Earth's Interior

Which statements about Earth's crust are true? Check all that apply.

A. The crust includes soil, rock, and water. D. The ocean crust is made of young rocks. E. The ocean crust is denser than continental crust.

Which phrases are true of only the mantle? Check all that apply.

A. made of three layers B. has a tarry layer E. has a solid outer layer

Why are the properties of the asthenosphere important? Check all that apply.

B. Earth's plates float on the denser asthenosphere. D. The asthenosphere allows Earth's crust to move.

Which sources do scientists use to study the interior of Earth? Check all that apply.

B. core samples D. earthquakes E. S waves F. rock composition

Which statements describe what geologists study? Check all that apply.

B. the solid parts of Earth C. the inside of Earth E. the forces that affect Earth F. the rocks and minerals that make up Earth

A scientist uses a special instrument to measure the depth of Earth's crust. He measures one location that is 65 kilometers deep. Where is this section of crust most likely located?

C. below a mountain range

Which event would most likely occur if Earth did not retain the heat from its formation?

D. The asthenosphere and outer core would solidify.

? provide us with the actual rocks from inside Earth. They are considered ? evidence of Earth's interior.

core samples, direct

When going from a depth of 5,000 meters in Earth to a depth of 2,500 meters, the temperature would

decrease

asthenosphere

has a tarry consistency

When going from a depth of 4,000 meters in Earth to a depth of 6,000 meters, the pressure would

increase

outer core

is made of liquified metal

inner core

is under great pressure and is solid

lower mantle

is under the asthenosphere

? are a form of energy that travels through or across Earth and helps scientists infer what is inside Earth. They are considered ? evidence of Earth's interior.

seismic waves, indirect

Geologists can use ? waves to learn about Earth's interior. P waves travel faster than S waves. S waves travel through solids only, which tells geologists that the ? core is liquid. Geologists call the outer, solid area of Earth the crust; the next layer is the ?. Finally, at the very center, is the core.

seismic, outer, mantle

During an earthquake, geologists use a machine called a ? to study seismic waves.

seismograph

P waves can pass through both solid and molten rock, but S waves can pass only through ? rock.

solid