Environmental Science Ch. 15 and 16

DDT is harmful to the environment because it

All of the above (does not break down quickly into harmless chemicals, concentrates in the bodies of animals high in the food chain, causes some birds to lay eggs so thin that they break when the birds sit on them)

Farmland may become desertified if

All of the above (domestic animals are allowed to overgraze the land, too many crops are grown on the land and the land gradually loses its fertility, as a result of erosion, there is no fertile soil left to grow plants)

Surface mining can cause

Both air and noise pollution

What is one property that may be used to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic minerals?

Electrical conductivity

Metallic Minerals conduct

Electricity

The loss of fertile soil when it is blown away by wind or washed away by water is called

Erosion

The name for a widespread food shortage that results in many people not having enough food is called an

Famine

Which of the following best describes why many people in the world go hungry?

Food production has not been increasing as fast as the human population

An open pit used to mine minerals near the surface is called a

Quarry

The land recovery process required of mine operators is called _____

Reclamation

Reclamation is the process of

Returning land to its original or better condition after mining

Irrigation water usually comes from

Rivers and groundwater

The accumulation of salts in the soil, which can be caused by irrigation and low rainfall, is called

Salinization

The upper layer of soil consisting of rock particles, water, air, and organic matter is the

Top soil

A quarry could also be called

An open pit

One potential way to deal with the problem of seafood overharvesting is by intensifying ____ efforts.

Aquaculture

Evaporites most commonly form in

Arid regions where rates of evaporation are high

Erosion is most likely when the soil is

Bare and exposed to wind and rain

Pest populations that damage plants

Become resistant to pesticides via natural selection

Genetic engineering of food crops

Continues to be debated among scientist

Which of the following actions contributes to soil erosion?

Driving farm machinery over fields.

Wildlife ________ are protected by the Endangered Species Act

Habitats

Acid mine drainage

Harms or kills aquatic life

Gangue Minerals

Have no commercial value

A true statement about nutritional requirements in humans is that

Humans need to get eight essential amino acids from the protiens they eat

Products obtained from livestock include

Leather, wool, eggs, meat, and manure

The health problem caused by not eating enough necessary nutrients is known as _____

Malnutrition

More energy, water, and land are needed to produce a gram of ____ than to produce a gram of food from plants.

Meat

The minerals that conducts electricity well are called

Metallic Minerals

Through _____, mining companies can identify areas where there may be valuable mineral resources.

Mineral Exploration

Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by

Movement of wind and water

All of the following factors can cause famines EXCEPT

New, higher yield crops

Which of the following is NOT a method of subsurface mining?

Open-pit mining

Which of the following are minerals that contain valuable substances?

Ore minerals

Collapse of ____ can lead to subsidence

Pillars in abandoned mines

Solution mining is an economical mining method if mineral ores are _______ in water

Soluable

Which of the following is a water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage?

Sulfuric Acid

The _____ sets standards to minimize the surface effects of coal mining on the environment.

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

The first step in surface coal mining is

To remove and set aside the soil that covers the area to be mined

The results of the green revolution were not entirely positive because

Use of pesticides and fertilizers increased the risk of pollution

Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?

Using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops

Which of the following agricultural products requires the least amount of energy?

Wheat