judgement about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is
cultural relativism
The experience of feeling that the way your culture does things in the right way and any different way of doing things is wrong is called ________
ethnocentrism
Bronislaw Malinowski developed the ________ method, which requires the researcher to live with people for years in order to develop the "native's point of views"
ethnographic
T or F: Activities that are biologically based, such as eating and sleeping, are universally the same for all humans
false
T or F: Contemporary cultural anthropologists still rank societies along an evolutionary scale from primitive to advanced
false
T or F: When people consume the same clothes food, and good they eventually think and behave the same
false
The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called
functionalism
According to anthropologists, ______ is the contemporary widening of scale of cross-cultural interactions owing to the rapid movement of money, people, goods, images, and ideas
globalization
Cultural _______ occurs when influential nations of the West impose their products and beliefs on less powerful nations
imperialism
Culture is..
learned and shared
________ _________ is the idea that people speaking different languages perceive the world differently
liguistic relativity
Ferdinand de Saussure made a distinction between the formal rules of language (langue) and the ways people speak it (______)
parole
_________ ________ is a key element of anthropological fieldwork because it is a systematic research strategy of 'just hanging out'
participant observation
Techniques that classify features of a phenomenon and count, measure, and construct statistical models are collecting and analyzing ..
quantitative data
A qualitative approach to studying social life in your university would emphasize all of the following except..
the construction of statistical models to explain activities in the community
An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as
the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people
The main idea behind holistic perspective is to study culture..
through systematic connections of different parts
T or F: Diversity, defined anthropologically, refers to both multiplicity and variety, which is not the same thing as difference
true
T or F: Nature and nurture are not opposed but intertwined
true
T or F: in some cultures people are not born as full persons but gain that as they fulfill social obligations
true
In evolutionary terms, humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because:
we can speak using a larynx
T or F: anthropologists do not consider unstructured, causal conversations data
false