EAQ ch 66- Care of Patients with Urinary Problems

What teaching will the nurse provide that would be most beneficial to the patient with urinary incontinence? 'Avoid using douches.' 'Drink cranberry juice.' 'Empty your bladder before and after sex.' 'Avoid exercises such as running and jogging.'

'Avoid exercises such as running and jogging.'

The nurse educates a group of women who have had frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) about how to avoid recurrences. Which patient statement shows a correct understanding of what the nurse has taught? 'Urinating 1000 mL on a daily basis is a good amount for me.' 'I should be drinking at least 1.5 to 2.5 liters of fluids every day.' 'It is a good idea for me to reduce germs by taking a tub bath daily.' 'Trying to get to the bathroom to urinate every 6 hours is important for me.'

'I should be drinking at least 1.5 to 2.5 liters of fluids every day.'

Which statement made by the patient indicates effective learning about tips to prevent urinary tract infections? 'I should take a bubble bath regularly.' 'I should clean the perineum from front to back.' 'I should drink high fructose cranberry juice daily.' 'I should use spermicidal agents with intercourse.'

'I should clean the perineum from front to back.'

The nurse is instructing an older adult female patient about interventions to decrease the risk for cystitis. Which patient comment indicates that the teaching was effective? 'I need to douche vaginally once a week.' 'I should drink 2½ liters of fluid every day.' 'I must avoid drinking carbonated beverages.' 'I will not drink fluids after 8 pm each evening.'

'I should drink 2½ liters of fluid every day.'

The nurse teaches a female patient about ways to prevent urinary tract infections. Which statements made by the patient indicate effective learning? Select all that apply. 'I should take a daily bubble bath.' 'I should drink 3 liters of fluid per day.' 'I should use flavored lubricants for intercourse.' 'I should wash the perineal area before intercourse.' 'I should include foods rich in vitamin C in my daily diet.'

'I should drink 3 liters of fluid per day.' 'I should wash the perineal area before intercourse.' 'I should include foods rich in vitamin C in my daily diet.'

A patient with a urinary tract infection is prescribed sulfamethoxazole. The nurse provides the patient with education about precautions to take to prevent adverse effects. Which statement made by the patient indicates effective learning? 'I should limit my intake of fluids between meals.' 'I should wear protective clothing when outdoors.' 'I should take the medication with a glass of grape juice.' 'I should avoid taking an antacid for 1 hour after taking the medication.'

'I should wear protective clothing when outdoors.'

The nurse is questioning a female patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI) about her antibiotic drug regimen. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further instruction? 'I always wipe front to back.' 'I try to drink 3 liters of fluid a day.' 'I take my medication only when I have symptoms.' 'I don't use bubble baths and other scented bath products.'

'I take my medication only when I have symptoms.'

A patient is admitted for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What information obtained on admission is most critical for a nurse to report to the health care provider before the ESWL procedure begins? 'I have been taking cephalexin for an infection.' 'I previously had several ESWL procedures performed.' 'I take over-the-counter naproxen twice a day for joint pain.' 'Blood in my urine has become less noticeable, so maybe I don't need this procedure.'

'I take over-the-counter naproxen twice a day for joint pain.'

The nurse is teaching a patient who is scheduled for a neobladder and a Kock's pouch. Which patient statement indicates a correct understanding of these procedures? 'I will have to drain my pouch with a catheter.' 'If I restrict my oral intake of fluids, the adjustment will be easier.' 'I need to wear loose-fitting pants so the urine can flow into my ostomy bag.' 'I must go to the restroom more often because my urine will be excreted through my anus.'

'I will have to drain my pouch with a catheter.'

The nurse is teaching the importance of a low purine diet to a patient admitted with urolithiasis consisting of uric acid. Which statement by the patient indicates that teaching was effective? 'I will no longer be able to have red wine with my dinner.' 'I am so relieved that I can continue eating my fried fish meals every week.' 'I will quit growing rhubarb in my garden since I'm not supposed to eat it anymore.' 'My wife will be happy to know that I can keep enjoying her liver and onions recipe.'

