Environmental Science Finals
Approximately how many years ago did our species, Homo sapiens, begin to migrate out of Africa and settle in Europe, Asia, and Australia?
100,000 years
Tertiary consumers are usually in which tropic level?
4th Trophic level
What are some of the consequences of global warming?
All of the above
Vampire" power is energy used when ______.
Appliance is turned off, but in "standby" mode.
What is the basic subunit of elements?
Atoms
When populations approach their carrying capacity, their resources ________.
Becomes more sacred as growth rate is below 0.
The process by which the concentration of a pesticide increases through a food chain is called ____________.
Biomagnification
To determine your specific impacts on the environment, one can
Calculate your ecological footprint
Teratogens are often times also
Carcinogens
Most hazardous wastes come from ______________. You just purchased a new cell phone. Why is it a bad idea to throw the old one in the trash?
Chemical and petroleum industries ; it contains heavy metal
Which of the following may not be a good choice when eating sustainably?
Choosing natural foods choosing natural foods
Ninety percent of Earth's garbage is generated in/on ________
Cities
Demoted folliculorum are tiny mites that live in the spores of your face. Being that you were probably unaware they existed until now this would be an example of _____________.
Commensalism
The Superfund, established to clean up hazardous waste sites in the United States, is a part of the __________.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and liability Act.
Scientist use ________ to forecast climate change.
Computer simulation modules
______________ use mirrors to concentrate the sun's rays on a series of pipes, which heats fluid inside the pipes to boiling, producing steam. The steam is then used to spin a turbine and generate electricity
Concentrating solar Power
Throughout any introductory examination of ecosystems and environmental sustainability, the importance of human population numbers is cited. Currently, the world and U.S. populations are closest to ________
7 billion, 300 million
An artesian well is created when the well is drilled into __________.
A confined aquifer under great pressure
Wood consumption by humans in developing countries is primarily used for ________
Fuel
Stratospheric ozone depletion is currently most serious ________________.
Over New Zealand and Australia
The primary cause of soil erosion is _______________.
Over cultivation
Toxicologists designate particularly long-lived and widely dispersed organic chemicals as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Which of the following chemicals are in this category?
Pcb
________ is an example of a pesticide that qualifies as a form of biological pest control.
Pheromones
____________ Standards is a government mandate that a certain percentage of energy use come from renewable energy resources.
Renewal Portfolio
An effective water conservation strategy that you could take would be to
Repair dripping faucets
What was one of the main causes of the Galapagos Island finches' death in 1977?
Severe drought
In meosis, ____________ are formed which have one set of chromosomes.
Gametes
Deforestation increases ___________.
Greenhouse gas
Of all the threats biodiversity, the single greatest is ___________.
Habitat destruction
Primary forests _________.
Have been largely unaffected by human
Chestnut blight fungus kills U.S.chestnut trees because the trees _______.
Have not co-evolved with the fungus
A grass root organization is attempting to preserve a stretch of forest that is being considered for purchase by a manufacturing plant. The organization's main strategy is to inform the nearby housing developments of the effect on their home values if the manufacturing plant goes versus the preserved forest. This approach is using ________.
Hedonic valuation
Cities tend to require very _______inputs of energy and materials resulting in _______ outputs of waste.
High, high
The pH scale is a quantitative representation of the relative amounts of ________.
Hydrogen and hydroxide ions in solution
Why is data on industrial solid waste (ISW) difficult to find?
ISW is usually managed by the private sector.
IPAT stands for
Impact, population, affluence, and technology
Globally, what is the main reason that life expectancy has increased dramatically over the last five decades?
Improved health case, nutrition, and sanitation.
Where do most human population live?
In the temperate zone
One limitation of wind power is that it __________.
Is intermittent
The law of energy and mass conservation states that ________.
It implies that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be change from one form to another.
Air and water pollution are directly responsible for the loss of some species. In their studies of these population effects, biologist have determined that ______________ are especially sensitive to air population, are now being used as an index of urban air quality.
Lichen
Which of the following are pioneer species on recently glaciated rock?
Lichens and mosses
What makes up an ecosystem?
Living and nonliving parts and the process that connects
Bioassessment uses _________ to determine water quality.
Living organisms
An S-shaped population growth curve best describes ________.
Logistic growth
In the hierarchical system of classification, a family can be defined as ________.
Major subdivision of an order containing one or more geta
Indoor air is likely to be contaminated by all of the following except ___________.
Mercury
DDT was originally intended to kill ________.
Mosquitos
Which of the following is not a reason that poor families in developing countries might have many children?
Most children survive beyond one year.
The ecosystem boundary of a drainage basin can be defined by ________.
Mountains, hills and valley that determines where the rivers flows
Which of the following is an inflow to an urban ecosystem?
Natural Resources
What makes it possible for the coexistence of several warbler species that feed on the same insect larvae?
Niche differentiation
A greenway is __________.
The link that provides pathways for wildlife to travel between parks and preserves
The type of ocean current that is driven by differences in temperature and salinity is a ________ circulation.
Thermohaline ciruclation
Which of the following influences perceptions of risk? These all influence risk perception
These all influence risk perception
How is genetic variation maintained in most populations?
Through sexual reproduction
In toxicity testing, the dose of a chemical above which there is a measurable decline in the health of the organism being tested is referred to as the ______
Toxicity threshold
A major concern with natural gas demand is ___________.
Transportation
Which biomes is characterized by little rainfall, low grasses and shrubs, and cold temperatures?
Tundra
In using the IPAT equation, much of the impact of affluence and technology is associated with _________
Use energy to generate electricity and power cars
Which of the ethical traditions best describes the building of the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir as right because it benefited a large number of people?
Utilitarianism
Which of the following is a cause of natural climate change?
Volcanic eruption
Keeping energy prices artificially low encourage ________
Waste and rapid depletion of energy.
Which is the most important molecule in the ecosystem?
Water
Which of the following best describes a marsh?
Wet lands that are periodically or continually flooded and are dominated by herbaceous plant
One proposed site for a permanent geologic repository for nuclear waste was _________.
Yuccan Mountain, Nevada
In urban planning, _____ is the designation of specific areas for different categories of land use.
Zoning
Rotation time is ______________.
The average interval between successive cut
In Brazil, what is the primary cause for increase in CO2 in the atmosphere?
Deforestation
A specific example of nonconsumptive use of water is __________.
Disposal of sewage wastewater
Most ocean ridges coincide with ________.
Divergent plate boundaries
Which of the following is a way in which humans pay directly for the ecosystem services forests provide?
Ecotourism
Transportation efficiency refers especially ______________.
Employing more hybrid vehicle technology
The constitutional basis for environmental justice is rooted in ________.
Equal protection for all citizens
What is a growing concern related to sea level rise?
Eroding shorelines in coastal areas
The entire flux of water into the atmosphere is represented by _________
Evapotranspiration
What is the major deterrent to the widespread use of desalination?
Expense
Which of the following is not a renewable energy source?
Oil
The most common use of bioremediation has been to assist in the cleanup of _____.
Oil spills
In which situation would you expect to be closest to peak load?
On an extremely hot day
Why is biomass energy renewable?
Once plants are harvested, they can grow again if proper conditions are provided and rate of harvest does not exceed rate of planting
Which statement most accurately describes the population control efforts in China?
One child policy that is enforced, their taxation and penalties work best for controlling population
Consumer are ____________
Organisms that feed on other living organisms.
Bioaccumulation is ________.
Process by which chemicals are stored in the tissues of living organisms.
________ are synthesized in a two-step process: transcription and translation.
Protein
Scrubbers removes 90% of ___________.
SO2- sulfur oxides
Which of the following did not contribute to the collapse of agricultural ecosystems during the Dust Bowl?
Shelter belt planting
Which of the following best describes the human population from early times to the present?
Slow, uneven growth until the 1800's then increasing rapid growth
____________ is/are formed during primary wastewater treatment.
Sludge
In many developing countries a primary indoor air pollutant is __________.
Smokes from wood fuel stoves
Most environmental policy is set by ________.
State and local government
What one thing remains relatively constant through the seasons in tropical biomes?
Temperature
Toxicology is the study of
The effects on human health.
Sustainable forest management ____________.
includes varied uneven-aged management approaches