EMT chap 30: Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries

Compression injuries to the abdomen that occur during a motor vehicle crash are typically the result of

A poorly placed lap belt

Open abdominal injury

An injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination

Closed of abdominal injury

An injury in which there is soft tissue damage inside the body but the skin remains intact

An unresponsive trauma patient has a large open abdominal wound with massive external bleeding. You should

Apply direct pressure to the wound

Other than applying a moist, sterile dressing covered with a dry dressing to treat and abdominal evisceration, an alternative form of management may include:

Applying and occlusive dressing, secured by trauma dressings

A 20-year-old male was accidentally shot in the right upper abdominal quadrant with an arrow during an archery contest. Prior to your arrival, the patient removed the arrow. Your assessment reveals that he is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. The entrance wound is bleeding minimally and appears to be superficial. You should

Assume that the arrow injured an internal organ

When documenting a call involving a female patient who was sexually assaulted, the EMT should:

Avoid speculation and document only factual data

Hematuria

Blood in the urine

The term hematuria is defined as:

Blood in the urine

A football player was struck by another player in the right flank area just below the posterior rib cage. He complains of severe pain and point tenderness to the area. Your assessment reveals that there is a small amount of blood in his underwear. You should be most suspicious for

Blunt injury to the kidney

The Temporary wound channel caused by high velocity weapons is called ________

Cavitation

Guarding

Contracting the stomach muscles to minimize the pain of abdominal movement; a sign of peritonitis

A man has a large laceration across his lower abdominal wall and a loop of bowel is protruding from the wound. He conscious and alert and there is minimal bleeding from the wound. You should

Cover the exposed Bowel with a moist sterile dressing and then secured in place with a dry bandage

You are assessing a patient who reports pain that is tearing and describes it as going from the abdomen posteriorly. What should you suspect?

Dissecting abdominal aneurysm

What is the most common mechanism of injury in geriatric patients?

Falls

40-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain following blunt trauma. He is diaphoretic, intensely thirsty, and has a weak and rapid pulse. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes all of the following except:

Giving him small sips of plain water

66-year-old male presents with a dark red rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. He is conscious and alert; however, his skin is cool and clammy and his pulse is rapid. Further assessment reveals that his blood pressure is 112/60 mm Hg. Which of the following questions would be most pertinent to ask him

Have you experienced recent abdominal trauma?

A Sign of kidney damage following blunt trauma is:

Hematuria

Which of the following signs would indicate that an injury to the kidney has occurred?

Hematuria

Damage to solid organs typically leads to

Hemorrhage

Even when seatbelts are worn properly and the airbags deployed, injury may occur to the:

Iliac crests

Abdominal rigidity and periumbilical bruising are signs of _________

Internal bleeding

Which of the following statements regarding rebound tenderness is correct?

It is often discovered when the patient is jarred or moved suddenly

Management of evisceration injuries includes__________

Keeping the injury moist and warm

A 16-year-old boy was playing football and was struck in the left flank during a tackle. His vital signs are stable however he is in severe pain. You should be most concerned that he has injured his:

Kidney

Your are dispatched to a residence for a young female who was kicked in the abdomen. While in route to the scene, you should ask the dispatcher if:

Law enforcement is at the scene

You are transporting a patient with possible peritonitis following trauma to the abdomen. Which position will he most likely prefer to assume?

Legs drawn up

While assessing a 21-year-old female who struck a tree head-on with her small passenger car, you note that her airbag deployed. You should:

Lift the airbag and look for deformity to the steering wheel

Bruising over the right upper quadrant could indicate injury to which of the following?

Liver

Where is abdominal injury most likely to occur in young children?

Liver

Which of the following organs would be the most likely to believe profusely if severely injured?

Liver

You should have an index of suspicion that a patient with pain referred to the right shoulder has an injury to which organ?

Liver

Which of the following are considered solid organs?

Pancreas and spleen

Which of the following is an indication of a spleen injury?

Referred left shoulder pain

What is the major cause of death following injury to a hollow organ in the abdomen?

Sepsis

Solid organs

Solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the body takes place, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys

Peritonitis will most likely result following injury to the

Stomach

Hollow organs

Structures through which materials pass, such as the stomach, small intestine, large intestine's, ureter's, and urinary bladder

Peritoneal cavity

The abdominal cavity

Which of the following statements regarding intra-abdominal bleeding is false?

The absence of pain and tenderness falls out intra-abdominal bleeding

Evisceration

The displacement of organs outside the body

Which of the following statements is true?

The higher the velocity of a projectile, the larger the cavity it produces

Peritoneum

The membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs

Flank

The region below the rib cage and above the hip

What is the purpose of wrapping a sexual assault victim in a burn sheet?

To preserve potential evidence

Which of the following organs is at most risk for injury as a result of a pelvic fracture?

Urinary bladder

When caring for a female trauma to the external genitalia, the EMT should:

Use local pressure to control bleeding

Which of the following statements regarding trauma during pregnancy is correct?

Uterine trauma is likely to cause shock in a pregnant patient

While inspecting the interior of a wrecked automobile, you should be most suspicious that the driver experienced an abdominal injury if you find:

A deformed steering wheel

Most of the ________ system lies behind the digestive tract.

urinary