'I will no longer be able to have red wine with my dinner.'

The nurse is teaching a patient with a neurogenic bladder to use intermittent self-catheterization for bladder emptying. Which patient statement indicates a need for further clarification? 'My family members can be taught to help me if I need it.' 'A small-lumen catheter will help prevent injury to my urethra.' 'I will use a new, sterile catheter each time I do the procedure.' 'Proper handwashing before I start the procedure is very important.'

'I will use a new, sterile catheter each time I do the procedure.'

The nurse is discharging a patient who has undergone lithotripsy for urinary calculi. Which patient statement indicates the need for additional education by the nurse? 'I'll drink at least 3 L of fluid a day.' 'I'll check my urine pH three times a day.' 'I'll be off work for at least 1 day, but it could be longer.' 'I'll notify the doctor right away if my urine is bloody.'

'I'll notify the doctor right away if my urine is bloody.'

A patient who was previously diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) and started on antibiotics returns to the clinic 3 days later with the same symptoms. When asked about the previous UTI and medication regimen, the patient states, 'I only took the first dose because after that, I felt better.' How does the nurse respond? 'This means you will now have to take two drugs instead of one.' 'Not completing your medication can lead to return of your infection.' 'That means your treatment will be prolonged with this new infection.' 'What you did was okay; however, let's get you started on something else.'

'Not completing your medication can lead to return of your infection.'

Which statement by a novice nurse indicates the need for further learning about factors that contribute to urinary tract infections? 'Urinary stasis may be caused by incomplete bladder emptying in men.' 'Use of douches or perfumed pads and toilet tissue may cause colonization.' 'Susceptibility to periurethral colonization of coliform bacteria is increased when estrogen levels increase during menopause.' 'The use of drugs with intentional or unintentional anticholinergic properties in older adults contributes to delayed bladder emptying.'

'Susceptibility to periurethral colonization of coliform bacteria is increased when estrogen levels increase during menopause.'

A patient with a urinary tract infection is prescribed trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. What information does the nurse provide to this patient about taking this drug? Select all that apply. 'Take this drug with 8 ounces of water.' 'Drink at least 3 liters of fluids every day.' 'Try to urinate frequently to keep your bladder empty.' 'Be certain to wear sunscreen and protective clothing.' 'You will need to take all of the drug to get the benefits.'

'Take this drug with 8 ounces of water.' 'Drink at least 3 liters of fluids every day.' 'Be certain to wear sunscreen and protective clothing.' 'You will need to take all of the drug to get the benefits.'

A 53-year-old postmenopausal woman reports 'leaking urine' when she laughs, and is diagnosed with stress incontinence. What does the nurse tell the patient about how certain drugs may be able to help with her stress incontinence? 'They help your bladder to empty.' 'They decrease your bladder's tone.' 'They may be used to improve urethral resistance.' 'They can relieve your anxiety associated with incontinence.'

'They may be used to improve urethral resistance.'

The nurse is educating a female patient about hygiene measures to reduce her risk for a urinary tract infection (UTI). What does the nurse instruct the patient to do? 'Wipe from front to back.' 'Use only white toilet paper.' 'Douche—but only once a month.' 'Wipe with the softest toilet paper available.'

'Wipe from front to back.'

The nurse is teaching a patient about pelvic muscle exercises. What information does the nurse include? 'Results should be visible to you within 72 hours.' 'Limit your exercises to 5 minutes twice a day, or you will injure yourself.' 'For the best effect, perform all of your exercises while you are seated on the toilet.' 'You know that you are exercising correct muscles if you can stop urine flow in midstream.'

'You know that you are exercising correct muscles if you can stop urine flow in midstream.'

