DES1600: CH16-20

3. The most likely candidate for thyroid hypofunction would be a:

70 yr old woman

2. About __% of the U.S. population has diabetes mellitus.

8

3. Narrowing of atherosclerotic vessels must be about __% before blood flow drops to clinically significant levels.

80

1. Diabetes mellitus results from:

A. a deficiency in insulin secretion B. a reduction in the biological effectiveness of insulin

6. Clinically, hyperthyroidism may be characterized by:

A. an unusual sensitivity to catecholamines B. a lump or bump on the patient's neck

11. The respiratory rate increases when ______________ is present.

A. hyperventilation B. hyperthyroidism C. hyperglycemia

10. Which of the following statements is/are true of diabetes mellitus?

A. it is considered a disease of impaired carbohydrate utilization B. diabetes mellitus is a blood-vessel disease as well as one of carbohydrate utilization C. diabetic patients exhibit a greater incidence of cardiovascular disease than non diabetic patients

4. Which of the following causes of altered consciousness are accompanied by a gradual onset of clinical manifestations?

B. hyperglycemia C. hyperthyroidism

10. Immediate management of a patient with type 1 diabetes who loses consciousness is:

BLS, as indicated

8. Which of the following statements is true of CVA and TIA?

C. most TIAs last approximately 2 to 10 minutes

8. A TIA may be differentiated from a CVA because:

C. signs and symptoms of TIA commonly subside with 10 minutes, while a CVA continues to progress

8. Classically, hypoglycemia presents as:

D. tachycardia, cold clammy skin, anxiety, or sleepiness

8. Hypothyroid or hyperthyroid patients who have been treated and are currently euthyroid are ASA __ risks.

II

6. A patient who has had a CVA is routinely classified according to the ASA as type__ for 6 months.

IV

6. Hypoglycemia is manifested by:

a cold wet appearance mental confusion

7. The clinically hypothyroid patient may have:

a large, thick tongue

2. A ____________ is most likely to die from a CVA.

black man

3. A study of mortality in diabetic patients reported that the greatest percentage of deaths was related to:

cardiovascular causes

4. The major threat to survival of a patient who has had a CVA is:

cardiovascular disease

1. A deficiency of thyroid hormone during early life can produce a clinical syndrome known as:

cretinism

5. Which of the following systemic problems may manifest clinically as altered consciousness?

diabetes mellitus cerebrovascular ischemia & infarcation thyroid gland dysfunction

5. Hypoglycemia is most commonly caused by which of the following in diabetic patients?

dietary indiscretion

7. An abrupt onset of signs and symptoms are clinical manifestations of CVAs associated with:

embolism hemorrhage

8. Hypothyroidism is associated with:

fatigue

4. Chronic oral complications of diabetes mellitus include:

gingivitis

5. Which of the following is the most significant risk factor in predicting stroke?

high blood pressure

5. The skin of the hyperglycemic diabetic patient is __________ to the touch.

hot & dry

4. Which of the following is seen in myxedema coma?

hypercapnia

7. Acetone on the breath (ketoacidosis) indicates:

hyperglycemia

7. Which of the following problems does the following scenario describe? The patient is hot and dry to the touch and has a florid complexion, increased frequency of urination, increased thirst, and loss of weight with an increased appetite.

hyperglycemia

The most common cause of altered consciousness in the dental environment is:

hyperglycemia

10. Severely ________________ patients may have the characteristic fruity, sweet smell of acetone on their breath.

hyperglycemic

3. Which of the following conditions associated with altered consciousness occurs predominately in females?

hyperthyroidism

9. Thyroid storm is associated with:

hyperthyroidism

most often occurs between the ages of 20 and 40.

hyperthyroidism

12. Elevated blood pressure is associated with:

hyperthyroidism hyperventilation

7. Tingling, a "cool" sensation about the mouth, finger-tips, and toes, that may progress to carpopedal tetany are noted in which of the following?

hyperventalation

6. Agitation, perspiration, and possible fine tremor of the extremities (hands) give the appearance of nervousness and are apparent in patients who are:

hyperventilating

is the most common nondrug cause of altered consciousness in dentistry.

hyperventilation

9. A patient who is cold and sweaty, is shaking mildly, and has an apparent degree of mental disorientation exhibits signs of:

hypoglycemia

9. ______________ is most commonly associated with signs of mental confusion and bizarre behavioral patterns that may lead to a suspicion of alcohol or other drug use.

hypoglycemia

2. In pediatric patients, the most likely cause of altered consciousness is:

hypoglycemia secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus

9. Which of the following are often observed in a hyperthyroid rather than hypothyroid patient or in the general population?

mitral valve prolapse

2. Secondary thyroid failure results from diseases of the:

pituitary gland

6. The classic triad of diabetic symptoms includes polydipsia, polyphagia, and:

polyuria

2. If a patient has premedicated with alcohol to the point of intoxication, dental treatment should be:

postponed

10. After positioning an unconscious patient with a history of hypothyroidism:

provide BLS, as needed

9. It is recommended that the conscious TIA or CVA victim be placed in a comfortable ________ position.

semi-fowler

1. Stroke is the ________ leading cause of death in the United States.

third

4. Patients ____________ years of age make up most cases of hyperventilation.

under 40

5. Hyperthyroidism may be characterized by

unexplained weight loss ravenous appetite