engineering drawing and plans
floor plan
a drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure
foundation plan
a plan view drawing, in section, showing the location and size of footings, piers, columns, foundation walls, and supporting beams
building information modelling
a process that begins with the creation of an intelligent 3D model and enables document management, coordination and simulation during the entire lifecycle of a project
perspective drawing
a technique for depicting 3D volumes and spatial relationships based on the eye level and vanishing point of the viewer
general notes
contains detailed information about the buildings
construction document
design drawings are accomplished
build
during this phase, fabrication begins using BIM specs
- by-laws - codes - length - mapping forms - construction type - legends - abbreviations - anything essential
information included in the general notes
- pre-design - schematic - design development - construction document
phases of design
pre-design
preparation of schematic model, renderings, modifications
- plan - design - build - operate
process of BIM
cross section
provides an overview of both the visible and hidden components in a building
beam bar bending schedule
provides the reinforcement calculation for reinforced concrete beam
column bar bending schedule
provides the reinforcement calculation for reinforced concrete column
excavation drawing
represents the footing excavation dimension, column position, footing plan and grid lines of column
column layout
represents the position and orientation of columns and column reinforcement details
design development
review and revision of schematic plans and elevations
location plan
shows the proposed development in relation to its surrounding properties
block plan
shows the siting of a project in relation to ordnance survey maps
framing plan
shows the size, number, and location of the structural members in the building framework; a plan view showing the layout of the girders and joists
schematic design
sketch, site visits and brief meetings; concept design, concept review, and client meetings
line plan
the single line depictions of the structure of a room; overview of how the whole room will be planned out
- to design and document building and infrastructure designs - used for analysis to explore design options - create visualizations - to generate the design documentation for construction
usage of BIM
conventions
used to depict boundaries, roads and other details
wall cross-section
useful to get a view of both sides of the wall
elevation
useful to know about the direction of the sun and the wind corresponding to the building
dimensions
usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths