EMR

For purposes of rescue breathing, a child is a person between: a. 1 and 8 years of age b. 1 and 16 to 18 years of age c. 1 and 21 years of age d. 1 and 12 to 14 years of age

1 and 12 to 14 years of age

The most appropriate ventilation rate for a nonbreathing 10-year old child is: a. 12 to 20 breaths/min b. 10 to 12 breaths/min c. 12 to 15 breaths/min d. 8 to 10 breaths/min

12 to 20 breaths/min

A self-inflating bag-mask device will deliver _____ oxygen without supplemental oxygen attached. a. 12% b. 16% c. 21% d. 55%

21%

The usual adult dose of activated charcoal is: a. 12.5 to 25 g b. 25 to 50 g c. 5 to 12.5 g d. 25 to 100 g

25 to 50 g

At what age do the body's systems typically begin to decline? a. 41 years b. 22 years c. 50 years d. 35 years

41 years

Late adulthood is considered to begin at _____ years of age. a. 61 b. 71 c. 75 d. 65

61

Which of the following statements regarding a base station is correct? A. A base station is a powerful mobile two-way radio system that is designed to transmit on multiple frequencies B. Base stations are attached to more than one antenna but can transmit and receive on only one frequency C. Most base stations can be mobilized and deployed quickly to a remote location in an emergency situation D. A base station is used by dispatchers to send and receive messages to and from all parts of the service area

A base station is used by dispatchers to send and receive messages to and from all parts of the service area

Which of the following statements regarding blood pressure is correct? a. A blood pressure cuff that is too small for the patient may give a falsely high reading b. When auscultating a blood pressure, only the systolic pressure is recorded c. When palpating a blood pressure, you should feel the brachial pulse d. Hypotension exists when the systolic blood pressure is less than 110 mm Hg

A blood pressure cuff that is too small for the patient may give a falsely high reading

Minimal protective equipment that the emergency medical responder (EMR) should use during extrication includes: a. A bunker coat, a helmet with a face shield, and gloves b. Safety goggles and sterile rubber gloves c. A helmet with a face shield and gloves d. Thick glasses, a bunker coat, and gloves

A helmet with a face shield and gloves

Which of the following MOST accurately defines a behavioral emergency? a. A psychiatric patient experiences a sudden deterioration in his or her condition and becomes suicidal b. A person exhibits abnormal, unacceptable behavior that cannot be tolerated by family, friends, or the community c. A person who was otherwise acting normally suddenly becomes irritable and displays abnormal or bizarre behavior d. A patient requires medical assistance because of a progressive change in his or her behavior

A person exhibits abnormal, unacceptable behavior that cannot be tolerated by family, friends, or the community

EMS documentation is MOST accurately defined as: a. A process for verifying your actions on a call using written or computer-based records b. A quality assurance tool that your medical director can use to determine if you performed appropriately c. A written chronological account that includes all of the skills you performed at the scene d. A direct method of communicating with your patient by writing all questions on paper

A process for verifying your actions on a call using written or computer-based records

When arriving at a patient's residence, all of the following signs would indicate that the patient is visually impaired, EXCEPT: A. A small dog penned up in the backyard b. The patient pointing to his or her ear when you talk c. A white cane found near the patient d. The presence of eye glasses

A small dog penned up in the backyard

Confined space rescue requires: a. The fire department hazardous materials team b. A minimum of three personnel c. A self-contained breathing apparatus d. A specially trained team

A specially trained team

The MOST common cause of seizures in infants and small children is: a. Epilepsy b. Drug or alcohol poisoning c. A severe head injury d. A sudden high fever

A sudden high fever

During CHF, congestion of blood occurs in the: a. Patient's brain b. Blood vessels c. Heart d. Kidneys

Blood vessels

You are working in your yard when you see your neighbor, a middle-aged woman, collapse in her front yard. You should: a. Perform about 2 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if needed and then activate EMS b. Activate EMS after assessing the patient's level of responsiveness c. Place the patient in the recovery position and then activate the emergency medical service (EMS) d. Immediately call 9-1-1 and then return to the patient to assess her

Activate EMS after assessing the patient's level of responsiveness

A 4-year-old girl ingested a bottle of aspirin approximately 30 minutes ago. She is conscious and alert but complains that her stomach hurts. The child's mother tells you that she does not think her daughter ingested anything else. The poison control center will MOST likely request that you: a. dilute the poison by giving her milk b. administer 12.5 grams of activated charcoal c. induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac d. transport the child

Administer 12.5 grams of activated charcoal

The highest concentration of oxygen can be delivered to a patient with a bag-mask device if: a. an oxygen reservoir is attached b. the ventilation rate exceeds 24 breaths/min. c. oxygen is attached to the device. d. the mask-to-face seal is adequate.

An oxygen reservoir is attached

Upon arriving at the scene of a multiple casualty incident, the EMR's primary responsibility is to: a. Advise the dispatcher that additional resources will be needed b. Assess the environment to detect possible threats to his or her safety c. Quickly gain access to all patients and begin immediate treatment d. Protect bystanders from any hazards that may exist at the scene

Assess the environment to determine possible threats to his or her safety

The FIRST step in the process of extrication involves: a. Immediately disentangling the patients b. Providing initial emergency medical care c. Assessing the scene and requesting help d. Stabilizing the scene and removing any hazards

Assessing the scene and requesting help

Which of the following statements regarding respiratory problems is correct? a. Dyspnea is rarely caused by heart problems b. Bronchitis is most often an acute condition c. Emphysema is caused by an infection in the lungs d. Asthma produces wheezing during exhalation

Asthma produces wheezing during exhalation

Tendons function by: a. Providing the body's framework b. Supporting two bones at a joint c. Attaching muscles to the bones d. Connecting bones to each other

Attaching muscles to the bones

Patients with deeply pigmented skin may show color changes in all of the following locations, EXCEPT the: a. Inside of the mouth b. Fingernail beds c. Whites of the eyes d. Back of the hands

Back of the hands

You arrive at an office building shortly after a 29-year-old man had a seizure. During your assessment, you determine that the patient is unresponsive and is breathing very slowly with minimal chest rise. You should: a. Place the patient on his side and observe him b. Begin mouth-to-mask rescue breathing c. Apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask d. Restrain the patient in case he has another seizure

Begin mouth-to-mask rescue breathing

The alveoli in the lungs are surrounded by very small blood vessels called: a. Venules b. Veins c. Arterioles d. Capillaries

Capillaries

Which of the following is NOT a common hazard associated with farm silos? a. High-angle hazards b. Explosive hazards c. Carbon dioxide depletion d. Confined space hazards

Carbon dioxide depletion

Angina pectoris is a condition that occurs when: a. A coronary artery is completely blocked b. Cardiac oxygen demand exceeds supply c. Blood flow to the entire heart ceases d. A blood clot lodges in a coronary artery

Cardiac oxygen demand exceeds supply

Shock is MOST accurately defined as: a. Failure of the respiratory system b. Cardiovascular system collapse c. Excess carbon dioxide removal d. Massive internal bleeding

Cardiovascular system collapse

During your primary assessment of a 21-year-old man who was rescued from the water, you note that he is unresponsive, is not breathing, and has water draining from the side of his mouth. You should: a. Assess for the presence of a pulse. b. Carefully turn him onto his side c. Begin rescue breathing at once d. Dry off the patient to keep him warm

Carefully turn him onto his side

A water tower is an example of a(n): a. Below-ground confined space b. Elevated confined space c. Ground-level confined space d. High-angle space

Elevated confined space

After manually opening an unconscious patient's airway, you should: a. Insert an airway adjunct and begin rescue breathing at once b. Assess the patient's respiratory rate and administer oxygen c. Place the patient in the recovery position and observe him or her closely d. Check the mouth for secretions, foreign bodies, or dentures

