Earch Science CH5 Study Guide

Extrusive rocks

Fine grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earths surface

What is the most common instrusive igneous rock?

Granite

Know what the left side of Bowen's reaction series is.

Iron rich minerals

What does the silica content in magma impact?

It affect melting tempurature and also impacts how quickly it flows.

What does partial melting do to the chemical composition of magma?

It changes its composition

Kimberlites

Rare ultra-mafic rock that can contain diamonds and other minerals formed only under very high pressure

What three ways magma is classified?

Rhyolitic, Andesitic, Basaltic

Porphyritic

Rock texture characterized by large, well formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same mineral.

What elements are left over at the end of the Bowen's reaction series?

Silica and Oxygen

What are the 4 main factors that are involved in the formation of magma?

Tempurature, pressure, water content, mineral composition

Igneous rocks

formed from the cooling and crystallization of magma

Mrs.James GimKit Code

https://www.gimkit.com/view/6530907b5dcb07002b88365e

The first minerals to crystallize from magma are the _______ to melt during partial melting.

last

Felsic

light-colored igneous rocks that contain quartz and feldspars and have high silica contents.

Fractional crystallization

process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma.

Pegmatites

vein deposits of extremely large-grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium.

What do porphyritic textures indicate?

A complex cooling history where in a slowly cooling magma suddenly began cooling rapidly.

The water content in rocks and minerals, does what to the melting point of the rock?

Changes the melting point.

Intrusive rocks

Coarse grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools slowly and solidifies inside Earths crust.

Mafic

Dark-colored igneous rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium.

Know the valuable minerals found in kimberlites and what forms them.

Diamonds

Know what rare elements are found in pegmatites.

Lithium and beryllium

What elements are found in magma?

Oxygen(O), Silicon(Si), Aluminum(Al), Iron(Fe), Magnesium(Mg), Calcium(Ca), Potassium(K), Sodium(Na), Silica(Sio2)

Partial melting

Process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temps, chaning its composition.

Where are valuable ore deposits often located?

Within igneous rocks other times in surrounding intrusions