The health care provider requests phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for a patient with cystitis. What does the nurse tell the patient about the drug? 'It will act as an antibacterial drug.' 'You need to take the drug on an empty stomach.' 'Your urine will turn red or orange while on the drug.' 'This drug will treat your infection, not the symptoms of it.'

'Your urine will turn red or orange while on the drug.'

A patient is scheduled for radiography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB). What is the purpose of this examination? -Determine post-void residual -Measure the size of both kidneys -Detect the presence of urinary reflux -Stage a tumor detected through palpation

-Measure the size of both kidneys

The nurse receives the change-of-shift report on four patients. Which patient does the nurse decide to assess first? 26-year-old admitted 2 days ago with urosepsis and an oral temperature of 99.4° F (37.4° C) 28-year-old with urolithiasis who has been receiving morphine sulfate and has not voided for 8 hours 32-year-old admitted with hematuria and possible bladder cancer who is scheduled for a cystoscopy 40-year-old with noninfectious urethritis who is reporting 'burning' and has estrogen cream prescribed

28-year-old with urolithiasis who has been receiving morphine sulfate and has not voided for 8 hours

Which patients with long-term urinary problems does the nurse refer to community resources and support groups? Select all that apply. 80-year-old with dementia 32-year-old with a cystectomy 48-year-old with urinary calculi 44-year-old with a Kock's pouch 78-year-old with urinary incontinence

32-year-old with a cystectomy 44-year-old with a Kock's pouch 78-year-old with urinary incontinence

What clinical finding in a postmenopausal patient with urethritis does the nurse attribute to low estrogen levels? The urinalysis indicates pyuria. The urethral culture is positive for bacteria. A pelvic examination shows tissue changes. The urinalysis indicates the presence of bacteria.

A pelvic examination shows tissue changes.

Which condition may occur with an upper urinary tract infection? Cystitis Urethritis Prostatitis Acute pyelonephritis

Acute pyelonephritis

Which factors may contribute to the development of infectious cystitis? Select all that apply. Age Peritonitis Diabetes mellitus Bowel pathogens Elevated erythropoietin levels

Age Diabetes mellitus Bowel pathogens

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse assess for in a patient with overflow incontinence? Abrupt and strong urge to void Urine loss with physical exertion Bladder distention with constant dribbling Post-void residual urine less than or equal to 50 mL

Bladder distention with constant dribbling

Identify the function that is affected by the production of renin by the kidneys. Blood pressure Vitamin D activation Fluids and electrolytes Red blood cell formation

Blood pressure

How does a primary health care provider confirm stress urinary incontinence in a patient diagnosed with a urinary disorder? By assessing the abdomen By inspecting the external genitalia By asking the patient to cough while wearing a perineal pad By asking the patient to voluntarily start and stop urine flow during a void

By asking the patient to cough while wearing a perineal pad

The nurse finds mirabegron in the prescription of a patient with stress urinary incontinence. How does this medication reduce incontinence? By relaxing the detrusor smooth muscle By suppressing involuntary bladder contraction By enhancing nerve conduction to the urinary tract By increasing contractile force of the urethral sphincter

By relaxing the detrusor smooth muscle

The nurse is caring for patients on a renal/kidney medical-surgical unit. Which drug, requested by the health care provider for a patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI), does the nurse question? Norfloxacin Ciprofloxacin Carbamazepine Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim

Carbamazepine

Which complication may occur in a patient who is receiving ciprofloxacin treatment? Anemia Diarrhea Glaucoma Cardiac dysrhythmia

Cardiac dysrhythmia

What are the permanent causes associated with the occurrence of different types of urinary incontinence? Select all that apply. Congenital defects Urethral obstruction Cognitive impairment Abnormal openings in the urinary tract Structural or functional defects of the bladder

Congenital defects Cognitive impairment Structural or functional defects of the bladder

What does the nurse teach a patient with cystitis about preventing further flare-ups of the disease? Take tub baths often. Consume at least 2 to 3 L of fluids daily. Empty the bladder at least every 6 hours. Wash the perineal area with antiseptic solution.

Consume at least 2 to 3 L of fluids daily.

The nurse is caring for a patient with cystitis. What does the nurse ask the patient to include in the diet as part of nutritional therapy? Caffeine Cranberry juice Tomato products Carbonated beverages

Cranberry juice

Which diagnostic test can be used to palpate the prostate? Cystoscopy Renal ultrasound Digital rectal examination Voiding cystourethrography

Digital rectal examination

The nurse is assisting a primary health care provider while assessing a patient suspected with a urinary disorder. During assessment, the nurse observes that the primary health care provider is determining whether there is tactile sensation in the anal area. Which test is the primary health care provider performing in the patient by this intervention? Electromyography (EMG) Computed tomography (CT) Digital rectal examination (DRE) Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Digital rectal examination (DRE)

A patient is prescribed trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for urinary tract infection (UTI). What does the nurse instruct the patient about this therapy? Select all that apply. Monitor the pulse twice daily while taking this drug. Drink a full glass of water with each dose of the drug. Avoid taking the drug within 2 hours of taking an antacid. Wear sunscreen and protective clothing when out in the sun. Disclose any allergies to sulfa drugs before beginning therapy.

Drink a full glass of water with each dose of the drug Wear sunscreen and protective clothing when out in the sun. Disclose any allergies to sulfa drugs before beginning therapy.

What does the nurse teach a patient to do to decrease the risk for urinary tract infection (UTI)? Limit fluid intake. Limit sugar intake. Increase caffeine consumption. Drink about 3 liters of fluid daily.

Drink about 3 liters of fluid daily.

An older adult patient diagnosed with stress incontinence is prescribed the medication oxybutynin. Which side effects does the nurse tell the patient to expect? Select all that apply. Dry mouth Constipation Increased blood pressure Reddish-orange urine color Increased intraocular pressure

Dry mouth Constipation Increased intraocular pressure

What clinical manifestations does the nurse expect to find in an older patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI)? Select all that apply. Fever Dysuria Hypotension Increasing mental confusion Sudden onset of incontinence

Dysuria Increasing mental confusion Sudden onset of incontinence

The nurse is teaching a group of older adult women about the signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which concepts does the nurse explain in the presentation? Select all that apply. Dysuria Enuresis Nocturia Urgency Polyuria Frequency

Dysuria Nocturia Urgency Frequency

The nurse is assessing a female patient who has a history of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) after sexual intercourse. What does the nurse teach this patient to prevent future infections? Practice vaginal douching. Use scented or flavored vaginal lubricants. Empty the bladder before and after intercourse. Wash the perineal area vigorously with antiseptic soap.

Empty the bladder before and after intercourse.

A patient in the hospital has an indwelling catheter. What intervention does the nurse perform to prevent catheter-related infection? Avoid the use of coated catheters. Clean the perineum with antibiotic ointment. Apply clean technique when inserting the catheter. Ensure the urine collection bag is below bladder level.

Ensure the urine collection bag is below bladder level.

Which organism is most likely to cause infectious cystitis? Proteus species Escherichia coli Candida species Klebsiella pneumoniae

Escherichia coli

During assessment of a patient, what finding does the nurse associate with the presence of kidney stones? Oliguria Dysuria Flank pain Flank pain extending to the scrotum

Flank pain

Which nursing diagnosis observed in a patient with urinary incontinence is related to impaired cognition and neuromuscular limitations? Urge urinary incontinence Stress urinary incontinence Reflex urinary incontinence Functional urinary incontinence

Functional urinary incontinence

Which condition is likely to occur in a patient who is on immunosuppressant medication? Cystitis Acute infection Renal insufficiency Fungal urinary tract infection

Fungal urinary tract infection

A patient reports to the nurse the constant dribbling of urine. On assessment, the nurse finds that the bladder is distended up to the level of the umbilicus. What could be the causes associated with this type of incontinence? Select all that apply. Epispadias Genital prolapse Multiple sclerosis Myelomeningocele Diabetic neuropathy

Genital prolapse Multiple sclerosis Diabetic neuropathy

A cognitively impaired patient has urge incontinence. Which method for achieving continence would the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? Habit training Credé method Bladder training Kegel exercises

Habit training

The nurse finds allopurinol and febuxostat in the prescription of a patient with nephrolithiasis. The nurse also instructs the patient to include lemon or orange juice in the diet plan. What could be the patient's condition? High levels of cystine in the urine High levels of calcium in the urine High levels of oxalic acid in the urine High levels of uric acid crystals in the urine

High levels of uric acid crystals in the urine

What are the risk factors for bladder cancer? Select all that apply. History of cigarette smoking Infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae Repeated use of indwelling catheters Infection by Schistosoma haematobium Exposure to textile industry chemicals

History of cigarette smoking Infection by Schistosoma haematobium Exposure to textile industry chemicals

The nurse in the urology clinic is providing teaching for a female patient with cystitis. Which instructions does the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. If urine remains cloudy, call the clinic. Try to take in 64 ounces of fluid each day. Be sure to complete the full course of antibiotics. Expect some flank discomfort until the antibiotic has worked. Cleanse the perineum from back to front after using the bathroom.

If urine remains cloudy, call the clinic. Try to take in 64 ounces of fluid each day. Be sure to complete the full course of antibiotics.

Which changes associated with age contribute to urinary tract infections (UTIs)? Select all that apply. Immunity Fecal incontinence Decreased urine pH Decreased estrogen Use of medications with cholinergic properties

Immunity Fecal incontinence Decreased estrogen

What does the nurse identify as urosepsis in a patient? Infection spreads from the urinary tract to the bloodstream. Escherichia coli from the intestinal tract infects the urinary tract. Normal flora protection decreases following long-term antibiotic therapy. Decline in estrogen causes changes to the skin and mucous membranes.

Infection spreads from the urinary tract to the bloodstream.

Which anatomical structure or function of the kidney is unaffected by aging? Tubule length Thickened blood vessels Glomerular filtration rate Juxtamedullary nephron functions

Juxtamedullary nephron functions

In what location would the nurse expect to find infection in a patient with acute pyelonephritis? Urethra Kidneys Prostate gland Urinary bladder

Kidneys

What procedure does the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe for the removal of a large, impacted stone in a patient's kidney? Stenting Lithotripsy Pyelolithotomy Nephrolithotomy

Nephrolithotomy

A nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency department who has a severely elevated serum creatinine level. Other than kidney disease, what pathological condition may increase the serum creatinine level? Liver failure with severe ascites Diabetes with uncontrolled glucose regulation Vascular disease with damage to the endothelium No condition increases this level other than kidney disease.

No condition increases this level other than kidney disease.

Which nursing intervention is beneficial for a patient reporting irritation in the bladder who is taking cranberry capsules to treat a urinary tract infection? Notifying the primary health care provider Instructing the patient to continue the treatment for 4 more weeks Instructing the patient to take the cranberry capsule on empty stomach Asking the patient to consume tomato juice along with the cranberry capsule

Notifying the primary health care provider

Which diagnostic test is safe for patients with kidney failure to determine the functional ability of the kidney? Radiography Nuclear renal scan Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

Nuclear renal scan

A patient reports experiencing involuntary loss and constant dribbling of urine because of an enlarged prostate. How does the nurse document this incontinence? Urge incontinence Stress incontinence Reflex incontinence Overflow incontinence

Overflow incontinence

What symptoms does the nurse associate with internal bleeding or a hematoma in a patient after a kidney biopsy? Voiding pink-tinged urine Increase in urine output Increased blood pressure Pain radiating to the flank

Pain radiating to the flank

Which patients with an indwelling urinary catheter does the nurse reassess to determine whether the catheterization needs to be continued or discontinued? Select all that apply. Patient in the step-down unit Three-day postoperative patient Incontinent older adult in long-term care Incontinent patient with perineal skin breakdown Comatose patient with careful monitoring of intake and output (I&O)

Patient in the step-down unit Three-day postoperative patient Incontinent older adult in long-term care

Which patient is at risk if a kidney palpation is performed? Patient with an enlarged kidney Patient with a tumor in the kidney Patient with a low body mass index Patient with a thin abdominal musculature

Patient with a tumor in the kidney

Which nursing intervention or practice is most effective in helping to prevent urinary tract infection (UTI) in hospitalized patients? Encouraging them to drink fluids Irrigating all catheters daily with sterile saline Recommending that catheters be placed in all patients Periodically reevaluating the need for indwelling catheters

Periodically reevaluating the need for indwelling catheters

A female patient presents to the clinic with complaints of 'burning when urinating.' What findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the perineal area? Vaginal discharge Pink urethral meatus Inflamed labial tissue Ulcerations around the urethral meatus

Pink urethral meatus

Which percussion technique does the nurse use to assess a patient who reports flank pain? -Quickly tap the flank area with cupped hands. -Place outstretched fingers over the flank area and percuss with the fingertips. -Place one hand with the palm up over the flank area and cup the other hand to percuss the hand on the flank. -Place one hand with the palm down flat over the flank area and use the other fisted hand to thump the hand on the flank.

Place one hand with the palm down flat over the flank area and use the other fisted hand to thump the hand on the flank.

What leads the nurse to determine that a urine specimen taken for a urine culture has been contaminated? Absence of colonies in the culture Presence of 10 3 colony-forming units Presence of 10 5 colony-forming units Presence of different organisms in low colony counts

Presence of different organisms in low colony counts

The nurse is teaching behavioral techniques to a patient with reflux urinary incontinence. What does the nurse teach the patient about the Credé method? Use a warm sitz bath. Press over the bladder area. Run water in the sink simultaneously. Breathe to increase abdominal pressure.

Press over the bladder area.

Which complication does the nurse monitor for in a pregnant patient who is diagnosed with cystitis? Preterm labor Stone formation Gestational diabetes Orthostatic hypotension

Preterm labor

Which factor does the nurse suspect to be responsible for cystitis due to a fungal infection in a patient? Prolonged use of antibiotics Exposure to radiation therapy Consumption of high-fiber food Drinking about 3 liters of water every day

Prolonged use of antibiotics

Which kidney hormone regulates intrarenal blood flow by vasodilation or vasoconstriction? Renin Bradykinins Erythropoietin Prostaglandins

Prostaglandins

Which surgical procedure uses an abdominal, vaginal, or combined approach to treat intrinsic sphincter deficiencies in a patient with stress urinary incontinence? Midurethral sling Pubovaginal sling Retropubic suspension Needle bladder neck suspension

Pubovaginal sling

A patient who is 6 months pregnant comes to the prenatal clinic with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). What action does the nurse take with this patient? Refers the patient to the clinic nurse practitioner (CNP) for immediate follow-up Discharges the patient to her home for strict bedrest for the duration of the pregnancy Instructs the patient to drink a minimum of 3 liters of fluids, especially water, every day to 'flush out' bacteria Recommends that the patient refrain from having sexual intercourse until after she has delivered her baby

Refers the patient to the clinic nurse practitioner (CNP) for immediate follow-up

Which complication may occur in a patient with asymptomatic bacterial urinary tract infection (ABUTI)? Sepsis Pyelonephritis Renal insufficiency Severe kidney damage

Renal insufficiency

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a urinary catheter in place for three weeks. Nursing assessment findings include temperature of 100.1°F, pulse 99 bpm, respirations 22 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 118/62 mm Hg. The nurse notes that the patient's urine is cloudy and blood-tinged. The health care provider is notified, and orders for a urine culture and antibiotic are received. What is the nurse's priority action? Administer the ordered antibiotic. Obtain a urine specimen and administer the antibiotic. Replace the catheter, and then obtain a urine specimen for culture. Use aseptic technique to obtain a sample of the urine from the catheter bag.

Replace the catheter, and then obtain a urine specimen for culture.

What complication may the nurse expect in an older patient with an indwelling catheter for urinary continence? Urine retention Skin breakdown Risk for infection Damage to tissues

Risk for infection

Which nursing activity illustrates proper aseptic technique during catheter care? Irrigating the catheter daily Sending a urine specimen to the laboratory for testing Positioning the collection bag below the height of the bladder Applying Betadine ointment to the perineal area after catheterization

Sending a urine specimen to the laboratory for testing Positioning the collection bag below the height of the bladder

What clinical findings does the nurse attribute to the presence of kidney stones? Select all that apply. Smoky urine Urine pH of 6 Odorless urine Increased serum calcium Increased serum phosphate

Smoky urine Increased serum calcium Increased serum phosphate

Which foods should the patient with urinary calcium oxalate stones avoid to prevent future stone formation? Select all that apply. Spinach Black tea Sardines Rhubarb Organ meats

Spinach Black tea Rhubarb

What method of emptying the bladder is helpful for a patient with a large cystocele? Splinting Credé method Double-voiding Valsalva maneuver

Splinting

The certified Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurse (CWOCN) or enterostomal therapist (ET) teaches a patient who has had a cystectomy about which care principles for the patient's post-discharge activities? Respiratory care Stoma and pouch care Nutritional and dietary care Wiping from front to back (asepsis)

Stoma and pouch care

Which interventions are helpful in preventing bladder cancer? Select all that apply. Stopping the use of tobacco Drinking 2½ liters of fluid a day Using pelvic floor muscle exercises Showering after working with or around chemicals Wearing a lead apron when working with chemicals Wearing gloves and a mask when working around chemicals and fumes

Stopping the use of tobacco Showering after working with or around chemicals Wearing gloves and a mask when working around chemicals and fumes

Which type of incontinence benefits from pelvic floor muscle (Kegel) exercise? Urge Stress Overflow Functional

Stress

Which type of incontinence is characterized by the involuntary loss of urine during activities that increase abdominal or detrusor pressure? Urge Stress Overflow Functional

Stress

A nurse is caring for a patient suspected of having pyelonephritis. What is the best position for the nurse to place the patient in when performing auscultation of the renal vessels? Prone Supine Left lateral recumbent Right lateral recumbent

Supine

A patient is prescribed the extended-release form of the anticholinergic drug oxybutynin as first-line management for urge incontinence. Which instruction would the nurse give the patient regarding drug administration? Chew the tablet. Swallow the tablet whole. Crush and dissolve the tablet in water. Perform an allergy test before taking the tablet.

Swallow the tablet whole.

A patient is ordered phenazopyridine to reduce bladder pain and burning on urination. What does the nurse teach the patient about this drug regimen? Report blurred vision. Take the drug with a meal. Report if the urine turns red. Wear dark glasses in sunlight.

Take the drug with a meal.

A patient is prescribed prophylactic immunotherapy with intravesical instillation of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to prevent the recurrence of a bladder tumor. What does the nurse inform the patient about this therapy? Flush the toilet three times after use. The procedure is done in an inpatient setting. Dispose of clothing that comes in contact with urine in 24 hours. The BCG virus compound is allowed to dwell in the bladder for 2 hours.

The BCG virus compound is allowed to dwell in the bladder for 2 hours.

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about a urinary catheterization. Which action by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? The student nurse washes the perineum with soap and water. The student nurse uses a 14 Fr catheter with a small balloon. The student nurse places the urine collection bag above the bladder. The student nurse injects 10 mL of irrigation solution into the balloon.

The student nurse places the urine collection bag above the bladder.

At what stage of tumor growth would the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe a simple excision for a patient with urothelial cancer? The tumor has spread to the muscle area. The tumor is confined to the bladder mucosa. The tumor is deep, but not in the muscle layer. The tumor has spread to the surrounding tissue.

The tumor is confined to the bladder mucosa.

The nurse asks the patient diagnosed with a urinary disorder to voluntarily start and stop urine flow during a void at least twice. What is the rationale for this instruction? To detect impaction of stool To determine pelvic muscle strength To locate abnormalities in the kidneys and ureters To assess support and functioning of the urinary tract system

To determine pelvic muscle strength

Why is it important for the patient with calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate stones to reduce sodium intake? To dilute the urine. To reduce acidic urine. To reduce urinary purine content. To increase calcium reabsorption.

To increase calcium reabsorption.

What is the purpose of periurethral injection of collagen or siloxane in the treatment of a patient with stress urinary incontinence? To elevate the bladder neck To elevate the urethral position To provide support around the bladder neck To facilitate opening and closing of the urethra

To provide support around the bladder neck

A 32-year-old female with a urinary tract infection (UTI) reports urinary frequency, urgency, and some discomfort upon urination. Her vital signs are stable except for a temperature of 100° F. Which drug does the health care provider prescribe? Estrogen Nitrofurantoin after intercourse Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Phenazopyridine with intercourse

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Which type of incontinence is also known as an overactive bladder (OAB)? Urge Mixed Overflow Functional

Urge

Which diagnostic test would be instrumental in diagnosing a patient with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) if the laboratory report shows pyuria and the presence of 24 epithelial cells/high power field (hpf)? Urinalysis Cystoscopy Pelvic ultrasound Retrograde pyelography

Urinalysis

Which test does the primary health care provider recommend as the first step in assessment of incontinence in patients of any age? Urinalysis Digital rectal examination (DRE) Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) Electromyography (EMG) of the pelvic muscles

Urinalysis

A patient with bladder cancer is scheduled for a ureterosigmoidostomy. What is the outcome of this procedure? Urine is diverted to the large intestine. Urine is diverted into a surgically created pouch. Urine is diverted directly to the skin surface through a stoma. Urine is collected in a portion of the intestine and let out through a stoma.

Urine is diverted to the large intestine.

A patient is scheduled for a lithotripsy to break down existing kidney stones into small fragments. What does the nurse tell the patient about the procedure? It is done under general anesthesia. Urine must be strained after lithotripsy. Bruising after the procedure must be reported. An anesthetic cream is applied to the skin just before the procedure.

Urine must be strained after lithotripsy.

The nurse is caring for an older adult who is experiencing increased mental confusion and worsening incontinence. The laboratory results reveal an elevated white blood cell count with a shift to the left. Based on the clinical findings, what does the nurse suspect? Cystitis Urosepsis Pyelonephritis Urinary tract infection

Urosepsis

What principle will the nurse adhere to in order to minimize catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)? Use of indwelling catheter for routine measurement of urine Use of intermittent catheterization for postoperative urinary retention Use of antimicrobial catheters for patients who require a urinary catheter Use of antiseptic solutions to cleanse the periurethral area for routine hygiene

Use of intermittent catheterization for postoperative urinary retention

Which factor does the nurse attribute to stress urinary incontinence in a patient? Impaired cognition Spasmodic bladder Weak pelvic muscles Decreased bladder capacity

Weak pelvic muscles

A female patient has acquired a urinary tract infection (UTI) for the second time. What does the nurse instruct the patient to do to prevent future infections? Select all that apply. Wear loose-fitting cotton underwear. Take a vitamin A supplement daily. Clean the perineal area from back to front. Take 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar three times daily. Take prescribed antibiotics as directed and schedule a follow-up.

Wear loose-fitting cotton underwear. Take 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar three times daily. Take prescribed antibiotics as directed and schedule a follow-up.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has pyuria. What does the urinalysis reveal in this patient? Kidney stones Heavy bacteria in the urine Red blood cells in the urine White blood cells in the urine

White blood cells in the urine