Check the mouth for secretions, foreign bodies, or dentures

The heart receives its oxygen supply from the: a. Pulmonary veins b. Coronary arteries c. Pulmonary arteries d. Coronary capillaries

Coronary arteries

Which of the following statements regarding twins is correct? a. Contractions usually do not cease between deliveries of the infants b. The mother will always be able to tell you if she is having twins c. The majority of twins will deliver within 1 to 2 hours of each other d. Delivery of the second infant occurs no differently from the first

Delivery of the second infant occurs no differently from the first

Which layer of the skin contains sensory nerves and sweat glands? a. deep muscle tissue b. epidermis c. subcutaneous layer d. dermis

Dermis

The function of the poison control center is to: a. Determine whether paramedics are needed b. Determine if treatment should begin before transport c. Advise you whether the patient requires transport d. Identify the exact amount of poison a patient ingested

Determine if treatment should begin before transport

Which of the following is NOT a component of the scene size-up? a. Strict adherence to standard precautions at all times b. Ensuring that the scene is safe for you to enter c. Determining whether the patient is sick or injured d. Determining the need for additional resources

Determining whether the patient is sick or injured

The US Department of Transportation's responsibility is to: a. Maintain a registry of all certified EMRs in the country b. Develop the national education standards for the EMR c. Determine each EMR's scope of practice d. Credential the EMR through a system of testing

Develop the national education standards for the EMR

Signs of a severe (complete) airway obstruction in a child include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. a silent cough b. increased breathing difficulty c. little or no air movement d. difficulty speaking

Difficulty speaking

Which of the following typically occurs when a swimmer experiences trouble in the water and begins breathing inefficiently? a. Exhaustion and loss of buoyancy b. Rapid decrease in body temperature c. Spastic closure of the larynx d. Vomiting and aspiration into the lungs

Exhaustion and loss of buoyancy

The developing infant is also called the: a. Fetus b. Egg c. Zygote d. Embryo

Fetus

Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. Flushed, dry skin b. Nausea and dizziness c. Profuse sweating d. Lightheadedness

Flushed, dry skin

In the absence of a prepackaged OB kit, it is MOST important to remember that you can still assist in delivering an infant with no more than: a. Sterile towels and hot water b. Umbilical clamps and clean blankets c. Gloved hands and common sense d. A face mask and a pair of sterile gloves

Gloved hands and common sense

The MOST common cause of death in public safety workers is: a. Heart and blood vessel disease b. Cancer from exposure to poisons c. Job-related accidents d. Depression and suicide

Heart and blood vessel disease

Patients with an air embolism or decompression sickness often require treatment in a(n): a. Hyperbaric chamber b. Decompression chamber c. High-altitude chamber d. Operating room

Hyperbaric Chamber

A very important step to remember when handling any hazardous materials (HazMat) incident is to: a. Carefully enter the hot zone to remove any patients b. Keep back at least 100′ (30.5 m) from the incident scene c. Identify the substance(s) involved in the incident d. Assist the HazMat team once it arrives

Identify the substance(s) involved in the incident

Upon arriving at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash, you determine that there are multiple patients. You should: A. Page additional help by using the mobile data terminal in your response vehicle B. Immediately request additional resources using the mobile radio in your response vehicle c. Call for additional help using a cellular phone after you have determined the severity of the patients' injuries d. Triage all patients and then use your portable radio to call for additional resources

Immediately request additional resources using the mobile radio in your response vehicle

When applying compression to the major artery of an extremity, bleeding is controlled by: a. indirectly preventing blood from flowing into the limb b. directly preventing blood from flowing into the injured limb. c. lowering the amount of pressure exerted on the arterial wall. d. allowing blood to pool beyond the site of the injured limb.

