Emergency Care 13th Ed. Chapter 28 - Musculoskeletal Trauma
__________, which is contained in the center of the bone, is the site of red blood cell production
Bone marrow
The amount of traction applied with a traction splint should be roughly ___ percent of the patient's body weight, not to exceed ___ lbs
10 percent, 15 lbs
An _______ fracture is a fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other
Angulated
______ are hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the bod and protection to vital organs. They provide the framework for the body
Bones
_______ is tough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps form certain body parts such as the ear
Cartilage
A dropped shoulder, with the patient holding the arm of his injured side against the chest often indicates a fracture of the _______
Clavicle
A _____________ injury is an injury to the extremity with no associated opening of the skin
Closed extremity
A ________ fracture is a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places
Comminuted
_____________ is an injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast
Compartment syndrome
_______ is a grating sensation or sound made when fractured bone ends rub together
Crepitus
Injured joints should be splinted in the position found unless the distal extremity is _______ or lacks ______
Cyanotic, pulses
The most serious hazard of splinting is "splinting someone to ______," ignoring life threatening injuries or delaying transport to splint unnecessarily
Death
____________ is a person being struck by an automobile
Direct force
A ________ is the disruption or "coming apart" of a joint
Dislocation
________ is another word for bruising
Ecchymosis
The ________ are the portions of the skeleton that include the clavicles, scapulae, arms, wrists, hands, pelvis, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet
Extremeties
The most common bone injury is a break, or _______, and it's first effects are swelling and the formation of a blood clot in the area of insult
Fracture
A ________ fracture is an incomplete fracture
Greenstick
An example of ______ force is a fall from heights with a person landing on their feet. The direct force injures their feet and ankles, but their knees, femurs, pelvis, and spinal column are also injured
Indirect
______ are places where bones articulate, or meet, and are critical in the body's ability to move
Joints
_______ connect bone to bone
Ligaments
___________ is the process of applying tension to straighten and realign a fractured limb before splinting
Manual traction
_______ are the tissues or fibers that cause movement of body parts and organs
Muscles
An ____________ injury is an extremity injury in which the skin has been broken through or torn through from the inside by an injured bone or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone
Open extremity
_______ is another word for pale skin
Pallor
________ is the medical term for the sensation of "pins and needles"
Parasthesia
A _________ reduces internal bleeding and pain while providing stabilization to the pelvis
Pelvic wrap
Bones are covered by a strong, white, fibrous material called the _______
Periostinum
The object of _______ (straightening) is to assist in restoring effective circulation to the extremity and to fit it to a splint
Realignment
Proper _______ and prehospital care can prevent a closed injury from becoming an open injury
Splinting
A ______ is the stretching and tearing of ligaments
Sprain
A _______ is a muscle injury resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle
Strain
_______ connect muscle to bone
Tendons
A _____________ is a splint that applies constant pull along the length of a lower extremity to help stabilize the fractured bone and to reduce muscle spasm in the limb. Typically used on femoral shaft fractures
Traction splints
_______ or ______ force can cause stretching or tearing of muscles or ligaments, as well as broken bones
Twisting or rotational