Indirectly preventing blood from flowing into the limb

The hormone that enables sugar carried by the blood to move into individual cells is called: a. Glucose b. Insulin c. Glucagon d. Fructose

Insulin

Which of the following is the LEAST common cause of altered mental status in elderly patients? a. Intentional drug overdose b. Lack of oxygen to the brain c. Low blood glucose level d. Hypothermia

Intentional drug overdose

You arrive at an apartment complex where a young woman is experiencing an acute emotional crisis. Law enforcement is present, and the scene is safe. As you enter the patient's apartment, you find her sitting on her couch. She is crying and in obvious emotional distress. You should: a. Ensure that your physical positioning is higher than that of the patient. b. Introduce yourself to the patient and ask her what her name is c. Establish immediate and constant eye contact with the patient d. Ask the patient if she has any thoughts of hurting herself

Introduce yourself to the patient and ask what her name is

You and your partner are the first to arrive at the scene of a man who fell approximately 20′ (6 m) from a second-story balcony. The patient is found lying on his side. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. A paramedic unit is approximately 5 minutes away. You should: a. Keep the patient's head and neck stabilized, tell the patient not to move, and wait for the paramedic unit to arrive at the scene b. Carefully immobilize the patient to a long backboard and monitor his condition until the paramedic unit arrives c. Apply a cervical collar and carefully secure the patient to a short backboard or vest-style immobilization device d. Carefully place the patient on his back and stabilize his head and neck until the paramedic unit arrives at the scene

Keep the patient's head and neck stabilized, tell the patient not to move, and wait for the paramedic unit to arrive on scene

Fibrous bands that connect bones to each other are called: a. Muscles b. Tendons c. Ligaments d. Joints

Ligaments

Bile is produced by the __________ and is stored in the ___________. a. Pancreas, liver b. Gallbladder, kidneys c. Pancreas, stomach d. Liver, gallbladder

Liver, gallbladder

If you suspect that a person has been abused, your initial responsibility is to: a. Objectively document your assessment findings b. Immediately update the responding emergency medical service (EMS) unit c. Report the situation to law enforcement d. Maintain safety for yourself and the patient

Maintain safety for yourself and the patient

A ___________ transmits data messages through a radio system and reduces the amount of time the radio frequency is tied up to send or receive a message. a. Rapid paging system b. Fax machine c. Mobile data terminal d. Stationary base station

Mobile data terminal

A mass-casualty incident is MOST accurately defined as a situation in which there are: a. More patients than your initial resources can handle b. Two or more types of hazardous materials involved c. At least five critically injured and five deceased patients involved d. More than five critically ill or injured patients involved

More patients than your initial resources can handle

The MOST important initial treatment for a patient with heatstroke is: a. Rapidly cooling the patient with water b. Moving the patient to a cooler place c. Opening the airway and assessing breathing d. Elevating the patient's lower extremities

Moving the patient to a cooler place

During your assessment of an unresponsive young female who overdosed on an unknown type of drug, you note that her pupils are bilaterally constricted. Which of the following types of drugs should you suspect? a. Narcotic b. Amphetamine c. Marijuana d. Barbiturate

Narcotic

Anthrax, plague, and smallpox are: a. Examples of chemical weapons or agents b. Used to kill a relatively small number of people c. Man-made chemicals that often cause rapid death d. Naturally occurring substances that produce disease

Naturally occurring substances that produce disease

A patient with neurologic trauma has injury to some part of the: a. cardiovascular system b. brain or spinal cord c. vasculature d. nervous system

Nervous system

Insulin is produced by the: a. Spleen b. Gallbladder c. Pancreas d. Liver

Pancreas

If you are by yourself and a child with an airway obstruction becomes unresponsive, you should: a. Perform five cycles of CPR and then activate EMS b. Lay the child supine and perform abdominal thrusts c. Roll the child on his or her side and deliver back slaps d. Immediately call EMS and then return to the child

Perform five cycles of CPR and then activate EMS

The _________ draw (s) nutrients from the wall of the mother's uterus and deliver(s) them to the developing fetus: a. Umbilical cord b. Ovaries c. Uterus d. Placenta

Placenta

Chlorine and phosgene are common: a. pulmonary agents b. insecticides c. blister agents d. nerve agents

Pulmonary agents

The function of the right ventricle is to: a. Pump blood to the body b. Pump blood to the lungs c. Receive blood from the body d. Receive blood from the lungs

Pump blood to the lungs

You and your partner are the first unit to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The driver of the car is deceased. There are two passengers in the back seat, an unconscious man who is breathing poorly, and a conscious woman who is lying on top of him. How should you move the woman? a. Manually stabilize her head and neck, leave her where she is, and wait for a paramedic unit to arrive at the scene b. Slide a long backboard underneath her, secure her to the board with straps, and rapidly remove her from the car c. Apply a cervical collar, immobilize her to a short backboard device, and quickly remove her from the car d. Rapidly but carefully remove her from the car so that you can gain access to the unconscious man

Rapidly but carefully remove her from the car so that you can gain access to the unconscious man

What is the MOST appropriate order for attempting to rescue a victim before entering the water? a. Throw, reach, and row. b. Reach, row, and throw. c. Row, reach, and throw. d. Reach, throw, and row.

Reach, throw, and row

If you discover that a patient's pupils fail to react to light or are unequal in size, you should: a. Report your finding to personnel at the next level of care b. Recheck the pupils in an area that is brightly lit c. Suspect an overdose of a narcotic or barbiturate drug d. Conclude that the patient most likely has a fatal injury

Report your finding to personnel at the next level of care

As you approach an emergency scene, your priority should be to: a. Scan the area to determine the extent of the incident b. Notify the dispatcher of your scene size-up findings c. Determine the number of critically injured patients d. Quickly gain access to the patient and begin treatment

Scan the area to determine the extent of the incident

Vehicles that are positioned upright on all four wheels following a crash: a. More than likely did not roll over. b. Should be assumed to be unstable c. Typically are safe for you to enter. d. Are more likely to catch on fire.

Should be assumed to be unstable

Much of the emergency care you provide to a patient who has been poisoned is based on the: a. Reason why the poisoning incident occurred b. Signs and symptoms the patient is experiencing c. Route by which the poison entered the body d. Specific type of poison involved in the incident

Signs and symptoms the patient is experiencing

What is the primary hazard to the EMR when dealing with an upside-down vehicle? a. roof collapse b. spilled gasoline c. vehicular instability d. battery leakage

Spilled gasoline

The delivery of an incomplete or underdeveloped fetus is MOST appropriately called a: a. Postterm delivery b. Stillborn delivery c. Spontaneous abortion d. Toxic miscarriage

Spontaneous abortion

If, upon reaching a distressed swimmer, you find that he or she is in cardiac arrest, you should FIRST: a. Place a long backboard under the victim and begin rescue breathing b. Perform 2 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before removing him or her from the water c. Stabilize the head and neck and remove the victim from the water d. Immobilize the victim's entire spine before removal from the water

Stabilize the head and neck and remove the victim from the water

While responding in a high-crime area of town for a young man who was shot in the chest, the dispatcher advises you that the patient is unconscious and that the perpetrator may still be at the scene. Law enforcement is en route to the scene as well, but the responding paramedics will be delayed. What should you do? a. Advise the dispatcher that the paramedics and law enforcement officers will handle the situation and then return to service b. Proceed cautiously to the scene, exit your vehicle and stay low when you arrive, and quickly move the patient to an area of safety c. Continue to the scene, stay in your vehicle when you arrive, and wait for law enforcement to secure the scene before you exit your vehicle d. Stop a few blocks away from the scene, stay in your vehicle, and wait for law enforcement to arrive at the scene and ensure that it is safe

Stop a few blocks away from the scene, stay in your vehicle, and wait for law enforcement to arrive at the scene and ensure that it is safe

Drowning is MOST accurately defined as: a. Any injury that results from being beneath the surface of water b. Suffocation because of submersion in water or in other liquids c. Cardiac arrest after submersion in water for at least 10 minutes d. Cardiac failure following submersion in water less than 70°F (21°C).

Suffocation because of submersion in water or other liquids

A 56-year-old man experienced a sudden onset of dyspnea during a meal. He is conscious and alert but is in obvious respiratory distress. You should: a. Suspect that he has an airway obstruction b. Assess the rate of the patient's respirations c. Lay him down and begin rescue breathing d. Inquire about a history of heart problems

Suspect that he has an airway obstruction

Initial attempts to clear a patient's airway of foreign material should be performed by: a. sweeping the mouth with your finger. b. performing abdominal thrusts. Selected: c. placing the patient in the recovery position.This answer is incorrect. d. thoroughly suctioning the mouth.

Sweeping the mouth with your finger

In children ages 1 to 4 years, most of the drownings occur in: a. Swimming pools b. Storm drain ponds c. Bathtubs. d. Lakes and rivers

Swimming pools

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when responding to an emergency scene? a. Proceeding quickly but safely b. Fastening your safety belt c. Taking the shortest route d. Considering the drivers around you

Taking the shortest route

In which of the following situations would an emergency move be MOST appropriate? a. The patient has a history of cardiac arrest b. The patient is in a mobile home or other area that is confined c. The area around the patient cannot be protected adequately d. The patient is in a car and there are shards of glass around him

The area around the patient cannot be protected adequately

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is NOT correct? a. The lower chambers of the heart are the left and right ventricles b. The atria are reservoirs for blood returning from the body and lungs c. The atria are highly muscular and do most of the pumping for the heart d. The heart functions as the human circulatory system's pump

The atria are highly muscular and do most of the pumping for the heart

Diabetic coma is a condition that occurs when: a. A patient takes his or her insulin but does not eat b. There is an excessive amount of insulin in the body c. The body has too much glucose and not enough insulin d. The body's cells use excessive amounts of glucose

The body has too much glucose and not enough insulin

Expiration occurs when: a. The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward in the chest b. The chest muscles contract and push air from the chest c. The chest muscles relax and the diaphragm moves downward d. Air is drawn into the lungs as a result of contraction of the diaphragm

The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward in the chest

Patients who have experienced carbon monoxide poisoning may have false pulse oximetry readings because: a. Their red blood cells are not saturated with oxygen b. High levels of carbon dioxide are produced by carbon monoxide c. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes low perfusion d. Carbon dioxide increases the oxygen content of the blood

Their red blood cells are not saturated with oxygen

A pregnant patient should be positioned on her left side because: a. The heart will be compressed if she is on her back b. This will slow down labor and prolong delivery c. This will allow venous blood to return to the heart d. It is usually the most comfortable position for her

This will allow venous blood to return to the heart

Question 19 You are the first emergency medical responder (EMR) to arrive at the scene of a 49-year-old man in cardiac arrest. The patient clearly weighs more than you do and is in an area that makes it extremely difficult for you perform CPR. You should: a. Slide a long backboard under the patient and move him to a larger area where you can begin CPR b. Not attempt to move the patient until sufficient help is available to move the patient safely to a larger area c. Begin CPR to the best of your ability and continue until additional rescuers arrive at the scene. d. Tie the patient's wrists together, place his arms around your neck, and drag the patient to an area where you can begin CPR

Tie the patient's wrists together, place his arms around your neck, and drag the patient to an area where you can begin CPR

When treating a patient who complains of dyspnea, the EMR's primary focus should be on: a. Rapid transport to the appropriate hospital b. Determining what is causing the dyspnea c. Providing mouth-to-mask rescue breathing d. Treating the patient's signs and symptoms

Treating the patient's signs and symptoms

When documenting the events of an emergency call, the EMR should include the: a. Names of all personnel at the scene b. Treatment provided before EMS arrival c. Patient's presumptive diagnosis d. Treatment provided by the paramedics

Treatment provided before EMS arrival

Which bone is located on the medial aspect of the forearm? a. Fibula b. Ulna c. Humerus d. Radius

Ulna

In contrast to the prefix arterio-, the prefix vaso- means: a. vein b. artery c. capillary d. vessel

Vessel

Decreased circulation to a part of or all of the body will manifest with skin that is: a. Blue b. White c. Yellow d. Cyanotic

White